Cesar2000-Economics of Coral Reefs.pdf

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Jones, R., (1997) “Effects of Cyanide on Coral”. SPC Live Reef Fish Information Bulletin, No. 3, pp. 3–8. Jones, R. J., & Steven, A. L., (1997) “Effects of cyanide on corals in relation to cyanide fishing on reefs”. Mar. Freshwat. Res. Vol. 48, pp. 517–522 Lau, P., & Parry-Jones, R., (1999) The Hong Kong Trade in Live Reef Fish for Food. TRAFFIC-East Asia and World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) Hong Kong. Lathrop, C., & Hourigan, T., (1997) “The United States and the Live Reef Fish Trade: Trade-Based Solutions to Cyanide Fishing in the Asia-Pacific Region”. Proceedings of the APEC “Workshop on Destructive Fishing Practices on the Marine Environment,” 16–18 December 1997, Hong Kong, pp. 190–199. Lind, D., Smith, L., & Broderius, S., (1977) “Chronic Effects of Hydrogen Cyanide on the Fathead Minnow”. Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation, February, pp.262–268. McAllister, D., (1999) “Is Mariculture the Remedy to Problems of Coral Reefs of Coastal Communities”. 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Pet, J., Squire, L., Subagyo, C., & Mulyadi, A., (1999) “Grouper and Napolean Wrasse Spawning Aggregation Sites, Komodo National Park”. Monitoring Report 1998–1999. The Nature Conservancy, Jakarta. Phillips, M., (1999) “Management Strategies in Sustainable Shrimp Culture”. Paper presented at the NACA workshop on “Development of Sustainable Management Practices in Shrimp Farming”, July 30–31, 1999, Bangkok, Thailand (http://naca.fisheries.go.th). Rasim, B., James, C., Al-Thobaiti, S., & Carlos, M., (1997) “Spawning of the Camouflage Grouper Epinephelus polyphekadion in the Hypersaline Waters of Saudi Arabia”. Asian Fisheries Science, No. 9, pp. 251–259. Rhodes, K. L., (1999). “Grouper aggregation protection in proactive Pohnpei”. Secretariat of the Pacific Community, Live Reef Fish Information Bulletin, Vol.6, pp. 14–15. Richards, A., (1993) “Live Reef Fish Export Fisheries in Papau New Guinea: Current Status and Future Prospects” Unpublished report. 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Spalding, M., & Grenfell, A., (1997) “New Estimates of Global and Regional Coral Reef Areas”. Coral Reefs, Vol. 16, pp.225– 230. Sugama, K., Wardoyo, T., Hutapea, J., Matsuda, H., & Kumagai, S., (1999) “Natural Spawning and Larval Rearing of Barramundi Cod Cromileptes altevelis in Tank.” SPC Live Reef Fish Information Bulletin, No. 5, pp. 40–41. Taiwan Fisheries Bureau (1997) Fisheries Yearbook Taiwan Area. Department of Agriculture and Forestry, Provincial Government of Taiwan, Taiwan. Uwate, K., & Shams, A., (1997) “Bahrain Fish Stock Enhancement: Lessons Learned and Prospects for the Future”. SPC Live Reef Fish Information Bulletin, No. 3, pp. 9–13. Vincent, A., (1997) “Community-based management for a sustainable seahorse fishery”. In: Handcock, D., Smith, D., Grant, A., & Beumer, J., (eds.) Proceedings of the 2 nd World Fisheries Congress, Brisbane, 1996, pp. 761–766. Williams, M. (1996) “Transition in the Contribution of Aquatic Resources to Food Security”. In: de Silva, S., (ed.). Perspectives in Asian Fisheries: A Volume to Commemorate the 10 th Anniversary of the Asian Fisheries Society. Asian Fisheries Society, Makati, Philippines. Vol. 497, pp.1–58. World Bank (2000) Opportunities and Constraints of Grouper Aquaculture in Asia. The World Bank, Washington, DC. MARINE MARKET TRANSFORMATION OF THE LIVE REEF FISH FOOD TRADE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA 157
Page 2 and 3:
Collected Essays on the Economics o
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Table of Contents Acknowledgements
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Foreword Corals and coral reefs hav
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● ● ● ● assessing the threa
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fishing is lucrative from the indiv
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Coral Reefs: Their Functions, Threa
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Table 1. Ecosystem functions and co
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Figure 1. Yield of Trochus Shells i
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Figure 2. Total Economic Value and
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Table 3. Total Net Benefits and Los
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Table 5. Valuation Techniques used
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people live from the Park, the high
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duction or logging) would have an e
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Hatcher, B. G., Johannes, R. E., &
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Thorhaug, A., (1992) “Oil Spills
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Authors Threats Mgt. Description Is
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
Page 38 and 39:
Assessing the Benefits of Improving
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2.2 Coral Reef Quality Change and t
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Five groups were given and the resp
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The total sample mean was similar a
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one of the five categories were nex
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4.4 Protecting Rights and the Desir
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able for tourists versus locals was
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problem that where respondents are
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turists who regularly handle soil e
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expanding tourist industry based on
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ism and fisheries. Logging activiti
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Table 2. Fisheries gross revenue an
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an ‘Environmentally Critical Area
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25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0
