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Yablokov: Radioactive Impact on Flora 239TABLE 9.2. Concentration of Three Radionuclidesin Pine Needles in Central Finland, May–December 1986 (Lang et al., 1988)RadionuclideConcentration, Bq/kgCs-137 30,000Ce-141 40,000Ru-103 35,000concentrations increased as much as fivefoldin 1986 (Grodzinsky et al., 1995c). Figure 9.2shows the concentration of C-14 in three rings(percent compared to the 1950 level) of pine(Pinus silvestris) from the 10-km zone.6. There was a marked increase in the totalamount of radionuclides in tree rings ofpine (Pinus silvestris) in the Karelia Republic,Russian northwest (more than 1,200 km fromChernobyl) after the catastrophe (Figure 9.3).It is important to note that Karelia officiallycharacterized the level of contamination as verymoderate (