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In his essay “Notes from Iran”, in which The author Vahdettin
Ince states that he had to ponder for a long time
to describe the Mashad city of Iran, uses the following
expressions which he states he found at the very end of
his journey: “Mashad meant depth. It was really deep.
This depth was the thing which makes Mashad unique
among all the other cities I have seen so far. The comprehensional
and the historical deepness of Iran were hand in
hand. In the Mashad valley, The wisdom of Firdevsi, Ibn-i
Sina, Gazzaliand Molla Sadran meet the comprehension
of Ehl-i Beyt, they were yeasted with elegatic poetry of
Ostan-ı Horasan-ı Rezevi in the deepness of it, and getting
ready for the future again.
I think that the description that Ince gives for the mood
which I call flowing, is the most suitable one to Describe
Mashad and the Islamic Complex of Imam Rıza. I use the
expression “complex”, because the complex of Imam Rıza
looks almost like a city with its yards, masjits, tombs, museums,
libraries, hospitals and dining halls huger than each
other. The 75-hectare-tomb area which is visited by millions
of people every day, and its surrounding are called, Harem-i
Motahhar (Sacred Tomb) buildings.
Imam Rıza is the eighth imam of twelve Ahlul Bayd imams.
The history of Mashad, where his tomb is located, has been
formed in the light of the life of Imam Rıza.Being the heir
of the Abbasi Caliphs, He died here in 817 Poisoned by
the grapes he ate. Mashad, which was a small city at that
time, grew and developed due to the tomb of Imam Rıza
growing over the passage of time, and the ever increasing
number of visitors to the tomb.. It is claimed that 12 million
visitors come to Mashad, which is one of the places
visited by both Iranian Shiahs, and the other Shiahs living
in nearby countries. Contrary to what we usually do, these
visitors don’t simply leave the tomb right after reciting the
Surah Al-fatiha.
In Shiah’ belief, both mosques and tombs are visited actively
and admired greatly. Life around tombs, as well
as mosques, is quite active. According to the traditional
Shiah belief, people mourn for the tragic events, mainly
for Kerbela during tomb visits.. It is possible to see the
male and female Iranians who are praying and mourning
in tears. The Shiahs call the visitors of the Imam Rıza
tomb‘’ Mashadis’’.
The History Of The Golden Domed Tomb
It is known that the first tomb of Imam Rıza was built by
Caliph Harun Reshid in the 9 th century. This tomb was destroyed
due to the attacks that happened in the 10th century,
and was rebuilt by Sultan Mahmud
of Ghazne in 1009. In 12 th century, the
Mongols damaged the tomb enormously.Later
the tomb was restored again.In
15th century, Timur’s son Şahruh and his
army didn’t do any harm to Mashad,and
showed great admiration to the tomb. In
the 18 th century, Nadir Shah offered im-