Europe - UNEP

More documents

Recommendations

Info

This report presents a comprehensive assessment of the hydropolitical vulnerabilities and resiliencies of Europe’s international waters, including detailed information on existing and forthcoming cooperative agreements. It aims to support informed policymaking and greater cooperation across the diverse social, political, and economic boundaries of the Continent at a time of a rapidly shifting political, economic, and environmental landscape. ACHIM STEINER United Nations Under-Secretary General Executive Director, United Nations Environment Programme x
FOREWORD The most influential regional legal frameworks for transboundary waters in Europe have been the UNECE Convention on the Protection and use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes in Helsinki (the 1992 Helsinki Convention), implemented in 1996, and the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD), adopted in 2000. Both the Helsinki Convention and WFD seek to strengthen cooperation, at both bilateral and multilateral levels, on the prevention, control and reduction of transboundary pollution, sustainable water management, conservation of water resources, and environmental protection. Central to the successful implementation and development of the Helsinki Convention is the regular gathering of the parties responsible for defining and reviewing the activities and policies under the convention as well as sharing information on experience gained in negotiating and implementing bilateral and multilateral agreements on transboundary waters. Under the meeting of the parties, three working groups are charged with developing and implementing new policies, strategies and methodologies for the protection of transboundary waters, as well as organizing workshops, conferences and training, and capacity-building events. In March 2000, the UNECE adopted guidelines on sustainable flood prevention. The Helsinki Convention is currently binding on 34 countries and the European Community and has been highly influential in promoting cooperation over transboundary waters in Europe, particularly in assisting countries in Eastern European, the Caucasus and Central Asia since the break-up of the former Soviet Union. Many agreements relating to transboundary waters reflect the rules and principles contained in the Convention. It is in this context that I welcome the new publication, Hydropolitical Vulnerability and Resilience along International Waters: Europe. The close collaboration between the governments of European countries, UN agencies and the international community continues to generate increased awareness of the vulnerabilities affecting the region’s shared water resources, as well as the resilience emerging from collective actions at the national, sub-regional, and regional levels to confront the challenges. This publication should inspire the continuing progress of intergovernmental dialogue and collective action to halt and reverse the water challenges facing our world. PETER GILRUTH Director Division of Early Warning and Assessment United Nations Environment Programme xi
Page 5 and 6: Copyright © 2009, United Nations E
Page 7 and 8: CONTENTS PREFACE ..................
Page 9 and 10: LISTS OF TABLES, FIGURES, MAPS, AND
Page 11: PREFACE Within many international r
Page 15 and 16: maps; and our gratitude is extended
Page 17 and 18: CHAPTER 1. HYDROPOLITICAL VULNERABI
Page 19 and 20: Figure 1.2 International river basi
Page 21 and 22: • international agreements and in
Page 23 and 24: Schlossplatz (Palace Place), downto
Page 25 and 26: Excursion boat on the Elbe River, H
Page 27 and 28: River Sava, Belgrade, Serbia. Photo
Page 29 and 30: Along the Golden Horn, an inlet of
Page 31 and 32: Garbage and debris caught in branch
Page 33 and 34: CHAPTER 2. CHALLENGES TO EUROPE’S
Page 35 and 36: The Rhône River with a low water l
Page 37 and 38: RIVER BASIN TOTAL AREA (KM 2 ) AREA
Page 39 and 40: Total abstraction per year/Long ter
Page 41 and 42: Snowfields, Dolomites, Italy. Photo
Page 43 and 44: The aftermath of flooding in wester
