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Zlobin, K.K., Diplomaticheskie snoshenia mezhdu Rossiiei I Shvetsiei v pervie godi tsarsvovania imperatora Aleksandra I do prisoedinenia Finlandii k Rossii [Diplomatic Relations Between Russia and Sweden During First Years of Emperor Alexander I’s Reign Until the Annexation of Finland by Russia], St. Petersburg, 1868 Zweguintzow, Vladimir, L’armee Rusee, Paris, 1973 ARTICLES Arnoldi, K. “Frantsuzy v Moghileve na Dnepre, 1812,” [The French in Moghilev on Dnieper], Russkaya starina, 8(1873) “Avtobiograficheskaia zapiska gosudarstvennogo sekretaria Vasilia Romanovicha Marchenki” [Autobiographical Memoirs of State Secretary Vasilii Romanovich Marchenko], Russkaya starina, 85 (1896) Barry, Donald, “The Battle of Devil’s Bridge, La Republique en Danger,” Consortium on Revolutionary Europe Proceedings, 13 (1983) Bop, Ogis [Auguste Boppe] ed., Karadjordje I Francuska. Dokumenti o dogadjajima Srbije sa Napoleonom I (1809-1814), Otadzbina, XIX (1888), 336-38. Borisevich, A., “K stoletiu so dnia smerti nezabvennogo kniazia P.I. Bagrationa” [To Centennial Anniversary of Death of the Beloved Prince P.I. Bagration] Russkii Invalid, 1912, No. 209 ----------------, General ot kavalerii Nikolay Nikolayevich Rayevsky (istorikobiograficheskii ocherk) [General of Cavalry Nikolay Nikolayevich Rayevsky], (St. Petersburg, 1912 Bumagi P.P. Beketova [P.P. Beketov’s Papers], Russkii arkhiv, 18/3 (1880) Carr, Raymond, “Gustavus IV and the British Government 1804-9,” English Historical Review, 60/236 (January 1945) Colin, Campagne de 1805, Revue Historique, 70,71,72 (1906), 75,77 1907 ----------, La surprise des ponts de Vienne en 1805, Revue Historique Rédigée á l’Etat- Major de l’Armée, 19 (1905) Degterev L. Maloizvestnye Geroi Borodina [Unknown Heroes of Borodino], Voprosi Istorii, 1984, No.11, 182-186 874
Dubrovin, Nikolay, “Russkaya zhizn v nachale XIX veka,” Russkaya starina, 12 (1898) --------------------, Materiali dlia istorii tsarstvovania Aleksandra I [Materials for the History of Reign of Alexander I], Voennii sbornik, 11 (1864), Fedorov, V., “Pokhodi 1805-07 goda” [Campaigns of 1805-07] in Otechestvennaia voina i Russkoye obshestvo, jubileinoe izdanie, [The Patriotic War and the Russian Society] Moscow, 1911 Gallaher, John. Vandammee, Jerome and the Invasion of Russia, 1812, Georgian Journal on Napoleonic History, Tbilisi, 2 (2000) Glebov, P. Slovo o Barklae de Tolly [About Barclay de Tolly], Sovremennik, 1(1858) “Iz dnevnika Grafini Foss, ober-gofmesiterini Prusskago dvora” [From the Diary of the Countess Foss, Lady-in Waiting at the Prussian Court], Russkii arkhiv, 23/1 (1885) “Iz rasskazov leib-gusara,” [From Recollections of Life Hussar], Russkii arkhiv, 3 (1887) “Iz istorii Moskovskogo Angliiskogo Kluba” [History of Moscow English Club], Russkii arkhiv, 27/2 (1889) “Iz vospominanii Nikolaya Ivanovicha Andreeva,” [From Recollections of Nikolai Ivanovich Andreev], Russkii arkhiv, 17 (1879) “Iz pisem Jakova Ivanovicha Bulgakova k starshemu ego sinu Aleksandru Jakobvlevicha,” [Letters of Jacob Ivanovich Bulgakov to His Eldest Son Alexander Jakovlevich], Russkii arkhiv, 36/1, 36/2, 36/3 (1896) “Iz pisem Aleksandra Jakovlevicha Bulgakova k ego bratu, 1812 god,” [Letters of Alexander Jakovlevich Bulgakov to His Brother, 1812], Russkii arkhiv, 38/2 (1900) Karabanov, P., Freilini Russkogo dvora v XVIII-XIX stoletii, biograficheskie spiski [Ladies-in-Waiting of the Russian Court in XVIII-XIX Centuries, Biographical Lists], Russkaya Starina, 3 (1871) “Kratkaya istoricheskaya spravka po Avstriiskomu pokhoduy Russkoi Imperatorskoi Armii M.I. Kutuzova v 1805 (podgotovlennaia institutom Rossiiskoi istorri RAN)” [Short Historical Study on the Austrian Campaign of the Russian Imperial Army under M.I. Kutuzov in 1805 (prepared by the Institute of Russian History at the Russian Academy of Science], in Informatsionnii biulleten “Orgkomiteta 1805 goda,” Moscow, 2002 Kulsrud, Carl, “The Seizure of the Danish Fleet, 1807: The Background,” American Journal of International Law, 32/2 (April 1938) 875
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FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation
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the Russian archives. Robert Goetz
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TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures.
