soil-conservation-people-religion-and-land.pdf - South West NRM

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attention at an early date. Advisors will have their greatest effect on land management if they encourage the self-help groups to identify their own problems and to "own the solution^^^. This can be best achieved by evaluating causes and alternative solutions through vigorous and open group dynamics in which a majority of landholders are involved. In this way, land care, soil erosion and loss of fauna and flora will hopefully no longer be regarded as the government's problems waiting for the government's action. Confusion on Sustainable Land Use Predictably the rapidly emerging new approaches have led to uncertainty and insecurity on the part of those in leadership roles in producer groups, extension services, research organizations and educational institutions. The way to overcome the present tentative stance is to begin by discussing goals and objectives, in an effort to reach agreement on the targets of land care as a nation-wide movement of potentially immense significance. What are we trying to do? Who are the players? What are their roles? These are the questions that need to be seriously addressed within the concept of "~ustainability~~ as the guiding principle. The author has long grappled with the bewildering complexities of the large number of inter-related factors which contribute to sustainable rural production and llecological healthu of Australia's country districts. The result of what Odum has termed "the struggle for perspectivew, can be stated in simple tabular form as shown in Table 1, The Elements of Sustainable Agriculture (Roberts, 1989) . In essence the four factors in the right hand column are the targets which managers should aim at, whatever their production system. These can be achieved by a variety of practical methods on the property. It is suggested that if these four requirements are met, the system will be sustainable. Initially, it is not necessary to quantify in any precise way, the acceptable level of achievement within each criterion, provided the direction and trend is positive. Specious arguments about what is sustainable, become irrelevant in this initial stage of improving land management. It is suggested that these four targets are unlikely to be met unless the initial decisions on land capability (in the left hand column) are made correctly in the first place. These concern the fundamental issues of suitable slopes, clearing and carrying capacity. The central column of the table represents the elements of the socio-political framework required for acceptance and implementation of permanent production systems. The "ifs and buts" arising from any attempt to crystalize thinking about a complex situation, must of necessity lead to qualifications and additions to the "barev1 statements. Consideration of how each of the four target criteria can be achieved indicates how tree planting, wildlife habitat and the
use of fire are incorporated as building blocks of balanced land use programmes. The -0ueensland Situation This state presently has 27 Land Use Committees and a network of 33 departmental locations offering support with advice and mapping in property planning and management. In addition, the departments of Forestry, National Parks and Lands have district offices which can contribute practical information and assistance in a range of land use activities. The CSIRO has the capacity to undertake valuable research in most regions. Producer organizations based on cattle, grain, sheep, sugar, fruit and timber offer branch networks through which widespread information dissemination can be effectively achieved. The state-wide Rural Fires Board, TAFE colleges and tertiary institutions can offer a wide range of community education programmes to meet the needs of Land Care committees. The challenge now is to work together to gain firstly a commitment by landholders and advisors to a combined search for sustainable land use systems and secondly to reach an improved level of inter-organizational cooperation and teamwork. To achieve these objectives some of the narrow parochialism which has put departmental or group cudos before the greater cause of sound land management will have to be overridden by the national urgency of arresting irreversible degradation processes. References Anonymous. 1978. A Basis for Soil Conservation Policy in Australia: Dept. Environment and Housing, Canberra, A.G.P.S. Anonymous. 1988. Annual Report National Soil Conservation Programme, Canberra, A.G.P.S. Douglas, J. 1988. A Proposal to Establish Land Care Programmes for Australian Agriculture. Cattlemen's Union, Rockhampton, Queensland. Odum, E. 1971. Fundamentals of Ecology. Saunders & Co., Philadelphia. Roberts, B. 1989. The Elements of Sustainable Agriculture. Key Centre Workshop on Sustainable Agriculture, Roseworthy Agricultural College, South Australia.
