Vegetation Classification and Mapping Project Report - USGS

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Appendix C: Global and local plant community descriptions C.3 Shrubland C.3.19. Tamarix spp. Temporarily Flooded Semi-natural Shrubland Base map class NatureServe common name NatureServe code Tamarisk.Shrubland Salt-cedar.species.Temporarily.Flooded.Semi-natural. Shrubland CEGL003114 Summary: This broadly defined association is composed of shrublands which form moderately dense to dense thickets on banks of larger streams across the western Great Plains, interior and southwestern U.S., and northern Mexico. Stands are dominated by introduced species of Tamarix, including Tamarix ramosissima, Tamarix chinensis, Tamarix gallica, and Tamarix parviflora. Tamarix spp. were introduced from the Mediterranean and have become naturalized in various sites, including salt flats and other saline habitats, springs, and especially along streams and regulated rivers, where it replaces the native vegetation, such as shrublands dominated by species of Salix or Prosopis or woodlands of Populus spp. A remnant herbaceous layer may be present, depending on the age and density of the shrub layer, although in many cases this layer also consists of aggressive exotic species such as Lepidium latifolium. Tamarix species have become a critical nuisance along most large rivers in the semi-arid West and, because of permanent changes in flood regimes and the diffculty of removing trees, reflect irreversibly changed vegetation on many sites. Classification confidence: 1 - Strong. Classification comments: Globally. This is a broadly defined plant association that is composed of many diverse Tamarix spp.-dominated vegetation communities from a wide variety of environments. Muldavin et al. (2000a) described 8 community types that will be reviewed as possible USNVC associations. Petrified Forest National Park. This association was dominated by the non-native invasive species Tamarix spp. These species are currently invading southwestern riparian systems. This map class should be re-evaluated regularly to assess changes in the distribution of this community type. Although this map class only occurred in a few polygons, this does not mean that Tamarix spp. do not occur in other locations in the project area. The association was only mapped in areas larger than the minimum mapping unit and in areas where Tamarix spp. dominated the species cover. During the classification field work, this species was identified as Tamarix chinensis; however, since the taxonomy of this species is not well-known and appropriate keys have not been developed to identify it, we used only the genus level to classify these relevés into an association. Vegetation hierarchy: Physiognomic class III Shrubland Physiognomic subclass III.A. Evergreen.shrubland Physiognomic group III.A.4. Microphyllous.evergreen.shrubland Physiognomic subgroup III.A.4.N. Natural/Semi-natural.microphyllous.evergreen.shrubland Formation name III.A.4.N.c. Temporarily.flooded.microphyllous.shrubland Alliance name Tamarix.spp..Semi-Natural.Temporarily.Flooded. Shrubland.Alliance.(A.842),.Salt-cedar.species.Seminatural.Temporarily.Flooded.Shrubland.Alliance C61
Vegetation Classification and Distribution Mapping Report: Petrified Forest National Park Ecological systems placement: Ecological system unique ID CES306.821 CES306.821 Ecological system name Rocky.Mountain.Lower.Montane-Foothill.Riparian.Woodland. and.Shrubland Rocky.Mountain.Lower.Montane-Foothill.Riparian.Woodland. and.Shrubland NatureServe conservation status: Global rank. GNA (invasive) (24-Jul-2001). Distribution: Globally. This semi-natural shrubland is found along drainages in the semi-arid western Great Plains, interior and southwestern U.S. and northern Mexico, from central and eastern Montana, south to Colorado, western Oklahoma and Texas, west to California. Petrified Forest National Park. Tamarix spp. Semi-natural Temporarily Flooded Shrubland was identified from two relevés in Petrified Forest National Park. These relevés occurred on bajada and talus landforms in the central neck area of the park along the northern edges of the Puerco River, both east and west of the park road. Environmental summary: Globally. These widespread shrublands are common along larger streams, rivers, and around playas in the western U.S. and Mexico. Elevation ranges from 75 m below sea level to 1860 m. Tamarix spp. have become naturalized in various sites including riverbanks, floodplains, basins, sandbars, side channels, springs, salt flats, and other saline habitats. Stands grow especially well along regulated rivers where flood-regenerated native species such as Populus are declining and the absence of regular scouring floods allows Tamarix seedlings to become established. Substrates are commonly thin sandy loam soil over alluvial deposits of sand, gravel, or cobbles. Petrified Forest National Park. This association occurred at 1625 and 1639 m (5330-5377 ft) elevation. Slope ranged from none to low (0-4%). Both of these relevés occurred in areas with intermittent or seasonal flooding. USFWS wetland system: Palustrine. Vegetation description: Globally. This semi-natural shrubland occurs along streams, rivers, and playas where