Powertrain 2020 - The Future Drives Electric (PDF ... - Roland Berger

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38 | Study For high-end applications, most car manufacturers use permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). The main design difference between these and induction motors is that PMSMs feature permanent magnets in the rotor that generate the second magnetic field. This allows the rotor to rotate at the same speed as the revolving magnetic field generated in the stator (hence the "synchronous"). The entire supply current can be used to generate the stator field, providing more torque per power input than induction motors, especially at low motor speeds. PMSMs also have disadvantages, however. These include higher production costs (due to the expensive permanent magnets and more complex manufacturing process), lower efficiency at higher speeds (due to undesired currents in the stator created by the permanent magnets) and a high braking torque in case of short circuit.
39 | "Powertrain 2020 – The Future Drives Electric" Current-excited synchronous motors are a design alternative to PMSMs that avoid using permanent magnets which require rare earths, mainly sourced from China at great cost. Besides induction motors and PMSMs, the two main types of motor currently used in automotive applications, engineers are currently investigating a number of other types of electric motors. In fact, DC motors are the only type of motor that is generally ruled out from vehicle application, as their low specific power and efficiency make them very unattractive for application in vehicles. Only innovative, brushless DC motors could potentially make a difference here. Two other types of motor in particular are currently in development. These are switched reluctance motors (SRMs) and transverse flux motors (TFMs). SRMs enjoy very low production costs, even lower than those for induction motors. This is thanks to their very simple rotor structure and lack of permanent magnets. SRMs use magnetic reluctance to generate torque. The stator magnetic field causes a magnetic flux through the specially designed rotor. SRM (switched reluctance motor)
Page 1: Michael Valentine-Urbschat, Dr. Wol
Page 4 and 5: 2 | Study Contents Executive summar
Page 6 and 7: 4 | Study 1. High-power and high-en
Page 8 and 9: 6 | Study Introduction There can be
Page 10 and 11: 8 | Study These developments have r
Page 12 and 13: 10 | Study To achieve this ambitiou
Page 14 and 15: 12 | Study 1.2 Regulatory framework
Page 16 and 17: 14 | Study The Chinese domestic aut
Page 18 and 19: 16 | Study 1.2.2 Support for resear
Page 20 and 21: 18 | Study 1.2.3 Steering demand In
Page 22 and 23: 20 | Study 1.2.4 Authorities and lo
Page 24 and 25: 22 | Study In Japan, Honda's new mi
Page 26 and 27: 24 | Study Full hybrid powertrains
Page 28 and 29: 26 | Study Most of the technologies
Page 30 and 31: 28 | Study
Page 32 and 33: 30 | Study If most of the powertrai
Page 34 and 35: 32 | Study OEMs selling in the Euro
Page 36 and 37: 34 | Study PHEVs can take a number
Page 38 and 39: 36 | Study The new versions will mo
Page 42 and 43: 40 | Study To follow the path of le
Page 44 and 45: 42 | Study Battery charger When an
Page 46 and 47: 44 | Study But Li-Ion batteries hav
Page 48 and 49: 46 | Study The exact chemical make-
Page 50 and 51: 48 | Study Battery costs will mainl
Page 52 and 53: 50 | Study To summarize, battery te
Page 54 and 55: 52 | Study 2.2.3.5 Conclusions As w
Page 56 and 57: 54 | Study 3. Scenarios for the dev
Page 58 and 59: 56 | Study 3.2.1 Meeting customers'
Page 60 and 61: 58 | Study Model 2: "Like gas stati
Page 62 and 63: 60 | Study The first generation of
Page 64 and 65: 62 | Study 3.2.2 Attractive pricing
Page 66 and 67: 64 | Study Driver 3b: Battery price
Page 68 and 69: 66 | Study For all intents and purp
Page 70 and 71: 68 | Study Given these uncertaintie
Page 72 and 73: 70 | Study 4. Impact on the mobilit
Page 74 and 75: 72 | Study 4.2.2 Raw materials for
Page 76 and 77: 74 | Study At the same time, key Eu
Page 78 and 79: 76 | Study 4.4.1 Financial burden a
Page 80 and 81: 78 | Study 4.5 Infrastructure and e
Page 82 and 83: 80 | Study 4.7 Summary The coming c
Page 84 and 85: 82 | Study What does the story of t
Page 86 and 87: 84 | Study But, in addition to all
Page 88 and 89: 86 | Study Synthesis: Define your g
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88 | Study Step 3: Define your posi
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90 | Study > In early phases, autom
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92 | Study Implementation and timin
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94 | Study Co-authors Ralf Kalmbach
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96 | Study Co-authors Jesus Salvado
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Powertrain 2020 - The Future Drives Electric (PDF ... - Roland Berger

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