soil-conservation-people-religion-and-land.pdf - South West NRM

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environment as distinct from the effects of management. Wilson et al's (1988) saltbush model is a useful example: FIGURE 2 Atrlplrx Malreana Stage Danthonla m = mature 8 = seed L D = bassi sprouting 1 A t p i e I j = Seedling Maireana (dl: diminished Oanthonia Atriplex Matreana Danthonia b.1.s Maireana Oanthonia Maireana Oanthonia Oanthonia Oant honia Model of changes in an Atriplex vesicatia - Maireana aphylla - Danthonia caespitosa community near Deniliquin, as influenced by fire and rainfall THE GERS CHOICES erazing land management is both the art and the science of planning and executing the use of vegetation so as to attain the highest livestock production consistent with conservation of the natural resources. This implies skillful manipulation of those factors subject to control by the manager. In the pastoral zone the following variables may be used in developing management strategies to meet the demands of different seasons, different types of grazing land, different condition of paddocks and varying economic demands and costs:
Breeds of livestock Ratio of sheep to cattle Total number of livestock Strategic alteration of numbers of each class of stock Combination of animal groups Fencing of separate vegetation types Spelling of paddocks Heavy intermittent grazing of paddocks Positioning of watering places and licks Burning Mechanical or chemical shrub control Water spreading seeding to sown pasture. The complex questions being answered by research can probably be simplified into only five practical questions of interest to the manager, namely: 1. What animals should I produce? 2. What numbers of animals are appropriate? 3. How many paddocks do I need? 4. When should animals be moved? 5. Which paddock should they be moved to? (Roberts, 1986) The assumption is that our monitoring is only one factor in the broad sphere of rangeland administration and, more importantly, grazing management by the landholderd At the risk of being perceived as going over assumed knowledge by the old guard in condition assessment, the writer believes that some of the basic tenets of range assessment require clarification before we proceed to the important methods and practical applications to be reported in this workshop. This is included because over the past 30 years the writer has repeatedly been involved in the re-emerging differences of opinion on our practical goals, our definitions and our interpretation of field data. There is no apology for returning to the American roots of our profession, for it is from this basis that both our progress and confusion have developed. This paper does not ask for acceptance of these concepts but rather invites vigorous debate of their acceptability in our situation. The papers of Friedel, Hacker and Tangway provide stimulating substance for such debate. BASIC CONCEPTS One of intriguing aspects of range monitoring as a subdiscipline is that it offers scope for a variety of philosophies and objectives. It is this variety which is responsible for the differences of opinion and apparent conflict among advisors and managers in different regions. In recent years the terms "condition and trend" have been dropped in some states and replaced by monitoring with technical objectives. Whether the old and new approaches are really different or whether we are dealing with semantic differences
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SOUL CObJSERVATION PEOPLE, RELIGION
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with " Generous sod", Dennis displa
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Stewardship - What Is It? Stewartls
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the earth's resources. However, it
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Certainly the earth and thus man, w
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That each Church set up a commissio
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LET THE RED VAN SPEAK In 1854 "the
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WHAT SHOULD WE TEACH What must the
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established a dualism of man and na
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R IBLIOGRAPHY Anonymous. 1985. Stat
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PREFACE : This paper has been writt
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vital supplies. The once-heroic pio
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to land use decision-making which t
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a approach for Australia. The dange
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As Ashby points out past experience
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exclusive right to use the land, ne
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matter. They certainly don't do tha
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a constraint on our freedom of acti
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and every individual creature and t
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Christians was noted. Both display
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Nature's Harmonies'. As David Lowen
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key phrases in Genesis are: "Have d
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Can Values and ~thics be Taught? Pl
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"The university's job may not be th
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coming generations. The list below
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National goals should change as pro
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indicators can continue to progress
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the problems of the present. It sho
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Cook, E. 1970. Environmental Ethics
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Santmire, H. P. 1970. Brother Earth
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--- - - - - - I. ORGANISATION AND I
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7' - - F a - - present parties, hav
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5. Res~onsibilitv of Faculties of A
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A -- 15. Role of Urban-Based conser
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FEDERAL STATE LOCAL EDUCATION l N C
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- - --< -- - I. ORGANISATION AND IN
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present parties, have failed to con
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Responsibilitv of Faculties of Agri
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15. Role of Urban-Based Conservatio
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FEDERAL STATE LOCAL EXTENSION LANDH
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government. In this way the long-st
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on a permanent basis. 8. -Role -- -
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%==. 10. Wider Use of Group Methods
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N0113V UOJ S31V3S3Lnlll QNV S13A31
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11. In Queensland, about 40% of nat
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Earth Garden, May 1 986 speak or th
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combines very small holdings with s
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The stages of cultural and ecologic
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The role of trees in controlling so
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proportions,. - _ 6. We must bring-
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an Land Degrad By Brian Roberts The
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principles ror de~elopment In \uch
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Exposed clay subsoil following seve
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evide~~c-to indicate that this situ
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the field and the proportion of exi
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A.I.A.S. Symp. 20/10/89 EFFECTIVE G
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These figures exclude the contribut
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these four requirements are met, th
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the association of the group with a
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A rational analysis should be made
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REFERENCES Anonymous. (1978). Basis
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APPENDIX 2 ELEMENTS OF A SHIRE LAND
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' I a -I how T'S NEW IN LAND C CTS
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and tresspassers, rather than as cr
Page 171 and 172: The Present Position . - - - ~r&e&t
Page 173 and 174: on Objectives - - -- - - ----=:I .
Page 175 and 176: APPENDIX 2 * 1. clear goals which a
Page 177 and 178: .A- 7. Planninq -- - -,sip - proble
Page 182 and 183: Brian Roberts, DDIAE 1989 Farm plan
Page 184 and 185: farm plan or major changes in physi
Page 188 and 189: Cover Story LAND STE ARDSH udes Tow
Page 190 and 191: individual's rights. No individual
Page 192 and 193: B R Roberts Darling Downs Institute
Page 194 and 195: attention at an early date. Advisor
Page 196: TABLE 1 1 LE AGRICULTURE 1. LAND CA
Page 201 and 202: th~should be ol t1[;11 c.onc-crn to
Page 203 and 204: which could form the cornerstone of
Page 208 and 209: CLEARING: WHO SHOULD DECIDE? Brian
Page 210 and 211: . Who has the knowledge and informa
Page 214 and 215: Range Monitoring Workshop Nat. S.C.
Page 216 and 217: Because most of the pastoral zone i
Page 218 and 219: FIGURE 1 iabifity ratings for Austr
Page 222 and 223: will be referred to later. It is de
Page 224 and 225: ~ield workers are agreed that the i
Page 226 and 227: consumed in good and poor seasons r
Page 228 and 229: sufficiently to meet the criteria a
Page 230: Roberts, B. (1986). Proc. Sec. Int.
Page 235: The second reality is that in some
Page 239 and 240: choices of cultivation practices ar
Page 241 and 242: For those roads that are parallel t
Page 243: Role of Trees in the Property Plan
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