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Prince Pet
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30. Combat on the Northern Flank, f
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FOREWARD I faced several difficulti
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ABSTRACT This study explores the li
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participants of the 1812 Campaign.
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with a strong emphasis on the 1812
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Figure 1. Prince Peter Bagration in
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suppressed the main line of Bagrati
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Meantime, the Turks invaded Eastern
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another letter to Catherine asking
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Bagration’s enlistment in army is
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According to the record of Service,
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As he returned from the campaign, B
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not have hoped for a great career.
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more interested in Prussian and Aus
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The French mobilized up to 388,441
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General Suvorov joined the troops o
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campaigns they both served and kind
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expected to join the main forces. 3
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Map 1. Allied Movement from Mincio
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special decree recognizing the effo
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total, the French had some 28,000 m
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shouting, ‘Soldiers of Ismail, ar
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Bagration’s actions at Lecco. 78
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Map 3. Actions at Vaprio and Cassan
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and urged the destruction of the Fr
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was to occupy the fortress, if poss
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an ineffective handling of reconnai
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the Scrivia. He also moved Molchano
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eceived reinforcements and felt so
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order arrived. Suvorov wrote, “I
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Piedmont threatened the French supp
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eported that “Molchanov surrounde
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Although battle at Marengo was not
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This period showed a major weakness
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384 cannon, 20,000 muskets and vast
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At the same time, Bagration occupie
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Figure 3. Bagration as the advance
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general turns individually to the H
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from France to the Riviera. 14 Inte
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Suvorov was determined to leave a s
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The Allies first crossed the Bormid
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Map 6. Campaign of the Tidone and T
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Map 7. First Day of Trebbia, 18 Jun
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across the Tidone and then turned n
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Map 7. First Day of Trebbia Campaig
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ordered to arrange divisions of the
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Bagration also described Suvorov’
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at Rivalta and made flanking maneuv
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Although Suvorov later reported tha
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French did not gain a step of groun
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Vasilievich arrived, [bringing] a b
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By 6:00 p.m., the Allies regained t
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Map 6. Campaign on the Tidone and T
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The battle on the Trebbia was one o
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CHAPTER IV Against Joubert Battle o
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withdrawn his forces to Novi, reinf
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Kray in besieging Mantua and Suvoro
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lines. 33 Meantime, Suvorov, despit
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protected one of the valleys that l
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a brief clash with the French. 49 S
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Map 9. Siege of Serravalle 1 - Line
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upper Orba and Scrivia. 67 Joubert
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Map 10. Joubert’s Offensive 114
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Map 11. Massing of Forces at Novi 1
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Kray silently approached the French
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However, Suvorov’s actions also i
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Novi, but then reached the stonewal
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counterattack and recaptured it. 10
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Map 12. Battle at Novi, 15 August 1
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The next morning, Suvorov intended
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Novi was a major victory for Prince
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effectively removed the Russians fr
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The major flaw of this plan lay in
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I kept my word and arrived here on
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Map 13. Suvorov’s Assault on the
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to allow the flanking columns to le
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killed and wounded 45 Bagration rep
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Map 14. From the St. Gothard to Ams
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the Reuss River, a remarkable feat
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local commanders about Suvorov’s
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Furious over what he regarded as Au
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etreated toward Germany, leaving be
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the bravery and self-sacrifice of m
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General Auffenberg’s troops (2,00
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In a fierce engagement, Bagration p
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movement and moved the Bagration J
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Early afternoon on 1 October Bagrat
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French. 117 But the main assault on
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The main Russian forces assembled a
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the battlefield. Prince Peter order
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etreated and lost three guns to Mol
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Map 19. Passage of the Panixer Pass
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the council of war of 18 October, h
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In early November, the Russian army
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Swiss Campaigns. Suvorov praised hi
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CHAPTER VI Life in St. Petersburg a
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[Suvorov] very weak… he lapsed in
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launch three new ships at the Admir
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Tsarskoe Selo, which reminded him o
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occasion chastised him for neglecti
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had dark; she was beautiful like an
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Figure 6. “Pink Pavilion” - Bag
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Bagration’s wife: Princess Ekater
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saw Catherine’s daughter, who car
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Isabey painted her rose-crowned and
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Alexander was very apprehensive for
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CHAPTER VII “Five Against Thirty
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alleged participation in the assass
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Hanover, and another 20,000 men und
