soil-conservation-people-religion-and-land.pdf - South West NRM

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FIGURE 1 iabifity ratings for Australia's grazed rannefands. % 1-7 . High viability 1.- Medium viability Very low viability
SOME PAST DEVELOPMENTS The 28 February 1972 saw the formal birth of condition monitoring in Australia, when an informal condition and Trend Workshop for 25 participants was held at Alice Springs. The survivors of that epic meeting have seen monitoring techniques come of age despite the many unanswered questions and intangibles in that grey zone between the science and art of range management. The STARC model of Lendon and Lammercraft (1976) was a serious attempt to develop a homegrown Australian system of monitoring at the time when satellite imagery was coming into use in the arid zone (Graetz et al., 1976; Foran and ~ellier, 1980). Despite efforts to re-define assessment concepts, eg cunningham (1976), each organization still tends to use its preferred concepts and definitions. The attempt to develop the LIBRIS system for application in range monitoring (Graetz et al., 1983) was an important initiative in assessment methodology. Western Australian scientists have made a major contribution toward the development of a nationally accepted monitoring system. The system widely known as WARMS has developed from the original efforts of Carneggie, Wilcock and Hacker in 1970 using aerial photography (~arneggie et al, 1971). The on-site photographic records (Morrissey, 1976) were the forerunner of today's WARMS system (Holm et al, 1987) which is explained in detail by Hacker at this workshop. At the same time Tongway and Smith (1989) and Lay (this workshop) have further developed approaches compatible with WARMS. The Centralian Range Assessment Manual (CRAM) has gained general acceptance by most cattle producers in the Centre, as shown by Basten's report to this workshop. The challenge to existing assumptions on plant succession and site selection by Wilson (1984) reflected the growing nonacceptance of traditional methodologies and gave impetus to a more objective approach to field sampling. By concentrating on the soil criteria of condition assessment, pickup (1985) used-the earlier concepts of Butler (1959) to interpret both condition and trend from the Iterosion cellv1 concept. This was followed by the modelling of the effects of grazing on erosion risk maps as a basis for determining preferred paddock layout (Pickup and Chewings, 1986). In view of the discontinuities caused by drought, flood and fire, ~ustralian range assessors could note Jameson's (1988) contribution on monitoring and adaptive management in which he refers to llsome extremely helpful aids in addressing the concept of equilibria (which) are found in the area of catastrophe theoryq1. Casti (1980) has combined the concepts of adaptive management and catastrophe theory, so breaking away from the so-called fixed schedule systems which have failed so often to provide a working basis for ecological models. The recurring criticism of modelling based on poor quantitative data should not detract from the usefulness of qualitative models in understanding relationships, especially the effects of
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SOUL CObJSERVATION PEOPLE, RELIGION
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with " Generous sod", Dennis displa
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Stewardship - What Is It? Stewartls
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the earth's resources. However, it
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Certainly the earth and thus man, w
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That each Church set up a commissio
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LET THE RED VAN SPEAK In 1854 "the
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WHAT SHOULD WE TEACH What must the
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established a dualism of man and na
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R IBLIOGRAPHY Anonymous. 1985. Stat
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PREFACE : This paper has been writt
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vital supplies. The once-heroic pio
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to land use decision-making which t
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a approach for Australia. The dange
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As Ashby points out past experience
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exclusive right to use the land, ne
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matter. They certainly don't do tha
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a constraint on our freedom of acti
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and every individual creature and t
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Christians was noted. Both display
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Nature's Harmonies'. As David Lowen
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key phrases in Genesis are: "Have d
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Can Values and ~thics be Taught? Pl
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"The university's job may not be th
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coming generations. The list below
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National goals should change as pro
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indicators can continue to progress
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the problems of the present. It sho
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Cook, E. 1970. Environmental Ethics
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Santmire, H. P. 1970. Brother Earth
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--- - - - - - I. ORGANISATION AND I
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7' - - F a - - present parties, hav
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5. Res~onsibilitv of Faculties of A
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A -- 15. Role of Urban-Based conser
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FEDERAL STATE LOCAL EDUCATION l N C
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- - --< -- - I. ORGANISATION AND IN
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present parties, have failed to con
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Responsibilitv of Faculties of Agri
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15. Role of Urban-Based Conservatio
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FEDERAL STATE LOCAL EXTENSION LANDH
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government. In this way the long-st
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on a permanent basis. 8. -Role -- -
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%==. 10. Wider Use of Group Methods
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N0113V UOJ S31V3S3Lnlll QNV S13A31
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11. In Queensland, about 40% of nat
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Earth Garden, May 1 986 speak or th
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combines very small holdings with s
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The stages of cultural and ecologic
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The role of trees in controlling so
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proportions,. - _ 6. We must bring-
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an Land Degrad By Brian Roberts The
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principles ror de~elopment In \uch
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Exposed clay subsoil following seve
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evide~~c-to indicate that this situ
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the field and the proportion of exi
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A.I.A.S. Symp. 20/10/89 EFFECTIVE G
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These figures exclude the contribut
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these four requirements are met, th
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the association of the group with a
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A rational analysis should be made
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REFERENCES Anonymous. (1978). Basis
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APPENDIX 2 ELEMENTS OF A SHIRE LAND
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' I a -I how T'S NEW IN LAND C CTS
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and tresspassers, rather than as cr
Page 171 and 172: The Present Position . - - - ~r&e&t
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Page 175 and 176: APPENDIX 2 * 1. clear goals which a
Page 177 and 178: .A- 7. Planninq -- - -,sip - proble
Page 182 and 183: Brian Roberts, DDIAE 1989 Farm plan
Page 184 and 185: farm plan or major changes in physi
Page 188 and 189: Cover Story LAND STE ARDSH udes Tow
Page 190 and 191: individual's rights. No individual
Page 192 and 193: B R Roberts Darling Downs Institute
Page 194 and 195: attention at an early date. Advisor
Page 196: TABLE 1 1 LE AGRICULTURE 1. LAND CA
Page 201 and 202: th~should be ol t1[;11 c.onc-crn to
Page 203 and 204: which could form the cornerstone of
Page 208 and 209: CLEARING: WHO SHOULD DECIDE? Brian
Page 210 and 211: . Who has the knowledge and informa
Page 214 and 215: Range Monitoring Workshop Nat. S.C.
Page 216 and 217: Because most of the pastoral zone i
Page 220 and 221: environment as distinct from the ef
Page 222 and 223: will be referred to later. It is de
Page 224 and 225: ~ield workers are agreed that the i
Page 226 and 227: consumed in good and poor seasons r
Page 228 and 229: sufficiently to meet the criteria a
Page 230: Roberts, B. (1986). Proc. Sec. Int.
Page 235: The second reality is that in some
Page 239 and 240: choices of cultivation practices ar
Page 241 and 242: For those roads that are parallel t
Page 243: Role of Trees in the Property Plan
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