Bailey.Academic_Writing

Answers 209
5 Source: Nemecova, I. (1998) Medical Report 34 pp. 78–86.
Malaria increasing esp. resistant strains
350 m+ cases p.a. (4 level 1970s)
Causes:
a) increase in poverty > less money for sanitation
b) increased travel (migrants/tourists)
c) overuse of antibiotics
Vaccine? – difficult because of different strains but in trials
6 Source: Pitnam, E.B. (1993) Volcanic Disasters p. 221.
1815 Mt Tambora (Indonesia) exploded
100 km 3 debris atmosphere affected weather around world
1816 NE USA and Europe cold summers destroyed harvests > prices rose > more
emigrants to west of USA
1.8 Paraphrasing
2 (b) is the better paraphrase (in (a) changes in the weather and the region to the south are
not as precise as a long dry period and the mountains at the river’s source).
4 (A number of possibilities are acceptable here. These are suggestions.)
4b
4c
5b
5c
6b
6c
It started in France and Germany, but accelerated in the United States.
There Henry Ford modified the moving assembly line from the Chicago meat industry to
car manufacturing, thereby inventing mass production.
After the Second World War the development of ‘planned obsolescence’ by the industry
encouraged customers to buy new cars more often than they needed to by increasing
the frequency of model changes.
Later, from the 1970s, environmental criticism of the industry focused on the production
of inefficient models which used too much fuel, contributing to global warming.
Some of the strongest brands in the world are today owned by the industry.
Many major car companies, however, struggle with falling profits and stagnant
markets.
7 (Again, there is a range of possibilities, of which the following is an example.)
The expansion of contemporary capitalism matches the rise of the automobile industry.
After starting in Germany and France, it accelerated in the United States. There the
moving assembly line was modified by Henry Ford from the Chicago meat industry to
manufacturing cars: the invention of mass production. General Motors dominated the
world’s car companies in the 1920s, with help from the managerial theories of Alfred
Sloan. The development of ‘planned obsolescence’ by the industry began after the
Second World War, by which the frequency of model changes encouraged customers
to buy new cars more often than necessary. Environmental criticism of the industry
from the 1970s focused on the contribution to global warming made by the production
of inefficient models which used too much petrol. At this time increasingly militant