Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology - CYF MEDICAL DISTRIBUTION

More documents

Recommendations

Info

OPIOID ANTAGONISTS Adverse effects ● Respiratory depression is minimal with nalbuphine, with no clinical effect upon the cardiovascular system. ● It will produce some sedation. duration is reported to be dependent on the dose administered. In one laboratory study in dogs, nalmefene (0.03 mg/kg IV) was found to still be effective against oxymorphone (4.5 mg IV) at 4 h. It has been demonstrated to be effective for up to 8 h in humans. Nalmefene Nalmefene is a newer pure opioid antagonist that has a longer duration of action than naloxone. The effective 329
15 Cancer chemotherapy Jane M Dobson, Ann E Hohenhaus and Anne E Peaston INTRODUCTION Cancer is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in pet cats and dogs and as awareness and diagnosis of this disease increase, so too does the demand for treatment. Surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy are conventionally the three main methods of cancer treatment. Surgery and radiation are used in management of localized solid tumors, e.g. mammary carcinoma and soft tissue sarcoma, whereas chemotherapy is primarily used for management of systemically disseminated or multifocal malignant tumors. However, these treatments are not mutually exclusive and the optimum treatment for a particular patient may be achieved through multimodal therapy combining, for example, surgical management of a primary tumor (amputation of a limb affected by osteosarcoma) with systemic chemotherapy to try to prevent or delay development of systemic microscopic metastases. The prerequisite to treatment selection is a definitive tumor diagnosis, preferably by histopathology, and a thorough examination of the patient to determine the extent of the disease in terms of local invasion at the primary site, lymph node involvement and distant metastasis. A medical evaluation of the patient is also required to identify any concomitant health problems, e.g. renal or hepatic disease, which may compromise the patient’s ability to tolerate treatment. The feasibility and likely success of treatment are determined by the type, grade and extent of the tumor. Clearly a cure, i.e. total eradication of all tumor stem cells, is the desirable outcome but even the most effective methods of treatment currently available cannot achieve this aim in every case. Prolonged palliation in conditions such as lymphoma is an achievable and acceptable goal. The decision to treat an animal with cancer is one which must be made jointly by the veterinarian (bearing in mind the type of tumor, its extent, the facilities and experience available) and the owner. and all involved must be clear on the goals, whether the intention of treatment is curative or palliative. GENERAL INDICATIONS FOR CHEMOTHERAPY The general indications for chemotherapy in small animal practice are as follows. ● Primary treatment of chemosensitive local or systemic tumors with curative intent, e.g. transmissible venereal tumor. ● Palliative intent, e.g. hematological malignancies, lymphoma/sarcoma. ● Adjuvant treatment in cases of malignant solid tumors with a high risk of metastasis. In these cases chemotherapy is used after surgical removal/irradiation of the primary and is directed against microscopic metastatic disease. In animals this is usually with palliative intent in tumors such as canine osteosarcoma. ● Neo-adjuvant treatment is when chemotherapy is used prior to surgery/radiation of the primary tumor with the intention of reducing the size of the primary mass and thus enhancing the chance of successful surgical removal or facilitating radiotherapy. This approach is not common, but has been investigated in dogs with osteosarcoma. This application has the possible advantage of enabling the clinician to estimate tumor chemosensitivity. However, if the tumor is nonresponsive, a serious disadvantage is the delay in institution of effective therapy. RELEVANT PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF CANCER The genetic changes which occur in the transformation of normal cells to neoplasia enable cancer cells to proliferate excessively without the need for external growth signals, to develop a limitless capacity to replicate, to evade apoptosis, to stimulate and sustain angiogenesis and to invade adjacent tissues and metastasize. Of all these features of malignancy, cellular growth and division are the main targets of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs. Novel agents targeting angiogenesis are in 330
