An Investigation into Transport Protocols and Data Transport ...

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10.4. Conclusion 258 ack clocking. Whilst simulations studies in [ASA00] suggest that there may be negative global consequences under Standard TCP, the consequences of large packet bursts as a result of large α parameters may be mitigated. Large Scale Simulations Whilst this dissertation focuses on a small number of flows, a more difficult and pressing question is the large scale effect of the phased deployment of these New-TCP algorithms. As covered by the impact factors, it is important that the implementation of these New-TCP algorithms do not adversely affect existing network traffic dramatically. Meanwhile, it is also vital to trust that complete deployment (100% usage) of such algorithms is globally stable and fair. A specific area of research is that of the interaction between short lived and long lived flows [BC02] as bulk transport flows do not constitute all of the Internet’s traffic. 10.4 Conclusion There is much work that needs to be done in order to keep the growth and expansion of the Internet at its current rate. This is important in order to effectively collaborate and share ideas on a truly world wide scale. A realisation of this is through the collaboration of world wide science projects of which a major component is the technology and middleware required for the operation of future data and compute grids. An integral part of information retrieval is the rate at which data can physically be transferred from one place to another.
10.4. Conclusion 259 This dissertation investigated the performance bottlenecks, tuning and modifications of hardware and software components to maximise this metric. More specifically, this dissertation studied the performance bottlenecks of TCP and congestion control algorithms. It investigated new congestion control algorithms in a series of systematic tests and discovered potentially serious implications upon fairness and impact upon competing traffic. As such, a Quality of Service solution using DiffServ was investigated which mitigated these effects and demonstrated significant performance improvements due to the protection of the flow. In conclusion, whilst the short term goal of achieving faster achievable goodputs is possible, the long term issues of Internet stability and fairness are still unclear.
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An Investigation into Transport Pro
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Contents List of Figures . . . . .
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Contents 5 4.6 Summary . . . . . .
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Contents 7 8.2 Test Calibration . .
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Contents 9 10.3.5 Further Tests . .
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List of Figures 11 5.7 Effect on cw
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List of Figures 13 8.16 Unfairness
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List of Figures 15 8.32 Friendlines
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List of Figures 17 9.19 Dynamic swi
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List of Figures 19 D.1 Internet pat
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List of Tables 21 A.1 Hardware and
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Publications And Workshops Some of
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1.2. Research Scope 25 • Identifi
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1.4. Dissertation Outline 27 • Id
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Chapter 2 High Energy Particle Phys
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2.2. Analysis Methods 31 the data i
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2.3. Data Volumes and Regional Cent
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2.3. Data Volumes and Regional Cent
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2.4. Data Transfer Requirements 37
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2.5. Summary 39 data, the most impo
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3.1. Data Intercommunication 41 mov
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3.2. Network Monitoring 43 Whilst l
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3.2. Network Monitoring 45 Internet
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3.2. Network Monitoring 47 1 0.8 Bo
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Chapter 4 Transmission Control Prot
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4.1. Overview 51 Throughput Delay L
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4.2. Protocol Description 53 is dep
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4.2. Protocol Description 55 As a r
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4.3. Congestion Control 57 excessiv
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4.3. Congestion Control 59 probe fo
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4.4. Retransmission Timeout 61 tion
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4.5. TCP Variants 63 mechanisms are
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4.5. TCP Variants 65 connection ini
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4.5. TCP Variants 67 20 15 cwnd sst
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4.5. TCP Variants 69 no more acks t
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4.5. TCP Variants 71 [Hoe96]. In bo
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4.5. TCP Variants 73 TCP Timestamps
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4.6. Summary 75 traffic for a parti
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Chapter 5 TCP For High Performance
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5.1. TCP Hardware Requirements 79 G
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5.1. TCP Hardware Requirements 81 1
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5.1. TCP Hardware Requirements 83 C
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5.2. TCP Tuning & Performance Impro
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5.3. Network Aid in Congestion Dete
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5.3. Network Aid in Congestion Dete
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5.4. Analysis of AIMD Congestion Co
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5.5. Summary 109 5.5 Summary Even t
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6.1. Survey of New-TCP Algorithms 1
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6.2. Discussion and Deployment Cons
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6.3. Summary 133 6.3 Summary The re
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Chapter 7 Testing Framework for the
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7.1. Metrics 137 various New-TCP al
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7.1. Metrics 139 assuming equilibri
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7.2. Environment 141 of packets in
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7.2. Environment 143 T 0 B, T T 1 F
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Chapter 8 Systematic Tests of New-T
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8.1. Methodology 147 fed into the d
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8.1. Methodology 149 Various other
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8.2. Test Calibration 151 Goodput (
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8.2. Test Calibration 153 cwnd and
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8.2. Test Calibration 155 100 1 Agg
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8.2. Test Calibration 157 1000 FAST
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8.3. Results 159 10 100 Total Throu
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8.3. Results 161 14 12 HSTCP 1 α H
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8.3. Results 163 cwnd (packets) 120
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8.3. Results 165 Fraction Bytes Ret
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8.3. Results 167 1200 1000 HTCP 1 H
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8.3. Results 169 This is due to the
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8.3. Results 171 4000 3500 3000 HTC
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8.3. Results 173 800 700 600 Standa
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8.3. Results 175 1 1 Fairness Ratio
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8.3. Results 177 10 100 Total Throu
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8.3. Results 179 1000 Standard TCP
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8.3. Results 181 600 500 Standard T
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8.4. Discussion of Results 183 Asym
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8.4. Discussion of Results 185 New-
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8.4. Discussion of Results 187 Asym
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8.5. Summary 189 The importance of
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9.1. Transfer Tests Across Dedicate
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Page 207 and 208: 9.1. Transfer Tests Across Dedicate
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Page 241 and 242: 9.3. Internet Transfers 241 achieve
Page 243 and 244: 9.4. Summary 243 performance of sin
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Page 247 and 248: 10.1. Summary 247 PCs. But at 1Gb/s
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Page 253 and 254: 10.3. Future Directions 253 low ove
Page 255 and 256: 10.3. Future Directions 255 porates
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Page 263 and 264: A.1. Data Storage 263 gether with h
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Page 267 and 268: A.1. Data Storage 267 Read Speed (M
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Page 271 and 272: A.1. Data Storage 271 1600 1600 140
Page 273 and 274: A.2. Network Interface Cards 273 la
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Page 279 and 280: A.2. Network Interface Cards 279 PC
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Page 287 and 288: A.2. Network Interface Cards 287 ha
Page 289 and 290: B.2. Wide Area Network Tests 289 Da
Page 291 and 292: C.3. DataTAG 291 Cisco 7606 Cisco 7
Page 293 and 294: Appendix D Network Paths of Interne
Page 295 and 296: 295 ham02gva.datatag.org:192.91.239
Page 297 and 298: Bibliography 297 [All03] [AMA + 99]
Page 299 and 300: Bibliography 299 [BPSK96] H. Balakr
Page 301 and 302: Bibliography 301 [DC02] [ea02] [FF9
Page 303 and 304: Bibliography 303 [Flo03] [Flo04] S.
Page 305 and 306: Bibliography 305 [Hoe96] [IET] [Jac
Page 307 and 308: Bibliography 307 [KRB05] [Lah00] [L
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Bibliography 309 [MHR03] [MM96] M.
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Bibliography 311 [Pos81a] J. Postel
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Bibliography 313 [tePM] IEPM Intern
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