Kettunen & Helmke 2011 Appendices Note these potentially confusing signs: ba ma lo te bu mu mu yo bu mu la ma ka sa ni wi ja HUL HA’ WINAK?/K’AL ku/TUN pi ku/TUN KAB/CHAB? ku/TUN WITZ a/AJ 7 chi yo ke ye k’o CHOK AL/YAL CH’AM/K’AM K’AL TZUTZZ HUL 78/154
Kettunen & Helmke 2011 Concise Glyph Dictionary CONCISE CLASSIC MAYA – ENGLISH DICTIONARY hieroglyph 72 : transliteration 73 : transcription 74 : translation 75 : alternative spellings 76 : a/AJ a aj (1) phonetic sign (2) neutral or male prefix 77 ACH? AT? ach at / aat (1) penis ACH?-cha, AT?-ti, AT?-ta AHIN? / AYIN? ahiin / ayiin (1) caiman (n) (2) lizard (n) a-AYIN/AHIN-na, AYIN/AHIN-na, AYIN/AHIN-ni AJAW 78 ajaw ajaaw? (1) lord (n) (2) king (n) AJAW-wa, a-AJAW, a-AJAW-wa, a-ja-wa AJAW ajaw ajaaw? (1) lord (n) (2) king (n) AJAW-wa, a-AJAW, a-AJAW-wa, a-ja-wa AJAW ajaw ajaaw? (1) lord (n) (2) king (n) AJAW-wa, a-AJAW, a-AJAW-wa, a-ja-wa 72 A given sign represented in this column is only one possible version of different spellings <strong>to</strong> be found in the <strong>Maya</strong> hieroglyphic corpus. For example the word for “lord” or ajaw can be rendered in the following ways: AJAW, a-AJAW, AJAW-wa, a-AJAW-wa, and a-ja-wa. Use of different graphic forms, furthermore yields dozens of possible combinations, each representing distinct collocations (see alternative spellings in the rightmost column and see also chapter 7. Logograms]). The arrangement of this dictionary is based on alphabetical order of transcriptions. When a particular hieroglyph is usually or always preceded with a possessive pronoun u-/y-, it is placed in parentheses: e.g. (y-)uk’ib . The alphabetical order thus follows the stem of the word rather than the most common (inflected or derived) appearance in the corpus. 73 This is a broad transliteration that excludes analyzed/interpreted sounds (vowel length, glottal s<strong>to</strong>ps, and /h/’s [preconsonantal velar fricatives]) that are not inbuilt/inherent parts of hieroglyphs but were, conversely, indicated by orthography rules, grammatical inflection, and in the case of underspellings, provided by the native reader [see page 63 onwards]). 74 This is a narrow transcription including reconstructed sounds (marked by [square brackets]) based either on his<strong>to</strong>rical, internal, or paleographic evidence. 75 This is really a gloss rather than translation (a gloss is a short general translation of a word or morpheme which does not take in<strong>to</strong> account the context in which it occurs). Nonetheless, when several well-attested meanings exist, these are sorted (in the order of numerical ascendancy) from the most literal <strong>to</strong> the most figurative. The latter do (<strong>to</strong> a certain degree) take in<strong>to</strong> consideration the various meaning that the contexts of wordscan potentially imbue them with. Abbreviations of grammatical category follow the expression in (parentheses): adj: adjective, adv: adverb, cn: composite noun, cop: copula, dem: demonstrative pronoun, ip: independent pronoun, iv: intransitive verb, ivd: intransitive verb (derived), n: noun, ncl: numeral classifier, num: numeral, part: particle, poss: possessive prefix, prep: preposition, prpo: pronominal (absolutive) postfix, prpr: pronominal (ergative) prefix, pv: positional verb, sp: stative participles, <strong>to</strong>p: <strong>to</strong>ponym, tv: transitive verb, tvd: transitive verb (derived). 76 The alternative spellings are based on Boot 2009, Lacadena and Wichmann 2004, Lacadena and Zender 2001, and Lacadena (personal communication, 2003). 77 A prefix, proclitic, or classifica<strong>to</strong>r denoting person, agent, doer, office, causer, characteristics, or male sex. 78 See page 15 for different variations of the ajaw sign. 79/154