Page 1 and 2:
An imprint of Elsevier Limited © E
Page 3 and 4:
CONTRIBUTORS Matthias J Kleinz Depa
Page 5 and 6:
Dedication To Tom, Rosalind and Jim
Page 7 and 8:
CHAPTER 1 PRINCIPLES OF CLINICAL PH
Page 9 and 10:
Page 11 and 12:
Page 13 and 14:
Page 15 and 16:
Page 17 and 18:
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
CHAPTER 2 CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
Page 41 and 42:
Page 43 and 44:
Page 45 and 46:
Page 47 and 48:
CHAPTER 3 ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS Un
Page 49 and 50:
CHAPTER 3 ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS to
Page 51 and 52:
CHAPTER 3 ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS
Page 53 and 54:
CHAPTER 3 ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS He
Page 55 and 56:
CHAPTER 3 ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS an
Page 57 and 58:
CHAPTER 3 ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS wh
Page 59 and 60:
CHAPTER 3 ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS at
Page 61 and 62:
CHAPTER 3 ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS Ps
Page 63 and 64:
CHAPTER 3 ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS su
Page 65 and 66:
CHAPTER 4 THE PHARMACOLOGY OF THE A
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
CHAPTER 5 ANESTHETIC AGENTS However
Page 91 and 92:
CHAPTER 5 ANESTHETIC AGENTS The gre
Page 93 and 94:
CHAPTER 5 ANESTHETIC AGENTS Table 5
Page 95 and 96:
CHAPTER 5 ANESTHETIC AGENTS doses.
Page 97 and 98:
CHAPTER 5 ANESTHETIC AGENTS ● hig
Page 99 and 100:
CHAPTER 5 ANESTHETIC AGENTS concent
Page 101 and 102:
CHAPTER 5 ANESTHETIC AGENTS X R 3 C
Page 103 and 104:
CHAPTER 5 ANESTHETIC AGENTS Emergen
Page 105 and 106:
CHAPTER 5 ANESTHETIC AGENTS inhalat
Page 107 and 108:
CHAPTER 5 ANESTHETIC AGENTS and enh
Page 109 and 110:
CHAPTER 5 ANESTHETIC AGENTS ● Exc
Page 111 and 112:
CHAPTER 5 ANESTHETIC AGENTS Pharmac
Page 113 and 114:
CHAPTER 5 ANESTHETIC AGENTS Central
Page 115 and 116:
CHAPTER 5 ANESTHETIC AGENTS Table 5
Page 117 and 118:
CHAPTER 5 ANESTHETIC AGENTS FURTHER
Page 119 and 120:
CHAPTER 6 SEDATIVES ● noradrenali
Page 121 and 122:
CHAPTER 6 SEDATIVES treatment, with
Page 123 and 124:
CHAPTER 6 SEDATIVES Benzodiazepines
Page 125 and 126:
CHAPTER 6 SEDATIVES It is not misci
Page 127 and 128:
CHAPTER 6 SEDATIVES respectively. H
Page 129 and 130:
CHAPTER 6 SEDATIVES Table 6.1 Sugge
Page 131 and 132:
7 Behavior-modifying drugs Kersti S
Page 133 and 134:
CHAPTER 7 BEHAVIOR-MODIFYING DRUGS
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
8 Antibacterial drugs Jill E Maddis
Page 155 and 156:
CHAPTER 8 ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS phary
Page 157 and 158:
CHAPTER 8 ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS dose
Page 159 and 160:
CHAPTER 8 ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS Table
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
CHAPTER 8 ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS Bacte
Page 165 and 166:
CHAPTER 8 ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS lacta
Page 167 and 168:
CHAPTER 8 ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS Antis
Page 169 and 170:
CHAPTER 8 ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS intri
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
CHAPTER 8 ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS inter
Page 175 and 176:
CHAPTER 8 ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS Teico
Page 177 and 178:
CHAPTER 8 ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS less
Page 179 and 180:
CHAPTER 8 ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS Diffe
Page 181 and 182:
CHAPTER 8 ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS forms
Page 183 and 184:
CHAPTER 8 ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS ● I
