Messages in the Media - University of Toronto

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BACKGROUND: France is the second largest country in the EU, with a population of just over 62 million. 1 France’s economy is the second largest in Europe and important sectors include agricultural exports, tourism, machinery, automobiles and chemicals. 2 The official language is French, but many regional languages are also spoken. France is a unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic. The President is Nicolas Sarkozy and the Prime Minister François Fillion. 3 France was a founding member of the ECSC in April 1951, a precursor institution the EU. France has played an important role in the development and expansion of the EU: Franco-German cooperation has been essential to furthering European economic integration. 4 MEDIA SOURCES: Le Figaro www.lefigaro.fr Le Figaro is a national daily newspaper founded in Paris in 1826. It is the oldest daily newspaper in France and is the largest of the three main dailies, with a paid daily circulation of just over 332,000. 5 Le Figaro is a conservative paper that generally supports the EU. It is also a supporter of the current French President, Nicolas Sarkozy. 6 Le Monde: www.lemonde.fr Le Monde is the second largest main newspaper in France, with a paid daily circulation of just over 322,000. 7 The newspaper was founded in 1944 in Paris and is known to have centre-left tendencies. 8 Its website receives over 40 million hits monthly and is the most popular online news source in France. 9 55
Libération www.liberation.fr The third quality daily newspaper in France, Libération was founded in 1973 by Jean-Paul Sartre and is a staunchly left-wing newspaper. 10 In 2005, 40% of the newspaper was bought by Édouard de Rothschild, who took a very active role in the paper, which prompted several leading journalists to leave the publication. Libération has an average daily circulation of 115,000 copies. 11 FINDINGS: The Eurozone Crisis - The French media was critical of the EU’s inability to agree on a solution to the Eurozone crisis. 12 - In September 2011, the media reported that France agreed to push for increased budgetary discipline, a system of stricter controls on national deficits, and automatic sanctions on member states. 13 - The media reported on continuing disagreement between France and Germany over whether the new accord would affect all EU member states or only the states in the Eurozone. 14 - The media also focused on a disagreement within the EU about whether there should be a club of ‘super- Europeans’ (countries with a AAA credit rating), who would commit to a stability and growth pact. 15 - The media reported that throughout these negotiations, France positioned itself strongly in favour of ‘solidarité’ among EU countries. 16 - France does not favour providing the EU with the powers to intervene in the domestic economic affairs of its member states, whereas Germany and the Netherlands do. 17 - With the exception of the UK, all member states at the European Council meeting on 9 December 2011, 56
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to t
Page 5 and 6: CONTENTS GLOSSARY 6 INTRODUCTION 7
Page 7 and 8: GLOSSARY CEPS Centre for European P
Page 9 and 10: We sincerely hope that you find our
Page 11 and 12: BACKGROUND: Austria joined the EU i
Page 13 and 14: EU Enlargement Another prominent is
Page 15 and 16: fied EU asylum policy. Once again,
Page 17 and 18: 24 Solana, Javier. "Die Türkei und
Page 19 and 20: BACKGROUND: Belgium is a constituti
Page 21 and 22: FINDINGS: Assessment of Belgium’s
Page 23 and 24: - 25 May 2011: The EU pledged an ex
Page 25 and 26: 1 “EU facts.” Civitas. 21 July
Page 27 and 28: BULGARIA By Anjela Deyanska Ethnic
Page 29 and 30: media. 7 In 1997 the German press c
Page 31 and 32: so viewed, by foreign political sci
Page 33 and 34: Issue of reforms Since Bulgaria’s
Page 35 and 36: states, and the EU as a whole, indi
Page 37 and 38: 1 "Bulgaria Country Profile." BBC N
Page 39 and 40: 46 "Чехия: Блокиране
Page 41 and 42: 86 "Калфин: Ако не см
Page 43 and 44: 123 Гутсузян, Мишел. "
Page 45 and 46: BACKGROUND: Denmark became a member
Page 47 and 48: countries at the expense of small a
Page 49 and 50: controls despite backlash from Germ
Page 51 and 52: not agree with the Eurosceptics and
Page 53 and 54: 1 "European Countries-Denmark." Eur
Page 55: FRANCE By Emily Barrette Ethnic com
Page 59 and 60: o “Les divergences entre Paris et
Page 61 and 62: elationship explicitly questioned.
