Feasibility Study of Proposed Tourism Dev in Shewula, NE ...

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Chapter 5 - Environmental Evaluation of the proposed Shewula Tourism Development 5.2. FINDINGS 5.2.1. Environmental legislation Environmental legislation can guide the formulation and establishment of other sectoral policies towards a sustainable future. It is intended to ensure that the broader environment is adequately protected and sufficiently considered during development planning. In the context of the present world economic order, which does not promote voluntary protection of the environment, environmental legislation is one of the tools available to ensure that the environment is not detrimentally affected by human activities. 5.2.1.1. Legal and policy requirements The Environmental Audit, Assessment, & Review Regulations (1996) (hereafter referred to as 'the Regulations') promulgated in terms of Section 18 of the Swaziland Environment Authority Act (No. 15 of 1992), provide for varying degrees of environmental assessments to be carried out. These Regulations also establish guidelines for environmental impact assessments and environmental audit reports in Swaziland. The Swaziland Environment Authority (SEA) administers the Regulations. In accordance with the Regulations, a project brief for the proposed tourism development in Shewula was submitted to the SEA, together with accompanying maps of the area. The SEA has subsequently classified the proposed tourism development as a Category 2 development. 102 Category 2 projects, according to the Regulations, are deemed likely to cause environmental impacts, some of which may be significant unless mitigation actions are taken. Such projects are deemed to cause impacts which are relatively well known and easy to predict, as are the potential mitigation actions that may be utilised. In terms of a Category 2 development, the project proponent (i.e. the person / persons who are ultimately responsible for the project's implementation) must submit an Initial Environmental Evaluation (IEE) and a Comprehensive Mitigation Plan (CMP) to the SEA. The Regulations suggest a number of requirements for the process to be following when drawing up an IEE. These requirements are summarised in Box 5.1 and have been incorporated into a generic IEE document (see Appendix 2). 103 5.2.2. Environmental norms and standards 5.2.2.1. International norms To adhere to international environmental norms and standards, it is recommended that the principles of Scoping in the Integrated Environmental Management (IEM) process be applied to this IEE. The IEM procedure provides a framework for the integration of environmental issues into the planning, design, decision-making and implementation of plans and development proposals. In addition, the IEM procedure lists a number of key principles, which are intended to ensure that negative environmental impacts are maximised and positive benefits are enhanced. 102 Due to the fact the project was classified according to the original proposal, an updated project brief may need to be submitted to the SEA. Mr. Steve Zuke of the SEA should be consulted on this matter. 103 This draft IEE provides a template that should be updated for submission to the SEA once the necessary information is available. 116
Chapter 5 - Environmental Evaluation of the proposed Shewula Tourism Development In December 1992, the Government of Swaziland passed an Act of Parliament that provided for the setting up of the Swaziland Environment Authority. This action was seen to be the result of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development held in Rio de Janeiro in June 1992. In so doing the Government was committing itself to adhere to international environmental norms and practices. 5.2.2.2. Public consultation and participation One of the more important principles in IEM and in rural development projects is to ensure that an in-depth participation process has been undertaken. This is often in the form of a scoping study, so as to identify the issues that are relevant to the proposed development. These are then assessed as part of the planning process if they are relevant to the development. The main aim of a participatory process is to ensure the involvement of the l&APs, and especially the local community, in the planning and implementation process. A public participation process was undertaken as a part of the larger study on the feasibility of the proposed tourism development. Some members of the community provided input towards the planning of the proposed tourism development. The results of the community participation process have been integrated into this report (See also Chapter 4).
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A Feasibility Study of the Proposed
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would
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2.3. Biophysical Context ..........
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6.1.4. Conclusions ................
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Box 9.1 Figure 6.1. Consideration o
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
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Executive Summary INTRODUCTION The
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Executive Summary The findings of t
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Executive Summary Positive aspects:
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Executive Summary • Tourism input
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Chapter 1 - Introduction This chapt
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Chapter 1 - Introduction 1.1.2. Des
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Chapter 1 - Introduction Objective
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Chapter 1 - Introduction It has bec
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Chapter 1 - Introduction • Local
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Chapter 1 - Introduction Sustainabl
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Chapter 1 - Introduction 1.4.2.2. G
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Chapter 1 - Introduction A particip
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Chapter 1 - Introduction 1.5.2.3. I
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inevitably lost. In some instances,
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the translation that occurred durin
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2.1. INTRODUCTION This chapter prov
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Chapter 2 • Situational Assessmen
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Although the reserve is relatively
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Chapter 2 ■ Situational Assessmen
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parks and reserves. As SNTC oversee
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2.4.3.4. British Council The Britis
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2.4.4.3. Economic support structure
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One of the transfrontier initiative
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The iNcwala or 'first fruits' cerem
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These political changes have eroded
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Chapter 2 - Situational Assessment
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Chapter 2 - Situational Assessment
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Chapter 3 - An Initial Assessment o
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3.5. RECOMMENDATIONS The recommenda
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Chapter 8 - Recommendations 8.2.4.
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Chapter 9 - The Way Forward proposa
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Chapter 9 - The Way Forward Notes o
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Chapter 9 - The Way Forward communi
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References Obua, J. 1997: The Poten
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The four questions that the study t
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3. Requirements The resources that
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Outreach programme at Mlawula could
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If the tourism development site wer
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