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STRUMA University cooperation project: System for Water Monitoring and Sustainable Management Based on Ground Stations and Satellite Images (WATERMAN) The WATERMAN project supported a new development for a water monitoring system and sustainable management in the Southern Balkans. to reach this goal, modern technology and software were used, different mathematical models derived, and a decision support system investigated. At the end of the project, research laboratories for water monitoring was established at the Technical University of Sofia and in the National Agency of Environmental Protection in Sofia, where the real data of the Struma river basin are collected. This integrated system assists the development of a modern water management in Bulgaria, following the EU standards. Participating countries: Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Italy, Macedonia Date: October 1998-September 2001 Level/Type of Collaboration: Non-official/International initiative Principal Issue: Other: research and education Source: http://www.ima.ge.cnr.it/waterman/waterman.html VOLGA EU Water Initiative - Water for Life project: Ecosystems of the Volga basin and effects on the Caspian sea - Volgamap The basic aim is to show the relationships between vegetation, land use and contribution from the catchments to the quality of water and ecosystems in the Caspian Sea and surroundings. Research project funded by EC; includes researchers from France. Participating countries: Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia Date: 2000 Level/Type of Collaboration: Official/Environmental program Principal Issue: Water quality, joint management Source: http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/water-initiative/projects/ic15_ct_1997_00100_en.htm VUOKSA - RIVER VUOKSI SUBBASIN EU Tacis project: The Sustainable Use of the Water Resources and Shore Areas of the River Vuoksi (VIVATVUOKSIA) The aim of the project is to promote and develop sustainable and multiple use of the River Vuoksi and its shores taking into account international agreements and fluctuations in the water level. The target groups are local and regional authorities in Finland and Russia, communes and local people, companies and tourists protecting or making use of the water and shore areas of the River Vuoksi in Finland and Russia. Participating countries: Russia, Finland Date: November 12, 2001-June 23, 2003 Level/Type of Collaboration: Official/Environmental program Principal Issue: Water quality, joint management Source: http://www.ekarjala.fi/vivatvuoksia/Final_TASK4_Report.doc 168 — Hydropolitical Vulnerability and Resilience along International Waters: <strong>Europe</strong>
APPENDIX 4. TENDERS FOR LARGE PROJECTS DANUBE Novo Virje Dam The hydropower dam Novo Virje, to be located 120 km northeast of Zagreb close to the Hungarian border, would have an installed capacity of 138 MW, with an annual production of 640 GWh (just over 4% of current Croatian electricity demand). Country: Croatia Sector: Hydropower Cost in millions (USD): 533 (in 1999) Status: EIA completed 1999. Transboundary EIA in progress Sponsors: Data not available Source: http://www.rivernet.org/danube/pdf/Novo%20Virje%20factsheet%20short.pdf Nagymaros Dam In 1977 Czechoslovakia and Hungary agreed to build a barrage complex on the Danube River with large dams at Gabcikovo (Czechoslovakia) and Nagymaros (Hungary). Czechoslovakia built the Gabcikovo but Hungary (under public pressure) did not build the Nagymaros. Went to the ICJ which declared that Hungary had no right to act as it did. Country: Hungary Sector: Hydropower Cost in millions (USD): Data not available Status: Never Completed, work suspended in 1989. In continued discussion. Sponsors: Data not available Source: http://wwics.si.edu/ index.cfm?topic_id=1422&fuseaction=topics.publications&doc_id=18868&group_id=7427 DUORO Baixo Sabor Dam The proposed 125-meter-high Baixo Sabor dam would create a 50 km-long reservoir that would seriously affect a floodplain containing villages harbouring Iron Age art and Roman ruins. Country: Portugal Sector: Hydro-power Cost in millions (USD): Data not available Status: Proposed Sponsors: Data not available Source: http://www.environmentaldefense.org/article.cfm?contentid=3356 EBRO Janovas Dam Situated in North Aragon. Part of 6 proposed dams in the Pyrenees (which also include Biscarrues, Lechago, El Val, Santaliestra) Country: Spain Sector: Hydropower Cost in millions (USD): Data not available Status: Proposed in 1999 Sponsors: Data not available Source: www.dams.org/docs/kbase/contrib/opt172.pdf Appendix 4. Tenders for Large Projects — 169
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Copyright © 2009, United Nations E
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CONTENTS PREFACE ..................