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the column and attached the infirma
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obstacles we confront, we shall ove
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Bagration was at Wischau; the next
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To Kutuzov’s surprise, he soon re
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Map 22. Ulm Campaign, 6 October 180
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de Dieu Soult, Louis-Nicolas Davout
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marched under cold rain and snow. B
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Napoleon commanded 150,000 men agai
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Map 23. Pursuit to Vienna, 26 Octob
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tenacity and were saved by the time
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Miloradovich in case the French thr
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watching for an unlikely appearance
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Napoleon arrived at the front on 11
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prepare for another march. Bagratio
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Kutuzov were furious at Nostitz’s
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Once within sight of Schöngrabern,
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Napoleon received the word of the a
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against Major General Selikhov’s
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Bagration’s detachment made a gre
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The news of Bagration’s escape ca
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While Bagration fought at Schograbe
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his columns and reinforced Bagratio
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execution. To preserve the main bod
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deployed some 30,000 men of Murat
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However, Alexander and Francis disr
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Map 27. Allied Advance from Olmutz
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27 November at Proedlitz. The next
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However, Bagration found his forces
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advance in complete ignorance of th
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. Map 28. Battle of Austerlitz, 2 D
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men to the battlefield. These troop
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ordinary battle. I prefer to abando
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Map 28. Battle of Austerlitz, 2 Dec
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Map 29. Napoleon’s and Allied Pla
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forces, which were supposed to coop
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holding the French was on the right
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on the north side of the road with
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Map 30. Combat on the Northern Flan
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tide of success. 120 The Russian ca
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6 th Jagers at Holubitz before disl
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finally secured Holubitz and Kruh a
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Map 28. Battle of Austerlitz, 2 Dec
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Czeitsch and then abandoned the tow
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Austerlitz was a masterpiece of Nap
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cavalry was also badly mauled, loos
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idolized a character. He was dresse
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over Alexander. 191 Bagration’s a
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Guard Jager Battalion and began pre
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CHAPTER IX In the Blizzards of Pola
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etreating northward, Napoleon was a
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The Russian army advanced on 6 Janu
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By this time, Marshal Michel Ney ad
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January. 27 Next day, he reached Li
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Meantime, the Russian headquarters
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the main forces. 47 These actions,
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Map 34. Region Between Deutsch Eyla
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Napoleon was delighted by the news
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organization of the retreat. Yermol
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forces in pursuit of the Russians.
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Murat made another series of attack
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Simultaneously, the French corps we
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In the evening of 6 February, Benni
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One of the participants left a vivi
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About one mile in front of Eylau, B
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However, the initial attack in the
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Many French officers, including Gen
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he could not defend his positions a
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still managed to capture eagle of t
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Map 38. Battle of Eylau, 8 February
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Baptiste Milhaud covered both Frenc
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cannon or musket fire neither in th
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Page 373 and 374:
Serpallen. 192 The French would hav
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Page 377 and 378:
where he placed strong batteries to
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In addition, thousands of the soldi
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Gross Lauth and approached village
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under command of Ataman Platov. 237
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eloved be everyone and admired by a
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Map 39. Friedland Campaign, 15 Marc
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advance guards on the Lower Passarg
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In April, strong reinforcements joi
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to attack Soult’s corps and preve
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At around 3:00 a.m. on 5 June, Bagr
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from the woods on the left flank. B
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Ney reconnoitered Bagration’s pos
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Ney made several stands on his marc
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As he made his stand on the banks o
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the failure of the maneuver at Gutt
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etreated without engaging. The Fren
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The Cossacks attacked but in a sava
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The Cossacks under Major General Pa
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moved by forced marches to Heilsber
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Bennigsen was unaware of the direct
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Map 43. Battle of Heilsberg, 10 Jun
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foot before receiving a horse from
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which friends and foes had during t
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Map 44. Friedland Campaign, 10-13 J
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Napoleon’s army as it marched to
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idges were constructed and addition
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Late in night on 13 June, Marshal L
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illusion of the arriving reinforcem
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Mortier’s corps also arrived on t
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withdrew his exhausted jagers allow
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The advancing French came under mur
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Map 45. Battle of Friedland, 14 Jun
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Map 45. Battle of Friedland, 14 Jun
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imagined. Friends became foes to ea
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Map 46. Friedland Campaign, 14-19 J
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perhaps more terrible than the firs
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Friedland, where they found themsel
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Ingermanland) and part of Finland.