Page 63 and 64: 26 Semo, Marc. “Paris le lièvre,
Page 65 and 66: BACKGROUND: Germany has the largest
Page 67 and 68: EU; however, believe that each stat
Page 69 and 70: - Over the weekend of 22 October 20
Page 71 and 72: testing factory farming, the use of
Page 73 and 74: were opposed to the ECB´s plan to
Page 75 and 76: 1 “CIA - The World Factbook Germa
Page 77 and 78: 41 Brost, Marc, Matthias Krupa, and
Page 79 and 80: BACKGROUND In 1981, Greece became a
Page 81 and 82: other Eurozone countries to find a
Page 83 and 84: 1 "Corruption Perception Index 2011
Page 85 and 86: BACKGROUND: Hungary is a parliament
Page 87 and 88: tainment’ style. 16 Blikk is targ
Page 89 and 90: force in record time - one year - w
Page 91 and 92: first created with Orban at its hel
Page 93 and 94: 1 “The World Factbook: Hungary.
Page 95 and 96: IRELAND By Chris Granicolo Ethnic c
Page 97 and 98: The Irish Times www.irishtimes.com
Page 99 and 100: the urgency of the European situati
Page 101 and 102: 24 Beesley, Arthur. "All the Work R
Page 103 and 104: BACKGROUND: Italy was one of the si
Page 105 and 106: editions for the provinces of Lazio
Page 107 and 108:
Italian economy was more stable and
Page 109 and 110:
opean Commission applauded Italy fo
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29 “Sostegno All'Italia Di Merkel
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BACKGROUND: Though only officially
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EFSF in order to “decisively impr
Page 117 and 118:
from Libya. It also reaffirmed its
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ther needed to “force” other me
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22 Mercieca, Nikki Abela. “PM hop
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BACKGROUND: The Netherlands is a co
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Eurozone because of the credit rati
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illegal immigrants. The freedom of
Page 129 and 130:
POLAND By Stanislaw Pelc Ethnic com
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Rzeczpospolita employs many of Gaze
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Eastern Partnership Finally, the ma
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ole of Poland in the EU. They divid
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PORTUGAL By Camilla Guiguer Ethnic
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Diario de Noticias www.dn.pt Diario
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Portuguese faith still exists in th
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1 Advameg, Inc.. "Portugal Press, M
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ROMANIA By Alexandra Savilo Ethnic
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and the newspaper upholds a strong
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voted to it; even though it was onl
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Over the course of the year, most a
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31 Voicu, Anca, Eva Galambos, and M
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63 Toader, Flavius. "Germania şi A
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THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION By Amina Abd
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in total) in Russia in 2011. 7 Desp
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Arab Spring The operation in Libya
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- Finally, the question of energy h
Page 165 and 166:
1 Speech by Peter Mandelson, “The
Page 167 and 168:
37 “Russia And The EU Have Agreed
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BACKGROUND: Over the past decade, S
Page 171 and 172:
status and the issues surrounding t
Page 173 and 174:
forces after an attempt to staff th
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that many articles discussed whethe
Page 177 and 178:
27 "Merkel: Srbija ne ispunjava usl
Page 179 and 180:
BACKGROUND: After its 1986 entry in
Page 181 and 182:
lief, Spain would not be requesting
Page 183 and 184:
environment and foreign relations w
Page 185 and 186:
SWITZERLAND By Rabiya Asad Ethnic c
Page 187 and 188:
Swissinfo www.swissinfo.ch Swissinf
Page 189 and 190:
available resources for Swiss natio
Page 191 and 192:
1 "Switzerland Country Profile." BB
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BACKGROUND: Turkey’s relationship
Page 195 and 196:
The unfair use of Cyprus as a barga
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1 “EU-Turkey Relations.” Europe
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UKRAINE By Tanya Branitska Ethnic m
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1+1 www.1plus1.ua 1+1 is the countr
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ecome a notable point in the relati
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1 Van Rompuy, Herman “Remarks of
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THE UNITED KINGDOM By Debbie Butts
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FINDINGS: In January, there were su
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into the public arena and being gra
Page 213 and 214:
1 George, S. An Awkward Partner: Br
Page 215 and 216:
44 "UK rejects EU call for city cen
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