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Yablokov: Oncological Diseases after Chernobyl 181TABLE 6.16. Leukemia Morbidity (per 10,000) inChildren of Tula Province, 1979–1985 and 1986–1997 (Ushakova et al., 2001)Years Number of cases, n 95% CI1979–1985 3.4 2.6–4.41986–1997 4.1 3.4–4.9born between January 1, 1980, and December31, 1985, and between January 1, 1988,and December 31, 1990. Elevated rates werealso reported for children born in regions ofGreece with higher levels of radioactive fallout(Petridou et al., 1996).4. ROMANIA. The incidence of leukemia inchildren born between July 1986 and March1987 was significantly higher than for thoseborn between April 1987 and December 1987(386 vs. 173, P = 0.03). The most noticeableeffect is in the newborn to 1-year-old age group(Davydescu et al., 2004).5. EUROPE. Realistic prognosis of blood cancer(all leukemias) morbidity and mortality isshown in Table 6.17.6.4. Other CancersThere are many fragmentary reports aboutthe increased occurrence of breast, lung, andother tumors after the Chernobyl catastrophe.6.4.1. Belarus1. Malignant and nonmalignant neoplasmsin girls (0–14 years old) born to irradiated parentsincreased significantly from 1993 to 2003(National Belarussian Report, 2006).2. From 1987 to 1990 (3 years after the catastrophe)there was a doubling of admissions tothe Minsk Eye Microsurgery Center to treatretinal glioma (retinoblastoma; Byrich et al.,1994).3. Lung cancer morbidity among the evacuees(about 32,000 examined) was fourfoldhigher than the country average (Marples,1996).4. From 1987 to 1999, approximately 26,000cases of radiation-induced malignant neo-TABLE 6.17. Predicted Incidence of RadiogenicBlood Cancer (Leukemia) and the Resultant DeathToll in Europe for the “Chernobyl Generation,”1986–2056 (Malko, 2007)Number of IncludingCountry cases, n fatalitiesUkraine 2,801 1,989Belarus 2,800 1,988Russia 2,512 1,784Germany 918 652Romania 517 367Austria 500 355Great Britain 423 300Czech Republic 140 99Italy 373 265Bulgaria 289 205Sweden 196 139Greece 186 132Poland 174 124Finland 158 112Switzerland 151 107Moldova 131 93France 121 86Slovenia 95 67Norway 91 65Slovakia 71 50Hungary 62 44Croatia 62 44Lithuania 42 30Ireland 37 26The Netherlands 13 9Belgium 11 8Spain 8 6Latvia 7 5Denmark 7 5Estonia 6 4Luxembourg 2 1European total 12,904 9,161Included figures 8,113 5,761for Belarus, Ukraine,and Russiaplasms (including leukemia) were registered inthe country, of which skin cancer accounted for18.7% of the cases, lung cancer 10.5%, andstomach cancer 9.5%. Approximately 11,000people died, 20.3% because of lung cancer and18.4% from stomach cancer (Okeanov et al.,1996; Goncharova, 2000).5. From 1990 to 2003, breast cancer morbidityrates in the districts of Gomel Province