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to regain UK powers were deeply damaging. 70 Within the UK government, the divide in opinions over the UK’s membership in the EU has led to David Cameron attempting to appease all parties. The PM’s inconsistent stance on the EU over the year does not present a stable picture of the EU to the UK public. In December, Cameron’s veto over the Eurozone crisis would dramatically alter the UK’s position within the EU and separate it from other EU Member States. His move threatened the stability of the EU in order to prioritize the UK’s agenda. There are reports that the majority of the UK public supported his decision, falling in line with the Eurosceptic trend. 71 Internally, the coalition government has remained divided throughout the year. Deputy PM Nick Clegg has warned of the dangers of "fragmentation" 72 and other senior government officials have also expressed disdain over the outcome. 73 France and Germany have shown a loyalty towards the UK, despite Cameron supposedly agitating relations. 74 It remains to be seen what the consequences are, but initial responses suggest the UK could easily become isolated from EU affairs. 75 211
1 George, S. An Awkward Partner: Britain in the European Community. 3rd. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999. 2 CIA - World Fact Book. 2011. Date of access: 08/01/2012. 3 "UK Country Profile." BBC News, Monday, 12 December 2011. Date of access: 03/01/2012. 4 EU. Member Countries: United Kingdom. 2011. Date of access: 03/01/2012. 5 "BBC: World's largest broadcaster & most trusted media brand." BBC News. 13 August 2009. Date of access: 04/01/2012. 6 "Ten years of BBS News Online." PDA The Digital Content Blog. The Guardian. 30 October 2007. Date of access: 04/01/2012. 7 "Inside the BBC." BBC News. 2011. Date of access: 04/01/2012. 8 Rusbridger, Alan. "The Guardian Brand." The Guardian. 30 April 2010. Date of access: 04/01/2012. 9 Kiss, Jemima. "ABCe: Mail Online tops 3m daily users." The Guardian. 27 January 2011. Date of access: 04/01/2012. 10 Kiss, Jemima. "ABCe: Mail Online tops 3m daily users." The Guardian. 27 January 2011. Date of access: 04/01/2012. 11 "Time allotted to EU debate is disgrace, says Tory MP." BBC News. 24 January 2011. Date of access: 08/01/2012. 12 "'No wriggle-room' in EU bill, says Tory minister." The Guardian. 11 January 2011. Date of access: 14/01/2012. 13 “Conservatives want tough UK message to European Union.” BBC News. 05 June 2011. Date of access: 08/01/2012. 14 "Tory MPs seeking Labour dialogue over 'EU overhaul'." BBC News. 7 September 2011. Date of access: 08/01/2012. 15 "100,000 sign petition calling for EU referendum." BBC News. 8 September 2011. Date of access: 08/01/2012. 16 "Cameron rules out 'in or out' EU vote." BBC News. 2 October 2011. Date of access: 08/01/2012. 17 "'Disillusioned' Tory MEP Roger Helmer to stand down." BBC News. 12 October 2011. Date of access: 08/01/2012. 18 "Ex-treasurer Lord Hesketh quits Tories for UKIP." BBC News. 11 October 2011. Date of access: 08/01/2012. 19 Clark, Tom. "EU referendum: poll shows 49% would vote for UK withdrawal." The Guardian. 24 October 2011. Date of access: 14/01/2012. 20 D’Arcy, Mark. " The bid for an EU referendum could leave a toxic legacy" BBC News. 19 October 2011. Date of access: 08/01/2012. 21 "Euro crisis 'opportunity for UK' to reclaim powers - PM." BBC News. 14 November 2011. Date of access: 08/01/2012. 22 Owen, Glen. "Labour and Tory MPs unite to devise plot for Britain to leave the EU." The Daily Mail. 19 September 2011. Date of access: 14/01/2012. 23 "UK pushes EU to demand that Gaddafi quit." The Guardian. 10 March 2011. Date of access: 14/01/2012. 212
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to t
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CONTENTS GLOSSARY 6 INTRODUCTION 7
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GLOSSARY CEPS Centre for European P
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We sincerely hope that you find our
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BACKGROUND: Austria joined the EU i
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EU Enlargement Another prominent is
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fied EU asylum policy. Once again,
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24 Solana, Javier. "Die Türkei und
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BACKGROUND: Belgium is a constituti
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FINDINGS: Assessment of Belgium’s
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- 25 May 2011: The EU pledged an ex
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1 “EU facts.” Civitas. 21 July
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BULGARIA By Anjela Deyanska Ethnic
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media. 7 In 1997 the German press c
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so viewed, by foreign political sci
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Issue of reforms Since Bulgaria’s
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states, and the EU as a whole, indi
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1 "Bulgaria Country Profile." BBC N
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46 "Чехия: Блокиране
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86 "Калфин: Ако не см
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123 Гутсузян, Мишел. "
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BACKGROUND: Denmark became a member
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countries at the expense of small a
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controls despite backlash from Germ
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not agree with the Eurosceptics and
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1 "European Countries-Denmark." Eur
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FRANCE By Emily Barrette Ethnic com
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Libération www.liberation.fr The t
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o “Les divergences entre Paris et
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elationship explicitly questioned.
