Messages in the Media - University of Toronto

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83 HUNGARY By Shija Zhang Ethnic composition: Hungarian 92.3%, Roma 1.9%, other or unknown 5.8% (2001 census) Population: 9,958,453 (July 2012 est.) GDP per capita: $19,600 (2011 est.) Member since: 2004 EU funding in 2010: net recipient
BACKGROUND: Hungary is a parliamentary democracy located in central Europe. Hungary’s history dates back to around 1000 CE, when the martyr Saint Stephen was crowned king. Following the First World War, the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and the Second World War, Hungary became a single-party state of the communist eastern bloc. After the collapse of communism, Hungary began the process of democratic transition, with the first free parliamentary election being held in 1990. This political transformation brought about the desire to ‘reconnect’ with the rest of Europe In 2004, Hungary, along with nine other candidates joined the EU. 1 The initial celebration was soon overshadowed by doubt, as joining the EU did not deliver the promised benefits. In the recent 2010 parliamentary elections, Viktor Orbán and his centre-right party Fidesz won an absolute majority in the National Assembly, allowing them to implement policies without the need to consult the opposition. 2 Currently, due to the passage of the Fundamental Law, which replaced the previous constitution on 18 April 2011 and which violates several of the EU’s founding principles, there is a major conflict between Brussels and Budapest. 3 In essence, the way that Brussels handles this case will set a precedent for future dealings with Member States that violate the fundamental ideals of the EU. MEDIA SOURCES: In the past decade, the media industry of Hungary has experienced significant changes, largely as a result of the country’s democratic transition and accession to the EU. The most important factor was the arrival of foreign – mainly German – conglomerates that currently control most of the Hungarian media. The press in Hungary is judged to be free, 4 but due to a new media law passed by the current government, which allows for state monitoring and penalizing of private media, there has been speculation that this may no longer be the case. 5 The EU is currently 84
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to t
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CONTENTS GLOSSARY 6 INTRODUCTION 7
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GLOSSARY CEPS Centre for European P
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We sincerely hope that you find our
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BACKGROUND: Austria joined the EU i
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EU Enlargement Another prominent is
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fied EU asylum policy. Once again,
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24 Solana, Javier. "Die Türkei und
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BACKGROUND: Belgium is a constituti
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FINDINGS: Assessment of Belgium’s
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- 25 May 2011: The EU pledged an ex
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1 “EU facts.” Civitas. 21 July
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BULGARIA By Anjela Deyanska Ethnic
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media. 7 In 1997 the German press c
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so viewed, by foreign political sci
Page 33 and 34: Issue of reforms Since Bulgaria’s
Page 35 and 36: states, and the EU as a whole, indi
Page 37 and 38: 1 "Bulgaria Country Profile." BBC N
Page 39 and 40: 46 "Чехия: Блокиране
Page 41 and 42: 86 "Калфин: Ако не см
Page 43 and 44: 123 Гутсузян, Мишел. "
Page 45 and 46: BACKGROUND: Denmark became a member
Page 47 and 48: countries at the expense of small a
Page 49 and 50: controls despite backlash from Germ
Page 51 and 52: not agree with the Eurosceptics and
Page 53 and 54: 1 "European Countries-Denmark." Eur
Page 55 and 56: FRANCE By Emily Barrette Ethnic com
Page 57 and 58: Libération www.liberation.fr The t
Page 59 and 60: o “Les divergences entre Paris et
Page 61 and 62: elationship explicitly questioned.
Page 63 and 64: 26 Semo, Marc. “Paris le lièvre,
Page 65 and 66: BACKGROUND: Germany has the largest
Page 67 and 68: EU; however, believe that each stat
Page 69 and 70: - Over the weekend of 22 October 20
Page 71 and 72: testing factory farming, the use of
Page 73 and 74: were opposed to the ECB´s plan to
Page 75 and 76: 1 “CIA - The World Factbook Germa
Page 77 and 78: 41 Brost, Marc, Matthias Krupa, and
Page 79 and 80: BACKGROUND In 1981, Greece became a
Page 81 and 82: other Eurozone countries to find a
Page 83: 1 "Corruption Perception Index 2011
Page 87 and 88: tainment’ style. 16 Blikk is targ
Page 89 and 90: force in record time - one year - w
Page 91 and 92: first created with Orban at its hel
Page 93 and 94: 1 “The World Factbook: Hungary.
Page 95 and 96: IRELAND By Chris Granicolo Ethnic c
Page 97 and 98: The Irish Times www.irishtimes.com
Page 99 and 100: the urgency of the European situati
Page 101 and 102: 24 Beesley, Arthur. "All the Work R
Page 103 and 104: BACKGROUND: Italy was one of the si
Page 105 and 106: editions for the provinces of Lazio
Page 107 and 108: Italian economy was more stable and
Page 109 and 110: opean Commission applauded Italy fo
Page 111 and 112: 29 “Sostegno All'Italia Di Merkel
Page 113 and 114: BACKGROUND: Though only officially
Page 115 and 116: EFSF in order to “decisively impr
Page 117 and 118: from Libya. It also reaffirmed its
Page 119 and 120: ther needed to “force” other me
Page 121 and 122: 22 Mercieca, Nikki Abela. “PM hop
Page 123 and 124: BACKGROUND: The Netherlands is a co
Page 125 and 126: Eurozone because of the credit rati
Page 127 and 128: illegal immigrants. The freedom of
Page 129 and 130: POLAND By Stanislaw Pelc Ethnic com
Page 131 and 132: Rzeczpospolita employs many of Gaze
Page 133 and 134: Eastern Partnership Finally, the ma
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ole of Poland in the EU. They divid
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PORTUGAL By Camilla Guiguer Ethnic
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Diario de Noticias www.dn.pt Diario
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Portuguese faith still exists in th
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1 Advameg, Inc.. "Portugal Press, M
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ROMANIA By Alexandra Savilo Ethnic
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and the newspaper upholds a strong
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voted to it; even though it was onl
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Over the course of the year, most a
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31 Voicu, Anca, Eva Galambos, and M
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63 Toader, Flavius. "Germania şi A
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THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION By Amina Abd
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in total) in Russia in 2011. 7 Desp
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Arab Spring The operation in Libya
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- Finally, the question of energy h
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1 Speech by Peter Mandelson, “The
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37 “Russia And The EU Have Agreed
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BACKGROUND: Over the past decade, S
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status and the issues surrounding t
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forces after an attempt to staff th
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that many articles discussed whethe
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27 "Merkel: Srbija ne ispunjava usl
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BACKGROUND: After its 1986 entry in
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lief, Spain would not be requesting
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environment and foreign relations w
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SWITZERLAND By Rabiya Asad Ethnic c
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Swissinfo www.swissinfo.ch Swissinf
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available resources for Swiss natio
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1 "Switzerland Country Profile." BB
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BACKGROUND: Turkey’s relationship
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The unfair use of Cyprus as a barga
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1 “EU-Turkey Relations.” Europe
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UKRAINE By Tanya Branitska Ethnic m
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1+1 www.1plus1.ua 1+1 is the countr
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ecome a notable point in the relati
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1 Van Rompuy, Herman “Remarks of
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THE UNITED KINGDOM By Debbie Butts
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FINDINGS: In January, there were su
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into the public arena and being gra
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1 George, S. An Awkward Partner: Br
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44 "UK rejects EU call for city cen
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Messages in the Media - University of Toronto

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