Europe - UNEP

CHAPTER 4. MAJOR TRENDS IN CONFLICT AND COOPERATION, BY A LISTAIR RIEU-CLARKE ..................................... 43
4.1 Legal Scope: Surface Water to Drainage Basins ............................................................... 43
4.2 Substantive Water Rights and Obligations ....................................................................... 45
4.2.1 Equitable and Reasonable Utilisation of Transboundary Water .................................45
4.2.2 Sustainable Use and the Protection of Aquatic Ecosystems .......................................47
4.3 Procedural Rules and Mechanisms for Dispute Avoidance and Compliance ....................... 49
4.3.1 Exchange of Data and Information ........................................................................50
4.3.2 Notification of Planned Measures ..........................................................................51
4.3.3 Environmental Impact Assessment ..........................................................................52
4.3.4 Monitoring and Assessment ................................................................................... 53
4.3.5 Public Participation ...............................................................................................55
4.3.6 Compliance Strategy ............................................................................................ 56
4.4 Dispute Resolution......................................................................................................... 58
4.5 Institutional Arrangements ..............................................................................................60
4.6 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................62
CHAPTER 5. HYDROPOLITICAL VULNERABILITY AND RESILIENCE CASE STUDIES, BY A LISTAIR RIEU-CLARKE ...................... 65
5.1 The Dnieper (Dnipro) River Basin .................................................................................... 65
5.2 The Danube River Basin ................................................................................................. 70
5.3 The Narva River Basin ................................................................................................... 75
5.4 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................78
CHAPTER 6. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................... 81
ATLAS OF HYDROPOLITICAL VULNERABILITY AND RESILIENCE ..........................................................................85
Biophysical Parameters ........................................................................................................ 86
Socioeconomic and Geopolitical Parameters ........................................................................89
Institutional Capacity ...........................................................................................................91
APPENDICES .................................................................................................................................95
Appendix 1. International Freshwater Agreements, River Basin Organizations, and River Basin
Commissions of Europe ....................................................................................................... 97
Appendix 2. Notes on Basins .............................................................................................158
Appendix 3. Riparian Country Collaborations ...................................................................... 160
Appendix 4. Tenders for Large Projects ................................................................................ 169
REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................171
INDEX OF BASIN NAMES .................................................................................................................177
vi