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26 Semo, Marc. “Paris le lièvre,
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BACKGROUND: Germany has the largest
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EU; however, believe that each stat
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- Over the weekend of 22 October 20
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testing factory farming, the use of
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were opposed to the ECB´s plan to
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1 “CIA - The World Factbook Germa
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41 Brost, Marc, Matthias Krupa, and
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BACKGROUND In 1981, Greece became a
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other Eurozone countries to find a
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1 "Corruption Perception Index 2011
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BACKGROUND: Hungary is a parliament
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tainment’ style. 16 Blikk is targ
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force in record time - one year - w
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first created with Orban at its hel
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1 “The World Factbook: Hungary.
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IRELAND By Chris Granicolo Ethnic c
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The Irish Times www.irishtimes.com
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the urgency of the European situati
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24 Beesley, Arthur. "All the Work R
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BACKGROUND: Italy was one of the si
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editions for the provinces of Lazio
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Italian economy was more stable and
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opean Commission applauded Italy fo
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29 “Sostegno All'Italia Di Merkel
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BACKGROUND: Though only officially
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EFSF in order to “decisively impr
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from Libya. It also reaffirmed its
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ther needed to “force” other me
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22 Mercieca, Nikki Abela. “PM hop
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BACKGROUND: The Netherlands is a co
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Eurozone because of the credit rati
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illegal immigrants. The freedom of
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POLAND By Stanislaw Pelc Ethnic com
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Rzeczpospolita employs many of Gaze
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Eastern Partnership Finally, the ma
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ole of Poland in the EU. They divid
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PORTUGAL By Camilla Guiguer Ethnic
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Diario de Noticias www.dn.pt Diario
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Portuguese faith still exists in th
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1 Advameg, Inc.. "Portugal Press, M
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ROMANIA By Alexandra Savilo Ethnic
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and the newspaper upholds a strong
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voted to it; even though it was onl
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Over the course of the year, most a
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31 Voicu, Anca, Eva Galambos, and M
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63 Toader, Flavius. "Germania şi A
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THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION By Amina Abd
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in total) in Russia in 2011. 7 Desp
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Page 163 and 164: - Finally, the question of energy h
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Page 167 and 168: 37 “Russia And The EU Have Agreed
Page 169 and 170: BACKGROUND: Over the past decade, S
Page 171 and 172: status and the issues surrounding t
Page 173 and 174: forces after an attempt to staff th
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Page 177 and 178: 27 "Merkel: Srbija ne ispunjava usl
Page 179 and 180: BACKGROUND: After its 1986 entry in
Page 181 and 182: lief, Spain would not be requesting
Page 183 and 184: environment and foreign relations w
Page 185 and 186: SWITZERLAND By Rabiya Asad Ethnic c
Page 187 and 188: Swissinfo www.swissinfo.ch Swissinf
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Page 193 and 194: BACKGROUND: Turkey’s relationship
Page 195 and 196: The unfair use of Cyprus as a barga
Page 197 and 198: 1 “EU-Turkey Relations.” Europe
Page 199 and 200: UKRAINE By Tanya Branitska Ethnic m
Page 201 and 202: 1+1 www.1plus1.ua 1+1 is the countr
Page 203 and 204: ecome a notable point in the relati
Page 205 and 206: 1 Van Rompuy, Herman “Remarks of
Page 207 and 208: THE UNITED KINGDOM By Debbie Butts
Page 209 and 210: FINDINGS: In January, there were su
Page 211: into the public arena and being gra
Page 215 and 216: 44 "UK rejects EU call for city cen
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