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along the coastline and twice he vi
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at Tavastheus (Hämeenlinna). One o
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A strong garrison of some 7,000 men
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efore the Swedes retreated to Tavas
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The fighting continued for over fou
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strong advance guard under Major Ge
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Map 47. Military Operations in Finl
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and to dispatch remaining forces 58
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entire coastline from Vaasa to Åbo
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The loss of the Åland Islands stun
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ubles for travel expenses from the
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on the southeast shore of Gulf of B
Page 477 and 478:
Gustavus IV was further exasperated
Page 479 and 480:
disorderly flight.” 106 General B
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for the expedition. 116 Knorring th
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one rubles is in fact worth 28 kope
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Map 50. Aland Islands 466
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The weather favored the Russians. I
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detachment, capturing nine guns and
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19 March, Kulnev prepared his troop
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Map 51. Military Operations in Spri
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frozen Kvarken, 166 reached the vic
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The Russian army was ordered to re-
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Åland Islands already became a leg
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CHAPTER XII Campaign in the Danube
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Map 52. Danubian Principalities in
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Turks, who felt betrayed by the Fre
Page 507 and 508:
looking for a younger and more vigo
Page 509 and 510:
further deteriorated. He died at 5:
Page 511 and 512:
August, Bagration dispatched Ataman
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Around 6:00 a.m. on 28 August, Bagr
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Russian army now could take up posi
Page 517 and 518:
Bagration provided his troops with
Page 519 and 520:
Bagration concluded that Hozrev Meh
Page 521 and 522:
the road from Constant, some ten mi
Page 523 and 524:
Map 53. Battle of Rassevat, 16 Sept
Page 525 and 526:
Turkish cavalry, 96 while Denisov
Page 527 and 528:
Bagration was elated with this deci
Page 529 and 530:
advance against Langeron. Therefore
Page 531 and 532:
majesty’s wish though the quick a
Page 533 and 534:
the troops to repulse the enemy sor
Page 535 and 536:
The letters demonstrated Bagration
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CHAPTER XIII Conclusion of Bagratio
Page 539 and 540:
conditions. 12 However, Bagration r
Page 541 and 542:
Thus, Bagration was unable to conce
Page 543 and 544:
To Bagration’s surprise, on 5 Oct
Page 545 and 546:
additional forage. 34 Bagration was
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On 19 October, the Turkish army und
Page 549 and 550:
dispatched Belorussian Hussars and
Page 551 and 552:
killed and wounded, 200 captured wi
Page 553 and 554:
Simultaneously, the Grand Vizier wi
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infantry battalions, and ordered hi
Page 557 and 558:
campaign here, surrounded by the de
Page 559 and 560:
the Danube can prevent these maneuv
Page 561 and 562:
direct order from Alexander. 91 His
Page 563 and 564:
partially destroyed during previous
Page 565 and 566:
Turkish cavalry as “the best cava
Page 567 and 568:
eceived from the Turkish reports of
Page 569 and 570:
Bagration compared his situation wi
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sick to 150-200 men a day.” 126 B
Page 573 and 574:
ideas at the councils and therefore
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army would spread confusion. He bel
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discontent after Kamensky’s very
Page 579 and 580:
efused to allow Prince Peter to ret
Page 581 and 582:
commander-in-chief, Bagration reali
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Prince Peter then turned to Major G
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Isaev with two infantry regiments o
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spilling the blood of their innocen
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However, neither of these powers wa
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to sign a cease fire and negotiate
Page 593 and 594:
The planning for the join operation
Page 595 and 596:
On 2 March 1810, Prince Peter gave
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compatriots in Bosnia and Albania.