Page 185 and 186:
CHAPTER 8 ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS In an
Page 187 and 188:
CHAPTER 8 ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS ● R
Page 189 and 190:
CHAPTER 8 ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS RIFAM
Page 191 and 192:
9 Systemic antifungal therapy Josep
Page 193 and 194:
CHAPTER 9 SYSTEMIC ANTIFUNGAL THERA
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
10 Antiparasitic drugs Stephen W Pa
Page 205 and 206:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS ●
Page 207 and 208:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS Tabl
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS leva
Page 217 and 218:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS ●
Page 219 and 220:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS Adve
Page 221 and 222:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS Mech
Page 223 and 224:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS Form
Page 225 and 226:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS Mech
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS prod
Page 231 and 232:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS Lufe
Page 233 and 234:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS Adve
Page 235 and 236:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS 62.5
Page 237 and 238:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS incr
Page 239 and 240:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS rest
Page 241 and 242:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS The
Page 243 and 244:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS 238
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS In a
Page 249 and 250:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS func
Page 251 and 252:
CHAPTER 10 ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS Para
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Page 267 and 268:
CHAPTER 11 GLUCOCORTICOSTEROIDS AND
Page 269 and 270:
Page 271 and 272:
Page 273 and 274:
Page 275 and 276:
12 Immunomodulatory therapy Michael
Page 277 and 278:
CHAPTER 12 IMMUNOMODULATORY THERAPY
Page 279 and 280:
Page 281 and 282:
Page 283 and 284: CHAPTER 12 IMMUNOMODULATORY THERAPY
Page 293 and 294: CHAPTER 13 NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAM
Page 315 and 316: CHAPTER 14 OPIOID ANALGESICS inflam
Page 317 and 318: A Agonist opioid (morphine) B Parti
Page 319 and 320: CHAPTER 14 OPIOID ANALGESICS admini
Page 321 and 322: CHAPTER 14 OPIOID ANALGESICS may ac
Page 323 and 324: CHAPTER 14 OPIOID ANALGESICS Small
Page 325 and 326: CHAPTER 14 OPIOID ANALGESICS Clinic
Page 327 and 328: CHAPTER 14 OPIOID ANALGESICS Contra
Page 329 and 330: CHAPTER 14 OPIOID ANALGESICS respon
Page 331 and 332: CHAPTER 14 OPIOID ANALGESICS Advers
Page 333: CHAPTER 14 OPIOID ANALGESICS Advers
Page 337 and 338: CHAPTER 15 CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY to m
Page 339 and 340: CHAPTER 15 CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY curr
Page 341 and 342: CHAPTER 15 CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY Tabl
Page 343 and 344: CHAPTER 15 CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY Clin
Page 345 and 346: CHAPTER 15 CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY sion
Page 347 and 348: CHAPTER 15 CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY In t
Page 349 and 350: CHAPTER 15 CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY afte
Page 351 and 352: CHAPTER 15 CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY Phar
Page 353 and 354: CHAPTER 15 CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY Form
Page 355 and 356: CHAPTER 15 CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY conc
Page 357 and 358: CHAPTER 15 CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY ●
Page 359 and 360: CHAPTER 15 CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY Phar
Page 361 and 362: CHAPTER 15 CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY in t
Page 363 and 364: CHAPTER 15 CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY Adve
Page 365 and 366: CHAPTER 15 CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY best
