SEKE 2012 Proceedings - Knowledge Systems Institute

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Clockwork Team Project Level Project I Level 2 (6/9 sprints) Project II Level 1 (2/9 sprints) Project III Level 1 (2/12 sprints) Project IV Level 1 (1/10 sprint) TABLE II TEAM RESULTS FOR THE CLOCKWORK TEAM ACHIEVEMENT: LEVELS ACHIEVED FOR EACH PROJECT AND TOTAL NUMBER OF SPRINTS FINISHED ON TIME. Sprint Backlog Completion Project Level Project I Level 2 (3/9 sprints) Project II Level 2 (6/9 sprints) Project III Level 2 (3/12 sprints) Project IV Level 1 (2/10 sprint) TABLE III TEAM RESULTS FOR THE SPRINT BACKLOG COMPLETION: LEVELS ACHIEVED FOR EACH PROJECT AND TOTAL NUMBER OF SPRINTS FINISHED ON TIME. achievement. Only Project I did not reach the Level 2. The Project III and IV teams have started five sprints without time gaps. They are the best ones in this criteria. However they did not reach the Level 3. Sprint Latency Project Level Project I Level 1 (1/9 sprints) Project II Level 2 (3/9 sprints) Project III Level 2 (5/12 sprints) Project IV Level 2 (5/10 sprint) TABLE IV TEAM RESULTS FOR THE SPRINT LATENCY: LEVELS INDICATING THE SPRINTS WITHOUT TIME GAP AMONG THEM. Figure 3 shows a comparison among projects, considering achievements evaluated. It is possible to notice that projects are in a similar stage. Project I is the best in two achievements, buts it is not so far from the others projects. Project IV has second bigger average number of Clockwork Developer, however it has the worse grades for two team achievements. This fact reveals an abnormal behavior. Interestingly, due to this apparent inconsistency, the company decided to do further investigations to understand the reasons behind this behavior. This investigation lead to the conclusion that the use of achievements not only may help engage teams into doing their work, but can also help monitor, control and improve the development using Scrum process as a whole. Given the results obtained, all team members that we talked to became interested in further developments of this work. Gamification stimulates the team, and the achievements together with the immediate feedback help all the involved people to be aware with their work. Of course, it is possible that the inclusion of achievements Fig. 3. Comparison of project teams using the proposed achievements. could stimulate some undesirable behavior, like the high competitiveness level of the individuals, affecting the team performance. However, we will apply a long term evaluation in order to analyze this effect together with another possibilities. VI. RUPGY: A SUPPORTING TOOL FOR SCRUM GAMMIFICATION The mapping of the proposed achievements in Scrum framework makes clear for us that the idea related to Scrum gamification could be useful in order to turn the software development in a amusing task. Based on this belief we propose here a set of RPG-like features to be integrated into a scrum-task-management tool. The goal is to include the game design features as an addon, implementing as many feedback mechanisms as possible, making the developers always aware of these mechanics. Firstly, we will list the standard features required from a taskmanagement software to make it eligible to incorporate the RUPGY elements. In Subsection VI-B, we suggest how the RPG concepts and features may be implemented and added to such software. A. Standard ScrumFeatures Required In this section we present only requirements related to a project management tool commonly used in Scrum-based software houses. The main goal of this tool is normally to register planning and to acomplish the sprints. Requirements are presented as a simple list of expressions, illustrating the concepts required, followed by an explanation that details the requirement and its use. • Project, backlog, release, sprints, and task containers. A software house must keep in touch all the information about the projects in execution. A project has several requirements, represented by the backlog, to be delivered in several iterations, each one composed of several tasks. All these relationships among the project, backlog, release, sprint and tasks must be recorded, since the achievements 549
proposed in this work requires the analysis of them in their own scope and branches to give immediate feedback. • Fine-grained logs for tasks (developer, time, requirement, discipline). It is fundamental to record the developer assigned to each task, the time spent for this execution, associated requirements, and the nature of the task (discipline). It must be easy to start, stop, pause and finish a task. Additionally, it is also important to create functions to help the developers remember doing this actions. • Scrum ceremonies. The Scrum framework is intensively based on ceremonies. These events have to be registered, in order to allow the achievements evaluation. It is necessary to register when, what, why, who, how and how many time. B. RUPGY Game-based Proposed Features RUPGY is a proposal to incorporate RPG-like mechanics to the everyday use of Scrum. The goal is to make the developer more aware of his programming character, creating emotional bonds with this virtual persona, and thus better engaging in his daily duties. In this section we list the desired features for RUPGY. • Character Attributes Engine. In RUPGY, the skills used to solve challenges are the software engineering disciplines (requirements, analysis, design, implementation, testing, project management) and since each task is related to one of these, the goal is to have the system compute the amount of experience the developer gains after finishing his assigned task. • Class Engine. Given that attributes are not chosen, the character class must also be automatically inferred based on the most used disciplines for each developer (programmer, tester, Scrum master, Product Owner). Similar to repetition achievements, each class must have a threshold scale of minimum experience point to reach different levels. • Achievements Engine. In our preliminary evaluation, we mined the achievements directly onto the task database. For the RUPGY tool, this feature must be automated, in order to give immediate feedback whenever an achievement is earned. • Immediate Feedback. Developers update the state of their tasks all the time. Sometimes, an update generate a status change in the related task, or even project. The system should give immediate feedback, both visual and audible, of this changes in the character attributes, level and achievements. • Character Profile Screen. The aforementioned character data must be available to the developer in a character profile screen, with historical information in graphical form. VII. CONCLUSION The Software Engineering has over 40 years of existence. There are advances in many directions but we are still researching and creating tools to solve the same problems registered 40 years ago, like projects running over-budget, projects running over-time and software often did not meet requirements. As mentioned by Brooks [1], there is no silver bullet. But it is necessary to change this activity in something that can engage developers more effectively. In this paper we showed that game mechanics can be applied to Scrum framework. This approach has the main goal of turning software development with Scrum in a more amusing task, like a game. In order to allow this we presented several achievements that can be incorporated to a Scrum, together with the mapping of challenge-graph from games to Scrum framework. We also presented a preliminary evaluation from a real software house. Some of the proposed achievements were evaluated against historical data. The results from this analysis showed that achievements can be an interesting metric to measure performance in this context, also helping to stimulate competition among developers. The feedback obtained from the team was encouraging (from informal inteviews), as everybody was impressed with the results and enthusiastic about the idea of incorporate even more mechanics into their activity. The next step in this research is the development of a