it forms a moderate to dense tall-shrub layer that is solely or strongly dominated by species of Tamarix, including Tamarix ramosissima, Tamarix chinensis, Tamarix gallica, and Tamarix parviflora. Other shrubs may include species of Salix (especially Salix exigua) and Prosopis, Rhus trilobata, and Sarcobatus vermiculatus but with low cover (if shrub species are codominant, then the stand is classified as a natural shrubland). Scattered Acer negundo, Salix amygdaloides, Populus spp., or Elaeagnus angustifolia trees may also be present. Depending on stand age and density of the shrub layer, an herbaceous layer may be present. Associated native species include Distichlis spicata and Sporobolus airoides, and introduced species include Agrostis gigantea, Agrostis stolonifera, and Poa pratensis. Introduced herbaceous species such as Polypogon monspeliensis, Conyza canadensis, Lepidium latifolium, and others have been reported from shrublands in this association. C62
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National Park Service U.S. Departme
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Vegetation Classification and Distr
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The National Park Service, Natural
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Acronyms and Abbreviations AA ac AP
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Executive Summary The classificatio
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Acknowledgments Behind the authors
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Axis 3 Axis 2 Vegetation Classifica
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40 Table 13. Base map class summary
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46 Table 16. Summary statistics for
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56 Table 22. Summary statistics for
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Literature Cited ties: Terrestrial
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B2 Appendix B Plant Community 2003
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B4 Appendix B .continued Plant Comm
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Appendix C: Global and local plant
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Appendix C: Global and Local Plant
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Appendix D Plant species list The s
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D3 Appendix D continued Scientific
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Appendix E Plant community and map
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Appendix E: Plant community and map
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Appendix F Plant community and map
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F3 Appendix F continued Plant commu
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Appendix F continued Plant communit
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G4 B1 Cottonwood / Rubber Rabbitbru
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G6 B3 Blue Sage Dwarf-Shrubland Fig
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G8 B5 Copperweed - Alkali Sacaton S
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G10 B7 Drummond Goldenweed - Gallet
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G12 B9 Greasewood / New Mexico Salt
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G14 B11 Iodine Bush Shrubland Figur
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G16 B13 Sandsage Colorado Plateau S
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G18 B15 Tamarisk Shrubland Figure.G
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G20 B17 Winter-fat / Blue Grama Dwa
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G22 B19 Alkali Sacaton - Blue Grama
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G24 B21 Blue Grama Herbaceous Veget
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G26 B23 Galleta - Alkali Sacaton He
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G28 B25 New Mexico Saltbush / Alkal
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G30 B27 Russian Thistle Sand Dune V
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G32 B29 Arizona Siltbush Sparse Veg
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G34 B31 Slender Buckwheat Sparse Ve
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G36 B33 Airstrip Figure.G65..Photos
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G38 B35 Barren Wash Figure.G68..Gro
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G40 B37 Park Sites Figure.G71..Phot
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G42 B39 Residences Figure.G73..Phot
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G44 B41 Run-off Control Feature Fig
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G46 B43 Stock Ponds Figure.G77..Pho
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G48 B45 Vegetated Wash Complex Figu
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Appendix H: Accuracy Assessment Dat
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Table H-4. Contingency table: Manag
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The Department of the Interior prot
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