Latin America; in English (pdf) - Transboundary Freshwater Dispute ...

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TABLE 2.4 MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS FOR INTERNATIONAL RIVER BASINS IN CENTRAL A MERICA AND THE WEST INDIES. ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS RIVER BASIN DEFORESTATION EROSION SEDIMENTATION POLLUTION Usumacinta-Grijalva San Juan Coco o Segovia Wangki Lempa Motagua Belice Choluteca Hondo Grijalba Chamelecón Changuinola Sixaola Goascorán Negro-Guasaule Paz Sarstún Nentón Suchiate Coatán-Achute Corredores-Colorado Moho Temash Jurado El Naranjo Conventillos Pedernales (Zona de la Sierra del Bahoruco) Dajabón-Massacre Artibonite La Hoya del Lago Enriquillo % occurrence of environmental problems in international basins 50 50 25 75 Source: The Mesoamerican Center for Sustainable Development of the Dry Tropics (CEMEDE) with data from: Cabrera y Cuc 2002; Hernández y Rodríguez 2002; Procuenca San Juan 2004; De León 2003; Progolfo 1998; Pasos et al. 1994; Proyecto Gestión ambiental para el manejo integrado de cuencas hidrográficas y áreas costeras en pequeños estados insulares del caribe. Sf, Plan maestro y para el desarrollo integrado y sostenible de la cuenca bionacional del río Paz. S.f. 22 — Hydropolitical Vulnerability and Resilience along International Waters: Latin America and the Caribbean
Río Goascorán en el puesto fronterizo. Photo credit: Alexander López Ramírez. TABLE 2.5 INTERNATIONAL BASINS IN PROTECTED AREAS ON HISPANIOLA ISLAND. ANTIBONITO BASIN: 82% PROTECTED Protected areas Parques nacionales Nalga de Maco, Sierra de Neiba, José del Carmen Ramírez y Armando Bermúdez DAJABÓN-MASSACRE BASIN: 21.8% PROTECTED Protected areas Parque Nacional Montecristi PEDERNALES BASIN (Z ONA DE LA SIERRA DEL BAHORUCO): 72.9% PROTECTED Protected areas Parques nacionales Jaragua y Sierra del Bahoruco Reserva Biológica Miguel Domingo Fuertes Monumento Nacional Las Caobas Vías panorámicas Aceitillar, Mirador del Paraíso y Cabral-Polo LA HOYA DEL LAGO ENRIQUILLO: 36.5% PROTECTED Protected areas Parques nacionales Lago Herniquillo, Sierra de Neiba, Sierra Bahoruco, Isla Los Cabritos y Donald Dod Source: Proyecto Gestión ambiental para el manejo integrado de cuencas hidrográficas y áreas costeras en pequeños estados insulares del caribe. Sf and the deterioration continues, even as population levels and water demands increase. There have been some efforts toward environmental protection, however. For example, in Central America, there are two biosphere reserves in the Usumacinta-Grijalva and Sixaola River basins, while on Hispaniola Island, there are protected natural areas in all four international basins (Table 2.5). The most densely populated international river basins are the Lempa, Choluteca, and Belize. The Lempa River Basin holds 66% of the Salvadorian Chapter 2. Hydropolitical Vulnerability in Central America and the West Indies — 23
Page 5: Copyright © 2007, United Nations E
Page 8 and 9: CHAPTER 3. HYDROPOLITICAL VULNERABI
Page 10 and 11: MAPS Map 1 (A) Climate regions ....
Page 13 and 14: PREFACE Wherever a major river, lak
Page 15 and 16: FOREWORD During the 2002 World Summ
Page 17 and 18: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This project, exem
Page 21 and 22: Figure 1.2 International river basi
Page 23 and 24: a more accurate gauge of hydropolit
Page 25 and 26: Scientist conducting ecological res
Page 27 and 28: The great waterfall of Iguazú, on
Page 29 and 30: Canal of Artibonite River, Haiti. T
Page 31 and 32: Jaribu storks, Pantanal (Brazil), P
Page 33 and 34: Ricefield with water buffalo and eg
Page 37 and 38: TABLE 2.2 INTERNATIONAL RIVER BASIN
Page 39: Haitian people who live in the hill
Page 43 and 44: El lago cerce de Tehscall, El Salva
Page 45 and 46: Verrettes waterfall, Haiti. Photo c
Page 47 and 48: Landslide damage in the aftermath o
Page 49 and 50: The Cimarron project has provoked s
Page 51 and 52: Damage along Choluteca River in the
Page 53 and 54: 2.6 GOVERNANCE IN INTERNATIONAL RIV
Page 55 and 56: TABLE 2.9 CENTRAL AMERICA AND THE W
Page 57 and 58: Figure 2.2 Lempa River Basin. trans
Page 59 and 60: Lining up for water in the aftermat
Page 61 and 62: In the aftermath of tropical storm
Page 65 and 66: Paraná River beach in Empedrado, C
Page 67 and 68: Boat houses, Amazon. Photo credit:
Page 69 and 70: Washing clothes, Amazon. Photo cred
Page 71 and 72: Sawmill on Amazon, photo credit: Gr
Page 73 and 74: Confluence of Iguazu and Paraná Ri
Page 75 and 76: Sudden storm sends tourists running
Page 77 and 78: In the semi-arid “backlands” of
Page 79 and 80: “Fish sold here, 24 hours.” Fis
Page 81 and 82: Woman earns income by selling craft
Page 83 and 84: Public infrastructure project (road
Page 85 and 86: high population residing within the
Page 87 and 88: Uruguay River merging into Rio de l
Page 89 and 90: issues and not in others. The const
Page 91 and 92:
Urubamba River, Peru. Photo credit:
Page 93 and 94:
Seaplane lands near shipping docks,
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Uruguay River seen from Argentina c
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ATLAS OF HYDROPOLITICAL VULNERABILI
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A B Map 2 (A) Groundwater Aquifers.
Page 101 and 102:
SOCIOECONOMIC AND GEOPOLITICAL PARA
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INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY A B Map 6 (A
Page 105 and 106:
A B Map 8 (A) Institutional Capacit
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APPENDICES Appendices — 89
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APPENDIX 1. INTERNATIONAL FRESHWATE
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AMAZON * Total area: 5,866,100 km 2
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CANDELARIA Total area: 12,800 km 2
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COATAN ACHUTE Total area: 2000 km 2
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HONDO Total area 14,600.00 km 2 Are
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LAKE TITICACA-POOPO SYSTEM Total ar
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LA PLATA * Total area: 2,954,500 km
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Comisión Administradora del Río d
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MARONI * Total area: 65,000 km 2 Ar
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PEDERNALES Total area: 400 km 2 Are
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SIXAOLA Total area: 2,900 km 2 Area
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USUMACINTA- GRIJALVA Total area: 12
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LA PLATA A short section of the bou
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Participating countries: Dominican
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Participating countries: Argentina,
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Uruguay to implement their shared v
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Plan Trifinio The Plan Trifinio con
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Participating countries: Costa Rica
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USUMACINTA-GRIJALVA Red de Investig
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LA PLATA Power Plant Dona Francisca
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REFERENCES Agencia Gráfica del Sur
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egional Environmental Profile. Inte
Page 153 and 154:
INDEX OF BASIN NAMES Amazon .......
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