Scrum-based project management tool incorporating all the suggestions made here. After this will be possible to run a long term experiment with even more development teams. REFERENCES [1] F. P. Brooks, Jr., “No silver bullet essence and accidents of software engineering,” Computer, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 10–19, Apr. 1987. [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MC.1987.1663532 [2] M. Fowler and J. Highsmith, “The Agile Manifesto,” In Software Development, Issue on Agile Methodologies, http://www.sdmagazine.com, last accessed on March 8th, 2006, Aug. 2001. [3] “State of Agile Development,” http://www.versionone.com/state of agile development survey/10/default.asp [last accessed: 2011-04-04], VersionOne, 2010. [Online]. Available: http://www.versionone.com/state of agile development survey/10/default.asp [4] K. Schwaber, Agile Project Management With Scrum. Redmond, WA, USA: Microsoft Press, 2004. [5] D. Takahashi, “Gamification gets its own conference,” http://venturebeat.com/2010/09/30/gamification-gets-its-ownconference/, September 2010. [6] A. Baker, E. O. Navarro, and A. V. D. Hoek, “Problems and programmers: An educational software engineering card game,” in In ICSE 03: Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Software Engineering. IEEE Computer Society, 2003, pp. 614–619. [7] A. Baker, E. O. Navarro, and A. van der Hoek, “An experimental card game for teaching software engineering processes,” Journal of Systems and Software, vol. 75, no. 1-2, pp. 3 – 16, 2005, software Engineering Education and Training. [Online]. Available: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0164121204000378 [8] E. Passos, D. Medeiros, P. S. Neto, and E. Clua, “Turning real-world software development into a game,” in In SBGAMEs 2011: Proceedings of the X Simpósio Brasileiro de Games e Entretenimento DIgital, Salvador, BA, Brazil, November 2011. [9] D. Cook, “What are game mechanics?” http://www.lostgarden.com/2006/10/what-are-game-mechanics.html, October 2006. [10] R. Koster and W. Wright, A Theory of Fun for Game Design. Paraglyph Press, 2004. [11] D. Cook, “What activities can be turned into games?” http://www.lostgarden.com/2008/06/what-actitivies-that-can-be-turnedinto.html , June 2008. 550
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SEKE San Francisco Bay July 1-3 201
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Copyright © 2012 by Knowledge Syst
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The 24 th International Conference
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Zhenyu Chen, Nanjing University, Ch
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Riccardo Martoglia, University of M
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Poster/Demo Sessions Co-Chairs Fars
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Evaluating the Cost-Effectiveness o
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Program Understanding Evaluating Op
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An Empirical Study of Execution-Dat
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Computer Forensics: Toward the Cons
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Modeling Bridging KDM and ASTM for
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A Mapping Study on Software Product
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A proposal for the improvement of t
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Panel on Future Trends of Software
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een available for analysis. Social
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The rest of this paper is orga nize
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Now we assume is given, we first pr
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“iphone” and “blackberry” a
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nique estimate the impact set based
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Figure 1. An example to illustrate
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trategy, the results should support
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Figure 1. System Architecture would
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Figure 2. Sequence Diagram of Train
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deployed on Android phone and runs
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the ontology information is only us
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Both kinds of axioms lead to an inh
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engineer and achieving requirements
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elicitation and the act ivities con
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Step 2. Step 3. 1.2. Use of Procedu
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Figure 6.b. Task: Cognitive Analysi
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original User’s Discourse / Speec
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II. RELATED WORK Business processes
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test, we did not find any significa
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For the indicator “requirements a
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the model checkers SPIN [8] and NuS
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allow for the presentation of syste
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the requirement or design phases sh
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using the CR estimates against the
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Data Set TABLE II. DATA SETS Artifa
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Figure 4. Relative Error in the Est
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Take basic requirements from user a
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sent Semantic Web Ontologies. It co
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The rest of the paper is organized
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and the risk level. Existing assess
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diagram could give developers an in
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Figure 2. Co
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• Sensor(Lexical): at the top and
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An Overview of the RSLingo Approach
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Figure 2. Overview of the RSLingo a
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DETECTING EMERGENT BEHAVIOR IN DIST
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Definition 2: For a set of MSCs M,
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Stability of Filter-Based Feature S
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Algorithm 1: Threshold-Based Featur
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MI KS GM AUC PRC S2N RUS35 RUS50 RO
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80
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82
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Cloud Application Resource Mapping
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Fig. 1. UML Collaboration Diagram m
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Fig. 2. UML Activity Diagram modeli
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An Empirical Study of Software Metr
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TABLE I SOFTWARE DATASETS CHARACTER
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1) Classifiers: In this study, soft
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Progressive Clustering with Learned
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IV. DATA SOURCES We have been worki
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meta-data we assign to indicate sig
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Multi-Objective Optimization of Fuz
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uilding FNNs that satisfy different