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LISTS OF TABLES, FIGURES, MAPS, AND
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PREFACE Within many international r
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FOREWORD The most influential regio
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maps; and our gratitude is extended
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CHAPTER 1. HYDROPOLITICAL VULNERABI
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Figure 1.2 International river basi
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• international agreements and in
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Schlossplatz (Palace Place), downto
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Excursion boat on the Elbe River, H
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River Sava, Belgrade, Serbia. Photo
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Along the Golden Horn, an inlet of
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Garbage and debris caught in branch
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CHAPTER 2. CHALLENGES TO EUROPE’S
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The Rhône River with a low water l
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RIVER BASIN TOTAL AREA (KM 2 ) AREA
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Total abstraction per year/Long ter
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Snowfields, Dolomites, Italy. Photo
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The aftermath of flooding in wester
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CHAPTER 3. THE EVOLUTION OF CONFLIC
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Snov River, a tributary of the Dnie
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groundwater from pollution that man
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Floating restaurants in the foregro
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Tejo/Tagus River seen from Portas d
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Hydroelectric power plant on the Sa
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Stora Enso pulp and paper mill in O
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CHAPTER 4. MAJOR TRENDS IN CONFLICT
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Mute swans in canal fed by Soestwet
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setting emission limits, licensing
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Tour boat on canal in Brugge, Belgi
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Boaters on the Lahn River (Rhine ba
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in harmonising environmental impact
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At the bilateral or basin level som
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Hydroelectric power plant on the Sa
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Brewery, Brugge, Belgium. Photo cre
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Barges and boats on the River Sava
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chapter elucidated that a survey of
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CHAPTER 5. HYDROPOLITICAL VULNERABI
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Vop River (tributary of the Dnieper
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Dnieper Delta near the Black Sea, a
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Figure 5.2 The Danube River Basin.
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Danube River flowing through Novi S
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Bridge over the Narva River (Estoni
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Waterfront club on the Emajõgi Riv
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Narva hydroelectric station on the
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CHAPTER 6. CONCLUSION Alistair Rieu
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Rudesheim, Rhine River, Germany. Ph
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ATLAS OF HYDROPOLITICAL VULNERABILI
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A B Map 2 (A) Groundwater Aquifers.
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND GEOPOLITICAL PARA
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INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY A B Map 6 (A
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A B Map 8 (A) Institutional Capacit
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APPENDICES Stone fountain, Rome. Ph
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APPENDIX 1. INTERNATIONAL FRESHWATE
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BIDASOA Total area: 500 km 2 Area o
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Convention regarding the regime of
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Convention between the Government o
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DAUGAVA* Total area: 58,700 km 2 Ar
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DNIESTER* Total area: 62,000 km 2 A
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DOURO/DUERO Total area: 98,900 km 2
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ELBE Total area: 132,200 km 2 Area
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ENNINGSDALSELVA* TREATIES AND AGREE
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GLAMA Total area: 43,000 km 2 Area
Page 133 and 134: ISONZO Total area: 3,000 km 2 Area
Page 135 and 136: KLARALVEN Total area: 51,000 km 2 A
Page 137 and 138: LAKE PRESPA Total area: 9,000 km 2
Page 139 and 140: LIMA Total area: 2,300 km 2 Area of
Page 141 and 142: MINHO/MIÑO Total area: 15,100 km 2
Page 143 and 144: NARVA* Total area: 53,000 km 2 Area
Page 145 and 146: NESTOS Total area: 10,200 km 2 Area
Page 147 and 148: OLANGA Total area: 18,800 km 2 Area
Page 149 and 150: PASVIK Total area: 16,000 km 2 Area
Page 151 and 152: PO Total area: 87,100 km 2 Area of
Page 153 and 154: Traite entre la Suisse et l’Autri
Page 155 and 156: Agreement between the government of
Page 157 and 158: RHONE Total area: 100,200 km 2 Area
Page 159 and 160: ROIA/ROYA Total area: 600 km 2 Area
Page 161 and 162: SCHELDE Total area: 17,100 km 2 Are
Page 163 and 164: STRUMA* Total area: 15,000 km 2 Are
Page 165 and 166: TANA Total area: 15,600 km 2 Area o
Page 167 and 168: TULOMA Total area: 25,800 km 2 Area
Page 169 and 170: VISTULA/WISTA Total area: 194,000 k
Page 171 and 172: VUOKSA Total area: 62,700 km 2 Area
Page 173 and 174: Convention on environmental impact
Page 175 and 176: NEMAN Border problems between Byela
Page 177 and 178: Participating countries: Bulgaria,
Page 179 and 180: DANUBE - SAVA SUBBASIN Sava River B
Page 181 and 182: EU-P -Project “Integrated Managem
Page 183: GEF IW project: Development and Imp
Page 187 and 188: REFERENCES Alliance for lake cooper
Page 189 and 190: sound Technology (TEST) to Reduce T
Page 191 and 192: water. Specific information about t
Page 193 and 194: INDEX OF BASIN NAMES Bann .........
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