Page 599 and 600:
expenses. 68 Bagration criticized A
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harbors to any British ships. Furth
Page 603 and 604:
Bagration, “You must persuade [th
Page 605 and 606:
In addition to his involvement in t
Page 607 and 608:
was in love with Philipescu’s dau
Page 609 and 610:
In late January 1810, Bagration per
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devastating the region through thei
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Divans of Wallachia and Moldavia to
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and corrupt persons; so he had to c
Page 617 and 618:
CHAPTER XV Defending the Western Fr
Page 619 and 620:
lands. However, General Gardane rem
Page 621 and 622:
impossible to return all of the lan
Page 623 and 624:
The showdown of two great powers wa
Page 625 and 626:
The major issue of contention betwe
Page 627 and 628:
Napoleon was well aware of the diff
Page 629 and 630:
Napoleon’s strategy was simple an
Page 631 and 632:
suggested by the Minister of War Mi
Page 633 and 634:
was assembled along a 50-mile front
Page 635 and 636:
Map 56. Russian Campaign, 23 June 1
Page 637 and 638:
characteristic timidity and indecis
Page 639 and 640:
successes would “raise the high s
Page 641 and 642:
campaign. Russia was ready to comme
Page 643 and 644:
more aware of the political affairs
Page 645 and 646:
to a new area at Volkovysk and its
Page 647 and 648:
Another order of Barclay de Tolly t
Page 649 and 650:
they were deployed too close to the
Page 651 and 652:
Map 58. Russian Deployment on 23 Ju
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your objectives…since the politic
Page 655 and 656:
only from the 1 st Western Army, bu
Page 657 and 658:
was completed. From the initial 49,
Page 659 and 660:
armies. It gave the 2 nd Western Ar
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CHAPTER XVI The Retreat and First S
Page 663 and 664:
direct route to Minsk from Vilna, a
Page 665 and 666:
2 nd Western Army marched another t
Page 667 and 668:
Map 59. Retreat to Slonim 649
Page 669 and 670:
two columns. 26 He also anticipated
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Soldiers cut the tree brunches and
Page 673 and 674:
July and then advance towards Voloz
Page 675 and 676:
Bagration halted the crossing to th
Page 677 and 678:
None of these plans were implemente
Page 679 and 680:
The next day, the Cossacks crossed
Page 681 and 682:
drilled and equipped troops, Jérô
Page 683 and 684:
Tell him [Jérôme] that it would b
Page 685 and 686:
To raise morale among the disconten
Page 687 and 688:
Bagration, which described in gener
Page 689 and 690:
The 2 nd Western Army bivouacked fo
Page 691 and 692:
To aid the lancers, General Turno o
Page 693 and 694:
As he received Platov’s report ab
Page 695 and 696:
Ivanovich Platov not only delighted
Page 697 and 698:
Alexander criticized the movement o
Page 699 and 700:
I am not to blame for anything. Fir
Page 701 and 702:
By 12 July, the rearguard arrived a
Page 703 and 704:
Beresina and at 10:00 a.m. on 12 Ju
Page 705 and 706:
day. “If they [French] would not
Page 707 and 708:
Platov intended to meet and detain
Page 709 and 710:
The French suffered considerable lo
Page 711 and 712:
Figure 12. Prince Peter Bagration i
Page 713 and 714:
Map 66. Retreat to Moghilev 696
Page 715 and 716:
Barclay de Tolly and the 1 st Weste
Page 717 and 718:
Simultaneously, the Russian advance
Page 719 and 720:
Vorontsov will arrive by night. I u
Page 721 and 722:
At the same time, Davout began his
Page 723 and 724:
Map 68. Battle of Saltanovka, 23 Ju
Page 725 and 726:
inflicted heavy casualties. A Frenc
Page 727 and 728:
The Russians acknowledged 2,548 kil
Page 729 and 730:
Russians with his weakened army. 54
Page 731 and 732:
Map 60. Bagration’s Operations in
Page 733 and 734:
troops to prepare crossings over th
Page 735 and 736:
of Napoléon and save his army from
Page 737 and 738:
Figure 13. Chapel on the battlefiel
Page 739 and 740:
a fierce battle on 25-27 July at Os
Page 741 and 742:
In the meantime, Ataman Platov join
Page 743 and 744:
this feeling, based only on antipat
Page 745 and 746:
[Bagration], as no other commanders
Page 747 and 748:
Thus, the Russian senior officers g
Page 749 and 750:
Bagration is often portrayed as rec
Page 751 and 752:
informed about my movement to Smole
Page 753 and 754:
Bagration, had tremendous effect on
Page 755 and 756:
Indeed, the Quartermaster-General o
Page 757 and 758:
victory on his breaking through the
Page 759 and 760:
Figures 15. Bagration’s Comrades
Page 761 and 762:
urged the expediency of acting on t
Page 763 and 764:
Only prompt and decisive actions co
Page 765 and 766:
Lyadi with a strong detachment and
Page 767 and 768:
Though we know that the enemy troop
Page 769 and 770:
emained idle on the Porechye route
Page 771 and 772:
Bagration also emphasized the criti
Page 773 and 774:
enemy forces against you [in the di
Page 775 and 776:
Map 69. Operations at Smolensk, 8-2
Page 777 and 778:
The French 48 attacked before after
Page 779 and 780:
campaigns, was well aware of this.