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VI. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS The presen
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Generating Performance Test Scripts
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test duration(s) for the scenario(s
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which are composed by the name and
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A Catalog of Patterns for Concept L
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assisted solution for lattice analy
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The complete lattice of the class s
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Client-Side Rendering Mechanism: A
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JavaScript code directly within the
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Fig. 6. CPU usage percentage of pre
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may introduce the extra learning cu
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[9] but no validation is provided i
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One of the st udents from Group B t
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scribed by the equation: where η i
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4 Model Checking DPN We use HyTech
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Recommender systems are usually cla
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such as one week and gradually dete
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•
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146
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Enforcing Contracts for Aspect-orie
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Table 1. Behavioral Rules in LSD [9
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1 public privileged aspect Update {
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Towards More Generic Aspect-Oriente
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vals must be denoted by some notion
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Aspect-Orientation in the Developme
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Table II SELECTED PRIMARY STUDIES #
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Evaluating Open Source Reverse Engi
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Table 1. Candidate reverse engineer
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Some tools may perform the needed f
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Coordination Model to Support Visua
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this CMV approach we employee three
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colored according to the Gradient T
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Improving Program Comprehension in
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The method used to support and eval
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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An Approach for Software Component
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properties. In particular, the foll
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Conference Dataset Anatomy Dataset
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equipment maintenance node may cont
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Online Anomaly Detection for Compon
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B. Monitoring Static Method Invocat
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undle which is responsible for pars
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An Exploratory Study of One-Use and
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Figure 1. Mindmap of Reuse Design P
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subject also caused outliers for re
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Choosing licenses in free open sour
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The important aspect is to provide
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that holds a model of each software
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Online Probability Application Char
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TABLE II THE PARAMETERS FOR THE HAR
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[10] N. Gunther, “Hit-and-run tac
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Section 5 d iscusses some related w
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model and the analysis results. The
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tree view of UML model, as show in
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II. BACKGROUND In this section, we
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Algorithm 2 MarkStatements function
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(a) printtok (b) printtok2 (c) sche
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Gupta extended HGS and proposed the
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manage intellectual knowledge with
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D. Manage Training When any trainin
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TABLE II. COMPARISON BETWEEN THE EX
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B. Trace Semantics of DAP Fig. 1. A
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∀ [DR ′ ] []gen [; ] [D]□ [;
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transformation idea in MDA [13] . T
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MappingRule MappingTGtoHP { [Rule I
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executing a continuous transition,
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protocol of DATS we used is properl
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in Boolean search and reasoning has
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to be broken by expelling one of it
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where, among other things: 1. The t
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A never-ending language learner cal
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4. i 2 Learning(DEC, mex) via Bias
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4.4. An Illustrative Example Now le
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Evolutionary Learning and Fuzzy Log
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In addition to the rules, the knowl
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As described in the previous sectio
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the ontology hierarchy; learning a
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three different learning techniques
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TABLE IX. USING SVM FOR LEARNING tr
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Siemens set contains seven C progra
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The program tcas is not included be
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esults. To be more specific, they w
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According to IEEE [10], regression
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(a) Volatility (b) Complexity (c) R
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It mimics the test engineer knowled
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integrate the test results. • Aut
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No tify the cloud controller to get
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of execution-data classification. T
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Figure 1. Boxplots of average AUC r
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anches is more applicable than the
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To validate the proposed approach,
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contains broadcast of Subject to Ob
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S 1a=1; S 2b=5; cobegin { S 3read
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.
