Watershed Conservation Plan - Destination Erie

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Fike, J. 1999 Terrestrial and Palustrine Plant Communities of Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania Natural Diversity Inventory, June 1999. Finley, M. 2001 On Race and Space. Minnesota, March-April 2001: 22-26, available at: http://www1.umn.edu/irp/publications/Law.pdf. FishErie 2008 Pennsylvania Streams of the Lake Erie Watershed. Electronic Document, http://www.fishusa.com/FishErie/StreamDescriptions.asp, accessed April 2008. FishUSA.com, Erie, Pennsylvania. Fox, W. A. 1990 The Middle Woodland to Late Woodland Transition. In Archaeology of Southern Ontario to A.D. 1650, edited by C. J. Ellis and N. Ferris, pp. 171–188. Occasional Publications Number 5. London Chapter, of the Ontario Archaeological Society, Inc., London, Ontario. French, J. R .P., III, and D. W. Schloesser 1991 Growth and Overwinter Survival of the Asiatic clam, Corbicula fluminea, in the St. Clair River, Michigan. Hydrobiologia 219(1):165-170. Frison, G. C. 1978 Prehistoric Hunters on the High Plains. Academic Press, New York. Funk, R. E. 1978 Post-Pleistocene Adaptations. In Northeast, edited by B. G. Trigger, pp. 16–27. Handbook of North American Indians, vol. 15, W. C. Sturtevant, general editor. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. Gannett Fleming 2000 Trails and Greenways Plan – Erie County. Prepared for Erie County Department of Planning and Metropolitan Planning Organization. Gardner, W. M. 1974 The Flint Run PaleoIndian Complex: A Preliminary Report, 1971–1972 Seasons. Occasional Publication No. 1. Department of Anthropology, Catholic University of America, Washington, D. C. 1989 An Examination of Cultural Change in the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene (ca. 9200 to 6800 B.C.). In Paleoindian Research in Virginia: A Synthesis, edited by J. M. Wittkofski and T. R. Reinhart, pp. 5–51. Special Publications No. 19. Archaeological Society of Virginia. Roanoke. Geasey, S. O., and H. L. Ballweber 1991 Prehistoric Utilization of the Highland Metarhyolite Outcrop in the Maryland Blue Ridge Province. Archaeology of Eastern North America 19:75–114. George, R. L. 1991 The Spangler Site and the Youghiogheny River Site Cluster: Susquehanna Broadspears in the Upper Ohio Valley. Pennsylvania Archaeologist 61(1):76–87. 1998 The Early Woodland Thorpe Site and the Forest Notched Point. Archaeology of Eastern North America 26:1–32. Goodrich, D. C., D. G. Williams, C. L. Unkrich, R. L. Scott, K. Hultine, D. R. Pool, A. Coes, and J. Hogan 2003 Multiple Approaches to Estimating Ephemeral Channel Recharge. Proceedings First Interagency Conference on Research in the Watersheds, October 27-30-2003, Benson, AZ, pp. 118-124. Goodyear, C. D., T. A. Edsall, D. M. Dempsey, and P. E. Polanski 1982 Atlas of the Spawning and Nursery Areas of Great Lakes Fishes, vol. IX [Lake Erie]. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C. 182
Goodyear, A. C. 1999 The Early Holocene Occupation of the Southeastern United States: A Geoarchaeology Summary. In Ice Age Peoples of North America, edited by R. Bonnichsen and K. Turnmire, pp. 432-481. Oregon University Press, Corvallis. 2001 Evidence for Pre-Clovis Sites in the Eastern United States. Submitted to R. Bonnichsen for the Clovis and Beyond conference volume. Center for the Study of the First Americans, Corvallis, Oregon. Manuscript on file, Mercyhurst Archaeological Institute, Erie, Pennsylvania. Gramly, R. M. 1988 PaleoIndian Sites South of Lake Ontario, Western and Central New York. In Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene Paleoecology and Archaeology of the Eastern Great Lakes Region, edited by R. S. Laub, N. G. Miller, and D. W. Steadman, pp. 265–280. Vol. 33, Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences, Buffalo, New York. Graney, Grossman, Colosimo and Associates, Inc. 2003 Erie County Community Facilities and Utilities Plan, Adopted by Erie County Council, December 9, 2003. Available at: http://www.eriecountyplanning.org/index.phppage=comprehensive-plan-2. Gray, B. S. 2005 Note on the Distribution of the Short-headed Gartersnake (Thamnophis brachystoma) in Erie County, Pennsylvania. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 40(6):105-106. Gray, B.S. and M. Lethaby 2004 a Den Site Utilized by Northern Red-bellied Snake, Storeria occipitomaculata occipitomaculata, in Pennsylvania. Bulletin of the Maryland Herpetological Society 40(3):94-96. Gray, B. S. 2004 Report on a Population of Spotted Turtles, Clemmys guttata, in Western Erie County, Pennsylvania. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 39(2):21-29. 2006 The amphibians and reptiles of the Asbury Woods Greenway, Erie County, Pennsylvania. Bulletin of the Maryland Herpetological Society 42(2):115-126. Gray, B. S. and M. Lethaby 2006 Unpublished records of amphibian and reptile observations in the Pennsylvania Lake Erie watershed, summarized and submitted to J.M. Campbell, Biology Department, Mercyhurst College, Erie, Pennsylvania, December 2006. Grayson, D. K., and D. J. Meltzer 2002 Clovis Hunting and Large Mammal Extinction: A Critical Review of the Evidence. Journal of World Prehistory 16 (2002) 313–359. Great Lakes Information Network (GLIN) 2006 Invasive Species in the Great Lakes Region. Available at: http://www.great-lakes.net/envt/florafauna/invasive/invasive.html#overview. Greber, N. 1990 A Study of Continuity and Contrast between Central Scioto Adena and Hopewell Sites. West Virginia Archaeologist 43:1–26. Gremillion, K. J. 2002 The Development and Dispersal of Agricultural Systems in the Woodland Period Southeast. In The Woodland Southeast, edited by D. G. Anderson and R. C. Mainfort, Jr., pp. 483–501. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa. Griffin, J. 1983 The Midlands. In Ancient North Americans, edited by J. Jennings, pp. 243–301. W. H. Freeman and Company, New York. 183