Page 45 and 46: CHAPTER 3. THE EVOLUTION OF CONFLIC
Page 47 and 48: Snov River, a tributary of the Dnie
Page 49 and 50: groundwater from pollution that man
Page 51 and 52: Floating restaurants in the foregro
Page 53 and 54: Tejo/Tagus River seen from Portas d
Page 55 and 56: Hydroelectric power plant on the Sa
Page 57 and 58: Stora Enso pulp and paper mill in O
Page 59 and 60: CHAPTER 4. MAJOR TRENDS IN CONFLICT
Page 61 and 62: Mute swans in canal fed by Soestwet
Page 63 and 64:
setting emission limits, licensing
Page 65 and 66:
Tour boat on canal in Brugge, Belgi
Page 67 and 68:
Boaters on the Lahn River (Rhine ba
Page 69 and 70:
in harmonising environmental impact
Page 71 and 72:
At the bilateral or basin level som
Page 73 and 74:
Hydroelectric power plant on the Sa
Page 75 and 76:
Brewery, Brugge, Belgium. Photo cre
Page 77 and 78:
Barges and boats on the River Sava
Page 79 and 80:
chapter elucidated that a survey of
Page 81 and 82:
CHAPTER 5. HYDROPOLITICAL VULNERABI
Page 83 and 84:
Vop River (tributary of the Dnieper
Page 85 and 86:
Dnieper Delta near the Black Sea, a
Page 87 and 88:
Figure 5.2 The Danube River Basin.
Page 89 and 90:
Danube River flowing through Novi S
Page 91 and 92:
Bridge over the Narva River (Estoni
Page 93 and 94:
Waterfront club on the Emajõgi Riv
Page 95 and 96:
Narva hydroelectric station on the
Page 97 and 98:
CHAPTER 6. CONCLUSION Alistair Rieu
Page 99 and 100:
Rudesheim, Rhine River, Germany. Ph
Page 101 and 102:
ATLAS OF HYDROPOLITICAL VULNERABILI
Page 103 and 104:
A B Map 2 (A) Groundwater Aquifers.
Page 105 and 106:
SOCIOECONOMIC AND GEOPOLITICAL PARA
Page 107 and 108:
INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY A B Map 6 (A
Page 109 and 110:
A B Map 8 (A) Institutional Capacit
Page 111 and 112:
APPENDICES Stone fountain, Rome. Ph
Page 113 and 114:
APPENDIX 1. INTERNATIONAL FRESHWATE
Page 115 and 116:
BIDASOA Total area: 500 km 2 Area o
Page 117 and 118:
Convention regarding the regime of
Page 119 and 120:
Convention between the Government o
Page 121 and 122:
DAUGAVA* Total area: 58,700 km 2 Ar
Page 123 and 124:
DNIESTER* Total area: 62,000 km 2 A
Page 125 and 126:
DOURO/DUERO Total area: 98,900 km 2
Page 127 and 128:
ELBE Total area: 132,200 km 2 Area
Page 129 and 130:
ENNINGSDALSELVA* TREATIES AND AGREE
Page 131 and 132:
GLAMA Total area: 43,000 km 2 Area
Page 133 and 134:
ISONZO Total area: 3,000 km 2 Area
Page 135 and 136:
KLARALVEN Total area: 51,000 km 2 A
Page 137 and 138:
LAKE PRESPA Total area: 9,000 km 2
Page 139 and 140:
LIMA Total area: 2,300 km 2 Area of
Page 141 and 142:
MINHO/MIÑO Total area: 15,100 km 2
Page 143 and 144:
NARVA* Total area: 53,000 km 2 Area
Page 145 and 146:
NESTOS Total area: 10,200 km 2 Area
Page 147 and 148:
OLANGA Total area: 18,800 km 2 Area
Page 149 and 150:
PASVIK Total area: 16,000 km 2 Area
Page 151 and 152:
PO Total area: 87,100 km 2 Area of
Page 153 and 154:
Traite entre la Suisse et l’Autri
Page 155 and 156:
Agreement between the government of
Page 157 and 158:
RHONE Total area: 100,200 km 2 Area
Page 159 and 160:
ROIA/ROYA Total area: 600 km 2 Area
Page 161 and 162:
SCHELDE Total area: 17,100 km 2 Are
Page 163 and 164:
STRUMA* Total area: 15,000 km 2 Are
Page 165 and 166:
TANA Total area: 15,600 km 2 Area o
Page 167 and 168:
TULOMA Total area: 25,800 km 2 Area
Page 169 and 170:
VISTULA/WISTA Total area: 194,000 k
Page 171 and 172:
VUOKSA Total area: 62,700 km 2 Area
Page 173 and 174:
Convention on environmental impact
Page 175 and 176:
NEMAN Border problems between Byela
Page 177 and 178:
Participating countries: Bulgaria,
Page 179 and 180:
DANUBE - SAVA SUBBASIN Sava River B
Page 181 and 182:
EU-P -Project “Integrated Managem
Page 183 and 184:
GEF IW project: Development and Imp
Page 185 and 186:
APPENDIX 4. TENDERS FOR LARGE PROJE
Page 187 and 188:
REFERENCES Alliance for lake cooper
Page 189 and 190:
sound Technology (TEST) to Reduce T
Page 191 and 192:
water. Specific information about t
Page 193 and 194:
INDEX OF BASIN NAMES Bann .........
show all

Europe - UNEP

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?