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298
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A functionality is the ability of a
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level); in UML/J2EE technology [11]
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• to provide a unified catalogue
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flexibility they provide to model s
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complete in zero-time, and thus hav
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figure assumes the experiment with
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could be a practical way of dealing
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and (iv) the reduced amount of line
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III.BUSINESS RULES FRAMEWORK FOR KN
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explanation for why the program wan
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A model introducing SOAs quality at
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there exist a hierarchical ranking
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Software as a Service: Undo Hernán
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operations consist in reinjection i
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stored. If event failure, external
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ensure users the trustworthiness of
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Patient Doctor Doctor Patient Direc
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going down at a time. This is a rea
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Decidability of Minimal Supports of
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A S 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1
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satisfies R( D) R( C) S 1. Compa
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Automated Generation of Concurrent
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target of testing. A blackbox test
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sequence. Each t i θ i in the firi
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SAMAT -AToolforSoftware Architectur
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Figure 4. The SAM Hierarchical Mode
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High-level Petri net Place Place Ty
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verification and thus is often limi
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(r 1 r 2 ...r k ) 1 denotes Path [r
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Fig. 3. Example a 3-compound weakly
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necessary before verification. In t
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CTL formula as: AG (( jp EX( jp ad
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equirements level, like EA-Miner [1
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II. RESOURCE-ORIENTED WORKFLOW MODE
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eventually triggers a co mmon task.
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Input: A resource oriented workflow
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access control exists, the action i
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(ACCDA), is customized to address a
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ICrudSchema and shown in Figure 3.
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Connectors for Secure Software Arch
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Non-repudiation security service pr
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anAsynchronousCustomer InterfaceCon
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How Social Network APIs Have Ended
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OSN Social Feed Unique Features Con
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users can control the reach of thei
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Computer Forensics: Toward the Cons
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In 2009, Cohen et al. in [4] have o
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dcterms:contributor, dcterms:creato
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A Holistic Approach to Software Tra
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Figure 1. Figure 1 shows an overvie
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B. Case study in a proprietary proj
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Pointcut Design with AODL Saqib iqb
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system attributes, methods and exec
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Feature modeling and Verification b
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hasOptionalPart hasPart hasMandato
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A Context Ontology Model for Pervas
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Figure 1. UML view of the model. Th
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Figure 3. Architecture for deliveri
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Ontology-based Representation of Si
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Figure 2. Upper Ontology fragment f
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I2Sim simulation model was transfor
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An ontology-based approach for stor
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fying the equivalences between conc
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• Homonymy conflicts: occur when
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Automatic Generation of Architectur
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we dealt w ith the verticals rules.
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Towards Architectural Evolution thr
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different from replacing it, we dec
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Using FCA-based Change Impact Analy
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Table 2. Impact set of C1,C2,C5 cha
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Figure 3. The PF and PTS results fo
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Forecasting Fault Events in Power D
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which the airport data did not cont
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classified. Recall is the probabili
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Testing Interoperability Security P
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Figure 2. Overview of the Test Gene
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Objective Figure 4. Testing
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A New Approach to Evaluate Path Fea
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k v ( df i ) 0 , it means that the
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Model & Method Feasibility Evaluati
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Structural Testing for Multithreade
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adequate to another criterion. This
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A Tiny Specification Metalanguage W
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C. Syntax Extensions The expressive
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however, does not allow variables f
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derivation dependencies. The third
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model extension as proposed in [6].
