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A B S T R A C T B O O K – A B S T R A C T S O F T A L K S Session 3/4. Photobiology, photosynthesis, photorespiration, algae and marine biology ENGINEERING GLYCOLATE OXIDATION IN ARABIDOPSIS CHLOROPLAST TO IMPROVE PHOTOSYNTHESIS Alexandra Maier, HolgerFahnenstich, Sussane von Caemmerer, Ulf-Ingo Flügge, Veronica G. Maurino Institute for Developmental- and Molecular Biology of Plants Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany E-mail: alexandra.maier@uni-duesseldorf.de In C3-plants, the oxygenation reaction of RubisCO directs the flow of carbon through the photorespiratory pathway, which can result in a loss of up to 50% of the carbon previously fixed. In this work, a complete glycolate catabolic cycle was established into chloroplasts of Arabidopsis by which one molecule of glycolate is completely oxidized within the chloroplast to two molecules of CO2. For a functionally, operational pathway three transgenic and two endogenous enzyme activities were requiered. Plants expressing the novel pathway produced rossettes with more leaves and higher fresh and dry weight but individual leaves were thinner than the wild type. The photosynthetic rates were higher on a dry weight and chlorophyll basis and there were no differences in the apparent CO2compensation point. In addition, transgenic plants showed lower glycine/serine ratios than the wild type, indicating a reduction of the flux through the photorespiratory pathway. In this way, a photorespiratory bypass was created which resulted in increased efficiency of CO2 assimilation and enhanced biomass production. Efforts to develop of an optimized version of the basic approach using only two transgene enzymes will also be presented. 21 X X I V S P P S C O N G R E S S 2 0 1 1
A B S T R A C T B O O K – A B S T R A C T S O F T A L K S Session 3/4. Photobiology, photosynthesis, photorespiration, algae and marine biology HIGH EFFICIENCY OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS CAN BE ACHIEVED IN CHLOROPHYLL B-LESS BARLEY MUTANT CHLORINA 3613 Elena V.Tyutereva, A.N.Ivanova, Yu. ZhelninskayaI, Olga V. Voitsekhovskaja Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation E-mail: tuterlena@mail.ru Field-grown chlorophyllb-less barley chlorina 3613 plants were shaded to 800 µmolm -2 s -1 (i.e. to 40% of 2000-2500 µmol m -2 s -1 PAR measured at noon) for a week, followed by restoration of natural radiation regime. Under the shading gauze, the yellow-pale chlorina plants turned bright-green while their chloroplast ultrastructure, leaf and stem dimensions, vegetative and seed production changed significantly. After removal of the gauze, the chlorophyll a content increased twice which was accompanied by a threefold increase in CO2 absorption rate as compared with control plants, while no restoration of chlorophyll b synthesis occurred. The high efficiency of photosynthesis persisted in these plants until the end of vegetation. The experiment was carried out in 2006 and successfully reproduced in 2007 but failed to reproduce in cold and cloudy summer in 2008 showing that the results could be achieved only in a narrow range of light and temperature conditions. The dynamics of LHC proteins and of photosystems reaction centres in control and shaded chlorina 3613 plants was studied by western blot analyses. The effects of the shading on restoration of chloroplast structure and functions in fieldgrown chlorophyll b-less chlorina 3613 plants are discussed. 22 X X I V S P P S C O N G R E S S 2 0 1 1
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Page 3 and 4: Foreword eword ord A B S T R A C T
Page 5 and 6: Program of the Congress gram of the
Page 7 and 8: A B S T R A C T B O O K - P R O G R
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Page 11 and 12: Plenary session 1 A B S T R A C T B
Page 13 and 14: Plenary session 2 THE BIOLOGY OF AL
Page 15 and 16: Session 1. Biotechnology and synthe
Page 17 and 18: Session 1. Biotechnology and synthe
Page 19 and 20: Session 2. Systems biology and -omi
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Page 27 and 28: Pleanary session 4 A B S T R A C T
Page 29 and 30: Invited talk 4 A B S T R A C T B O
Page 31 and 32: Session 5.Cell biology A B S T R A
Page 33 and 34: Session 6.Organelle biology A B S T
Page 35 and 36: Session 6.Organelle biology A B S T
Page 37 and 38: Session 7.Development A B S T R A C
Page 39 and 40: Session 8.Signalling A B S T R A C
Page 41 and 42: Pleanary session 6 A B S T R A C T
Page 51 and 52: Session 13.Pathogen defense and pla
Page 53 and 54: Session 13.Pathogen defense and pla
Page 67 and 68: Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo
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A B S T R A C T B O O K - A B S T R
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SCF = A B S T R A C T B O O K - A B
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A B S T R A C T B O O K - L I S T O
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A B S T R A C T B O O K - L I S T O
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Sponsors onsors ors A B S T R A C T
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