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sized animals — even at the most
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greater willingness among environme
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stroyed was 7.5 fish times 0.19 ope
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were affected by cyanide squirts fo
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Russ, G. R., (1991) “Coral reef f
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eefs that are not too remote, can n
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Table 2. Estimated net income (US$/
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Table 4. Results of base case and t
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ating the destruction of its coral
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creased. Besides these direct effec
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3. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS: SOCIETAL COST
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3.2 Case Study 2: Sri Lanka The soc
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A first difference between the two
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Coral Bleaching in the Indian Ocean
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leaching occurred in the Maldives,
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months after the coral bleaching ev
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Level of importance 35 30 25 20 15
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trols. What is useful from the data
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most disappointing: food and bevera
Page 104 and 105: REFERENCES Anderson, R. C., Waheed,
Page 106 and 107: also seem capable of providing many
Page 108 and 109: Table 1. Summary of Findings of Eco
Page 110 and 111: Table 2-A. Summary Table of Bioecon
Page 112 and 113: lation for the spawning stock abund
Page 114 and 115: 3.2.1 DENSITY-DEPENDENT MIGRATION M
Page 116 and 117: 3.2.3 DENSITY-DEPENDENT AND UNI-DIR
Page 118 and 119: 4.2 Habitat Protection A critical a
Page 120 and 121: REFERENCES Alcala, A. C., (1989)
Page 122 and 123: Russ, G. R., & Alcala, A. C., (1996
Page 124 and 125: poses of this review, the mechanism
Page 126 and 127: Supervision and training of labour
Page 128 and 129: Table 1. Comparison of restoration
Page 130 and 131: elating to the case studies. Recrea
Page 132 and 133: Value of reef products and services
Page 134 and 135: Fitzharding, R. C., & Bailey-Brock,
Page 136 and 137: 1995). Global annual retail value o
Page 138 and 139: Table 1. Market Prices in Hong Kong
Page 140 and 141: 2.3 Recent Trends The Asian financi
Page 142 and 143: destructive, since corals are often
Page 144 and 145: (input factors are indicated by blu
Page 146 and 147: Table 2. Challenges of grouper cult
Page 148 and 149: stages when natural mortality is hi
Page 150 and 151: STRENGTHEN ENFORCEMENT AND MONITORI
Page 152 and 153: 32 Several efforts along these line
Page 156 and 157: ▲ An Economic and Ecological Anal
Page 158 and 159: The Park was re-established and rev
Page 160 and 161: associated with dive tourism and th
Page 162 and 163: Apparent stress threshold B A S 1 P
Page 164 and 165: A Comparative Study of Socio-Econom
Page 166 and 167: Table 1. Key Site Characteristics C
Page 168 and 169: Level Target Respondent Information
Page 170 and 171: Table 2. Variables Used in the Econ
Page 172 and 173: Table 3. Tied P-Values for Differen
Page 174 and 175: as, lagoons and coral reefs were pe
Page 176 and 177: Table 5. Results of the Econometric
Page 178 and 179: ties may not reveal their true perc
Page 180 and 181: Salafsky, N., Cordes, B., John Park
Page 182 and 183: ICZM guides jointly the activities
Page 184 and 185: such as alternative means of beach
Page 186 and 187: 2.3.2 CONTRIBUTIONS TO UTILITY —
Page 188 and 189: marginal benefit function, relating
Page 190 and 191: the type of use, are not linked to
Page 192 and 193: 4. FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR DECISION S
Page 194 and 195: Huber, R. M., & Jameson, S. C., (19
Page 196 and 197: Appendix. Economic valuation studie
Page 198 and 199: Ecosystem and Approach ____________
Page 200 and 201: Ecosystem and Approach ____________
Page 202 and 203: Contemporary national development p
Page 204 and 205:
The PBPA contains four prominent ex
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5. INTERACTIONS BETWEEN ECOSYSTEM S
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Table 2. Categories of Ecosystems i
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MEY shows the enormous level of ove
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the ecosystem together. The total (
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▲ tourism, coastal protection and
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has dramatically decreased from abo
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seaweed per year is generating abou
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Table 4. Current (1999) annual net
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The essential activities that can e
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their overall economic benefit to i
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Private Sector Management of Marine
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ety of important conservation and o
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50 40 # incidents 30 20 10 0 J A J
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● Investment security is reduced
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onmental practices, and therefore t
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7.4 NGOs Are Not Always Accountable
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Sterner, T, & Andersson, J., (1998)
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perfect but not completed and origi
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Jeff Muller, Economist, World Bank,
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