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Pennsylvania Rivers Conservation Pr
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land to development. Strong communi
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Human resources available to facili
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other communities, organizations, a
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TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures .
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8.3 Sustainable Development and Gov
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Figure 5.14. Average summer phospho
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Figure 10.3. Management Areas propo
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND PLAN AUTHORSHIP
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working with interested teacher and
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Figure 1.3. Perceived importance of
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1.3 Watershed Plan Focus The primar
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Figure 2.2. Detail of the south-cen
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Figure 2.4. Physiographic provinces
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westward. Although the paucity of f
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via the Erigan River, a major river
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Warren and Whittlesey can be found
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evised paleoenvironmental picture,
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characteristic ground stone tools,
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phase represent the most common Lat
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including flexed and extended inhum
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with the appearance of European tra
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The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania wa
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of $800 for the purchase of The Tri
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In addition to these townships, the
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Pittsburgh Railroad had reached New
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Figure 3.3. Density of registered a
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the Whittlesey and Warren III stran
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Table 3.3. Properties in the Study
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Table 3.3—continued Name Address
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Table 3.3—continued Name Address
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"Little Ice Age"), and the validity
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"massasaugies" (Eastern Massasauga
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eport (Col. John Fleeharty) lamente
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flowing streams. The starting point
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elow the park." Apparently the pump
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A submerged arching sand feature is
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of the lake plain and upland areas
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characteristics, and are important
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Lake section (see Figure 2.4). Nota
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Figure 5.2. Flow time series for Tw
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Figure 5.4. Flow time series for Co
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Figure 5.8. Flow per square mile pe
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area that have thicker glacial depo
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Table 5.4. Protected Water Uses for
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Stream Zone County 3—East Branch
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5.10.2 Permitted Discharges The two
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Figure 5.14. Average summer phospho
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Figure 5.15. Graphical analyses of
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Figure 5.17. Average summer nitrate
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Figure 5.19. Mercury concentrations