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Figure 1. The process for engineeri
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Page 543 and 544: DC2AP Element and their Application
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Page 553 and 554: cess. The proposal follows the ADM
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Page 567 and 568: Figure 1, a metamodel defines an XM
Page 569 and 570: Figure 3 is a feature diagram that
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Page 583 and 584: C. Dependent Variables and Measures
Page 585 and 586: D. Conclusion Validity Conclusion v
Page 587 and 588: evaluation of team productivity, qu
Page 589 and 590: Figure 3: Process Fragment Example
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Page 599 and 600: Investigating the use of Bayesian n
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Page 603 and 604: Reuse of Experiences Applied to Req
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Page 611 and 612: Using the Results from a Systematic
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In the following, we present the re
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USE SCENARIO The application Vuelos
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[8] Mayhew, D., “The Usability En
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Interaction State Set Structure Dat
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B. Component Model Fig. 2 show s th
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As a continuation of our research w
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PROMETHEE methods [3] belong to a f
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comparison rule, a value of 1/9 is
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TABLE V: Supermatrix for the exampl
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for knowledge sharing. Based on str
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y applying hash functions to its su
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Empirical Validation of Variability
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III. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY In this sec
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Table III SPEARMAN’S CORRELATION
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A Mapping Study on Software Product
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most relevant sources in software e
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TABLE IV TOOL’S CLASSIFICATION AC
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[2] P. Clements and L. Northrop, So
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and future works. II. BACKGROUND ON
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System Advanced Standard Module A M
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Algorithm 1: Backtracking for MIN-A
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outcomes from such research fields,
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TABLE IV. CONTINUED FROM PREVIOUS P
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contribution of each study was made
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assets, the plugin approach can be
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Figure 3: PlugSPL Feature Model Edi
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contributions from the several acto
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o Guideline 6.4: Softgoal dependenc
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descriptions must also b e configur
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It means that throughout the develo
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B. Instrumentation The experiment w
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• External Validity: W e have con
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II. THE PROPOSED TAXONOMY The taxon
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sub-dimension is categorized as, co
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A Proposal of Reference Architectur
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Figure. 1. Reference Architecture M
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A Variability Management Method for
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C. Correctness of configuration fil
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means patterns which are shown in s
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Tool Support for Anomaly Detection
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Figure 1. System overview of the SD
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Once the datasets were evaluated us
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Reconfiguration of Robot Applicatio
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data dependencies required for keep
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Spacemaker: Practical Formal Synthe
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Fig. 1. The ecommerce object model.
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Fig. 3. Mapping diagram for Figure
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A formal support for incremental be
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machine may be empty which should l
Page 727 and 728:
software, based on revised requirem
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A Process-Based Approach to Improvi
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Appropriate processes m ust support
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Figure 2. Reordered layers of the k
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Automatic Acquisition of isA Relati
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III. VALIDATING THE DIMENSION HEADE
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The table title and the dimension s
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A light weight alternative for OLAP
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i.d. subsets of cubes focused on se
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Match production rules Enterprise S
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A Tool for Visualization of a Knowl
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other ontology visualization tools
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shown at Figure 5. Objectives are s
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Rendering UML Activity Diagrams as
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a = O1 → a → O2 b = O2 → b
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ecordProblem → A → reproducePro
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umlTUowl - A Both Generic and Vendo
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The tool’s ability to deal with S
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Elem. UML Example D 12 Harmonizing
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4) Associations: In the first test
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III. GRAPH REPRESENTATION OF CLASS
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as an add-in to popular UML m odeli
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742
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744
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746
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her necessities. However, the progr
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Figure 3. Global Log. of terms. The
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two stages. The first stage is focu
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754
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756
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758
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With the GDUC approach, we can mode
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Figure 6. Three proposals containin
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764
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766
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Proactive Two Way Mobile Advertisem
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information. If more than one adver
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Users can al so publish adv ertisem
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The COIN Platform: Supporting the M
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A-3
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Checking Contracts for AOP using XP
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Maicon B. da Silveira, 112 Aldo Dag
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Seyedehmehrnaz Mireslami, 70 Takao
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Wei Zhang, 422 Wenbo Zhang, 188 Zhi
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Desmond Greer Eric Gregoire Christi
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Poster/Demo Presenter’s Index A A
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SEKE 2012 Proceedings - Knowledge Systems Institute

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