Insects of Southern Australian Broadacre Farming Systems - Grains ...
Insects of Southern Australian Broadacre Farming Systems - Grains ...
Insects of Southern Australian Broadacre Farming Systems - Grains ...
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Table 3.1 Mouthpart types and associated damage symptoms continued<br />
MOUTH HOOKS<br />
Many juvenile flies (Diptera) or maggots have modified mouthparts called mouth hooks.<br />
Predatory species use this specialised mouthpart to capture (hook) their prey e.g. the larval stage <strong>of</strong> the hoverfly.<br />
Mouth hook<br />
Breathing hole<br />
(prothoracic spiracle)<br />
Source: Modified from Peterson (1960)<br />
<strong>Insects</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Broadacre</strong> <strong>Farming</strong> <strong>Systems</strong> Identification Manual and Education Resource © 2012<br />
RADULA (rasping mouthparts)<br />
Confined to molluscs (snails and slugs).<br />
General damage symptoms include shredded edges or strips removed (cereals) and chewing (pulses).<br />
Seedlings can <strong>of</strong>ten be eaten to ground level.<br />
6<br />
Radula<br />
Jaw<br />
Mouth<br />
opening<br />
Source: Modified from Smith & Kershaw (1979)<br />
SECTION 3 IMPORTANT INSECT GROUPS AND IDENTIFICATION KEYS<br />
Oesophagus<br />
Radula gland<br />
Cartilage
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