Page 367 and 368: CHAPTER 15 CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY Form
Page 369 and 370: CHAPTER 15 CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY baso
Page 371 and 372: CHAPTER 15 CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY D-MA
Page 373 and 374: CHAPTER 16 ANTICONVULSANT DRUGS sei
Page 375 and 376: CHAPTER 16 ANTICONVULSANT DRUGS bit
Page 377 and 378: CHAPTER 16 ANTICONVULSANT DRUGS Kno
Page 379 and 380: CHAPTER 16 ANTICONVULSANT DRUGS Mec
Page 381 and 382: CHAPTER 16 ANTICONVULSANT DRUGS rap
Page 383 and 384: CHAPTER 16 ANTICONVULSANT DRUGS exc
Page 385 and 386:
17 Drugs used in the management of
Page 387 and 388:
CHAPTER 17 DRUGS USED IN THE MANAGE
Page 389 and 390:
Page 391 and 392:
Page 393 and 394:
Page 395 and 396:
Page 397 and 398:
Page 399 and 400:
Page 401 and 402:
Page 403 and 404:
Page 405 and 406:
Page 407 and 408:
Page 409 and 410:
Page 411 and 412:
Page 413 and 414:
Page 415 and 416:
Page 417 and 418:
Page 419 and 420:
Page 421 and 422:
Page 423 and 424:
Page 425 and 426:
Page 427 and 428:
Page 429 and 430:
Page 431 and 432:
Page 433 and 434:
Page 435 and 436:
Page 437 and 438:
Page 439 and 440:
Page 441 and 442:
Page 443 and 444:
Page 445 and 446:
Page 447 and 448:
Page 449 and 450:
Page 451 and 452:
Page 453 and 454:
Page 455 and 456:
Page 457 and 458:
Page 459 and 460:
Page 461 and 462:
Page 463 and 464:
Page 465 and 466:
Page 467 and 468:
Page 469 and 470:
Page 471 and 472:
Page 473 and 474:
Page 475 and 476:
CHAPTER 19 GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS C
Page 477 and 478:
CHAPTER 19 GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS r
Page 479 and 480:
CHAPTER 19 GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS
Page 481 and 482:
CHAPTER 19 GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS c
Page 483 and 484:
CHAPTER 19 GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS w
Page 485 and 486:
Page 487 and 488:
CHAPTER 19 GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS F
Page 489 and 490:
CHAPTER 19 GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS i
Page 491 and 492:
CHAPTER 19 GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS L
Page 493 and 494:
CHAPTER 19 GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS P
Page 495 and 496:
CHAPTER 19 GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS F
Page 497 and 498:
Page 499 and 500:
CHAPTER 19 GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS Z
Page 501 and 502:
CHAPTER 19 GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS
Page 503 and 504:
Page 505 and 506:
Page 507 and 508:
Page 509 and 510:
Page 511 and 512:
Page 513 and 514:
Page 515 and 516:
CHAPTER 21 DRUGS USED IN THE TREATM
Page 517 and 518:
Page 519 and 520:
Page 521 and 522:
Page 523 and 524:
Page 525 and 526:
Page 527 and 528:
Page 529 and 530:
Page 531 and 532:
Page 533 and 534:
23 Drugs and reproduction Philip G
Page 535 and 536:
CHAPTER 23 DRUGS AND REPRODUCTION I
Page 537 and 538:
CHAPTER 23 DRUGS AND REPRODUCTION F
Page 539 and 540:
CHAPTER 23 DRUGS AND REPRODUCTION C
Page 541 and 542:
CHAPTER 23 DRUGS AND REPRODUCTION M
Page 543 and 544:
Page 545 and 546:
CHAPTER 23 DRUGS AND REPRODUCTION n
Page 547 and 548:
CHAPTER 23 DRUGS AND REPRODUCTION E
Page 549 and 550:
Page 551 and 552:
24 Topical dermatological therapy R
Page 553 and 554:
CHAPTER 24 TOPICAL DERMATOLOGICAL T
Page 555 and 556:
Page 557 and 558:
Page 559 and 560:
Page 561 and 562:
Page 563 and 564:
CHAPTER 25 OCULAR CLINICAL PHARMACO
Page 565 and 566:
Page 567 and 568:
Page 569 and 570:
Page 571 and 572:
Page 573 and 574:
Page 575 and 576:
Page 577 and 578:
Page 579 and 580:
Index A α-adrenergic receptors 70,
Page 581 and 582:
INDEX Antiplatelet drugs 456-457 pi
Page 583 and 584:
INDEX Ceftazidime 168 Ceftiofur 166
Page 585 and 586:
INDEX Drug receptors 4-8 Drug-drug
Page 587 and 588:
INDEX Hepatic excretion 33 Hepatic
Page 589 and 590:
INDEX Metabolism dogs vs cats 47 an
Page 591 and 592:
INDEX Pentazocine 319, 327 Pentobar
Page 593 and 594:
INDEX Semicarbazone 230 Septic arth
show all

Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology - CYF MEDICAL DISTRIBUTION

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?