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SOUL CObJSERVATION PEOPLE, RELIGION
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with " Generous sod", Dennis displa
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Stewardship - What Is It? Stewartls
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the earth's resources. However, it
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Certainly the earth and thus man, w
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That each Church set up a commissio
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LET THE RED VAN SPEAK In 1854 "the
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WHAT SHOULD WE TEACH What must the
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established a dualism of man and na
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R IBLIOGRAPHY Anonymous. 1985. Stat
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PREFACE : This paper has been writt
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vital supplies. The once-heroic pio
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to land use decision-making which t
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a approach for Australia. The dange
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As Ashby points out past experience
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exclusive right to use the land, ne
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matter. They certainly don't do tha
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a constraint on our freedom of acti
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and every individual creature and t
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Christians was noted. Both display
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Nature's Harmonies'. As David Lowen
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key phrases in Genesis are: "Have d
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Can Values and ~thics be Taught? Pl
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"The university's job may not be th
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coming generations. The list below
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National goals should change as pro
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indicators can continue to progress
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the problems of the present. It sho
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Cook, E. 1970. Environmental Ethics
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Santmire, H. P. 1970. Brother Earth
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--- - - - - - I. ORGANISATION AND I
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7' - - F a - - present parties, hav
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5. Res~onsibilitv of Faculties of A
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A -- 15. Role of Urban-Based conser
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FEDERAL STATE LOCAL EDUCATION l N C
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- - --< -- - I. ORGANISATION AND IN
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present parties, have failed to con
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Responsibilitv of Faculties of Agri
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15. Role of Urban-Based Conservatio
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FEDERAL STATE LOCAL EXTENSION LANDH
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government. In this way the long-st
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on a permanent basis. 8. -Role -- -
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%==. 10. Wider Use of Group Methods
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N0113V UOJ S31V3S3Lnlll QNV S13A31
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11. In Queensland, about 40% of nat
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Earth Garden, May 1 986 speak or th
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combines very small holdings with s
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The stages of cultural and ecologic
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The role of trees in controlling so
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proportions,. - _ 6. We must bring-
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an Land Degrad By Brian Roberts The
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principles ror de~elopment In \uch
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Exposed clay subsoil following seve
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evide~~c-to indicate that this situ
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the field and the proportion of exi
Page 146 and 147: A.I.A.S. Symp. 20/10/89 EFFECTIVE G
Page 148 and 149: These figures exclude the contribut
Page 150 and 151: these four requirements are met, th
Page 152 and 153: the association of the group with a
Page 154 and 155: A rational analysis should be made
Page 156: REFERENCES Anonymous. (1978). Basis
Page 159 and 160: APPENDIX 2 ELEMENTS OF A SHIRE LAND
Page 164 and 165: ' I a -I how T'S NEW IN LAND C CTS
Page 166: and tresspassers, rather than as cr
Page 171 and 172: The Present Position . - - - ~r&e&t
Page 173 and 174: on Objectives - - -- - - ----=:I .
Page 175 and 176: APPENDIX 2 * 1. clear goals which a
Page 177 and 178: .A- 7. Planninq -- - -,sip - proble
Page 182 and 183: Brian Roberts, DDIAE 1989 Farm plan
Page 184 and 185: farm plan or major changes in physi
Page 188 and 189: Cover Story LAND STE ARDSH udes Tow
Page 190 and 191: individual's rights. No individual
Page 192 and 193: B R Roberts Darling Downs Institute
Page 196: TABLE 1 1 LE AGRICULTURE 1. LAND CA
Page 201 and 202: th~should be ol t1[;11 c.onc-crn to
Page 203 and 204: which could form the cornerstone of
Page 208 and 209: CLEARING: WHO SHOULD DECIDE? Brian
Page 210 and 211: . Who has the knowledge and informa
Page 214 and 215: Range Monitoring Workshop Nat. S.C.
Page 216 and 217: Because most of the pastoral zone i
Page 218 and 219: FIGURE 1 iabifity ratings for Austr
Page 220 and 221: environment as distinct from the ef
Page 222 and 223: will be referred to later. It is de
Page 224 and 225: ~ield workers are agreed that the i
Page 226 and 227: consumed in good and poor seasons r
Page 228 and 229: sufficiently to meet the criteria a
Page 230: Roberts, B. (1986). Proc. Sec. Int.
Page 235: The second reality is that in some
Page 239 and 240: choices of cultivation practices ar
Page 241 and 242: For those roads that are parallel t
Page 243: Role of Trees in the Property Plan
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