Page 781 and 782:
August General Rayevsky had 10,000
Page 783 and 784:
Smolensk to give a battle and this
Page 785 and 786:
Map 70. Battle of Smolensk, 17 Augu
Page 787 and 788:
the two armies were not united, dec
Page 789 and 790:
important crossroad at Lubino was l
Page 791 and 792:
Meantime, Ney and Murat were engage
Page 793 and 794:
On 24 August the 1 st and 2 nd West
Page 795 and 796:
of the Russian generals, including
Page 797 and 798:
stronger. 120 He stressed the Frenc
Page 799 and 800:
complain. The army has not the leas
Page 801 and 802:
almost eliminated. No one could mor
Page 803 and 804:
the rank-and-file. The fact that he
Page 805 and 806:
example of subordination, concealed
Page 807 and 808:
for “this is not an ordinary war,
Page 809 and 810:
the Russian rear guard. 12 General
Page 811 and 812:
inaccurate in describing events and
Page 813 and 814:
Shaped like a pentagon and some six
Page 815 and 816:
Many officers criticized Kutuzov’
Page 817 and 818:
Baggevout’s 2 nd Corps and Genera
Page 819 and 820:
left wing was tangibly weak in comp
Page 821 and 822:
attle and the actual number of the
Page 823 and 824:
There was no hesitation on either s
Page 825 and 826:
he, too, fell - this was the twenty
Page 827 and 828:
Map 73. Battle of Borodino, 7 Septe
Page 829 and 830:
immediately launched a frontal coun
Page 831 and 832:
On the northern flank, Eugene’s f
Page 833 and 834:
Map 73. Battle of Borodino, 7 Septe
Page 835 and 836:
e moved back before order could be
Page 837 and 838: evening the French were in possessi
Page 839 and 840: In the midst of battle, Bagration w
Page 841 and 842: dramatically deteriorated. Being un
Page 843 and 844: eased the pain. His mood changed fr
Page 845 and 846: army. 144 Bagration unquestionably
Page 847 and 848: CONCLUSION The God of the Army - Ba
Page 849 and 850: Figure 19. Monument to Peter Bagrat
Page 851 and 852: of emotions in Bagration. Napoleon
Page 853 and 854: Highly gifted by nature, with “a
Page 855 and 856: BIBLIOGRAPHY ARCHIVAL SOURCES Rossi
Page 857 and 858: delo 3161 - Deistvia russkikh v kam
Page 859 and 860: Al’tshuller R, Borodino: Dokument
Page 861 and 862: Butovsky, I., Feldmarshal kniaz Kut
Page 863 and 864: -----------------, Mémoires et cor
Page 865 and 866: “Iz donesenii Bavarskago poverenn
Page 867 and 868: ‘Materiali iz istorii Suvorova’
Page 869 and 870: Rossia i Shvetsia: dokumenti i mate
Page 871 and 872: Yermolov, Aleksey, Zapiski A.P. Erm
Page 873 and 874: Björlin, Gustaf. Finska Kriget 180
Page 875 and 876: Deminski I., Pokhod Napoleona v Ros
Page 877 and 878: Höpfner, Friedrich Eduard Alexande
Page 879 and 880: Lettow-Vorbeck, Oscar von, Der krie
Page 881 and 882: Nakashidze, Nodar. Borodinos gmiri
Page 883 and 884: Polikarpov, N. 1799-1899. Bagration
Page 885 and 886: Six, Georges, Dictionnaire biograph
Page 887: Volodin, P. O roli i chislenosti Mo
Page 891 and 892: Sandelius, Walter, “Dictatorship
Page 893 and 894: ANNEX Annex 1 - Song in Honor of Pr
Page 895 and 896: major 8 December 1793 Premier major
Page 897: BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Mikaberidze, Al
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