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Figure 5.20. Map showing locations
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Figure 5.22. Number of stream miles
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91 Figure 5.24. Results of Campbell
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Table 5.6. Range in Number of E. co
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Figure 5.26. Maximum E. coli counts
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The recent investigation completed
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Figure 5.30. Sources of known nondo
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6 NATURAL RESOURCES 6.1 Animal Life
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Rank Status Taxon Common Name Globa
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Table 6.2. Pennsylvania Vertebrate
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Table 6.3. Noted Occurrence of Spaw
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Figure 6.4. Water quality designati
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Figure 6.6. Fishing hours spent on
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Figure 6.7. Comparative analysis of
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Figure 6.9. Percentage breakdown of
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A small number of the birds listed
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phytoplankton by Dreissena allows l
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populations increase. Corbicula flu
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Rank Status Taxon Common name Globa
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Rank Status Taxon Common name Globa
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Two other forest wetland plant comm
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6.2.4 Emergent Wetlands Over half o
Page 151 and 152: alleghaniensis), sugar maple, red m
Page 153 and 154: Table 6.6.Percentage Composition of
Page 155 and 156: Figure 6.18. Detail of the largest
Page 157 and 158: Figure 7.1. Responses made by study
Page 159 and 160: Figure 7.3. Spatial distribution of
Page 161 and 162: Presque Isle State Park is connecte
Page 163 and 164: Table 7.2. Number of Recreational O
Page 165 and 166: lakefront recreational properties,
Page 167 and 168: Map Id Subwatershed Comment 51 41.5
Page 169 and 170: Bayfront Center for Maritime Studie
Page 171 and 172: Other watershed associations or wat
Page 173 and 174: Figure 8.1. Child poverty rates in
Page 175 and 176: comprehensive vision or plan, have
Page 177 and 178: and municipalities should be encour
Page 179 and 180: 5. In order to sustain maximum biod
Page 181 and 182: 10 PRIORITIES AND STRATEGIES FOR AC
Page 183 and 184: easements for riparian areas, and p
Page 185 and 186: Table 10.2 Management Areas Defined
Page 187 and 188: Figure 10.2. Example of how GIS can
Page 189 and 190: Figure 10.4. Example of how GIS can
Page 191 and 192: Watershed Portion MAs Main Subwater
Page 193 and 194: Restoration actions Management Area
Page 195 and 196: 11 REFERENCES CITED Abrams, M. D. 2
Page 197 and 198: Broyles, B. J. 1971 Second Prelimin
Page 199 and 200: Cooper, N. L., J. R. Bidwell, and D
Page 201: Dzurko, Robert 1972 Conneaut Creek
Page 205 and 206: Jasim, S. Y., A. Irabelli, L. Schwe
Page 207 and 208: Leighton, R. 2006 Pennsylvania Fish
Page 209 and 210: Michaels, A. 2005 Pennsylvania Has
Page 211 and 212: 2007d Waterways, Wetlands, and Eros
Page 213 and 214: Richardson, J. B., and J. B. Peters
Page 215 and 216: Soon, W. and S. Baliunas 2003 Proxy
Page 217 and 218: Tomikel and Shepps 1967 Trasande, L
Page 219: Whitley, D. S., and R. I. Dorn 1993
Page 223 and 224: Preparing For Watershed Conservatio
Page 225 and 226: Introduction (cont’d) In March of
Page 227 and 228: Executive Summary Overall, responde
Page 229 and 230: Executive Summary (cont’d) Cont
Page 231 and 232: Summary Of Key Groups (cont’d) Ur
Page 233 and 234: Please Indicate Whether You Agree,
Page 235 and 236: In Your Opinion, Is The Need For Im
Page 237 and 238: If You Had To Choose Between Proper
Page 239 and 240: Favorite Locations For Recreation I
Page 241 and 242: Favorite Motor Boating Locations To
Page 243 and 244: Favorite Hiking Locations Location
Page 245 and 246: Favorite Swimming Locations Total R
Page 247 and 248: Knowledge Of Historic And Prehistor
Page 249: Support For Stream Protection Measu
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LERC Rivers Conservation Plan Publi
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• Mason: As far as education, get
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• Kloss: Educate people about Act
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Great Lakes Commission http://www.g
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Center for Economic and Environment
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The Erie County portion of the Penn
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Feature Parameters Parameter Variab
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Feature Parameters Parameter Variab
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