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A B S T R A C T B O O K – A B S T R A C T S O F T A L K S 35 X X I V S P P S C O N G R E S S 2 0 1 1 Session 7.Development XYLAN BIOSYNTHESIS - CHARACTERIZATION OF GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 43 IN POPULUS Christine Ratke, Marcel Naumann, Barbara Terebieniec, Ewa Mellerowicz Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, SLU, UPSC, Umeå, Sweden E-mail: christine.ratke@slu.se Woody tissues are formed by thickening of the secondary cell wall, consisting of cellulose, xylan and lignin. Consequently xylan represents a big fraction of Earths biomass, prompting an interest in its biosynthesis and function. Xylan deficient mutants in Arabidopsis show a reduced growth and the irregular xylem (irx) phenotype. Two of these mutants are defective in two different glycosyltransferases (GT) from family 43. The xylan in these mutants has a reduced chain length suggesting that these glycosyltransferases are involved in xylan backbone elongation. We are characterizing the role of GT43 family in wood development in Populus. The family has seven genes forming three distinct clades. RT-PCR and promoter-GUS-fusions were used to study the tissue-specific expression patterns of the genes. Hybrid aspen was used to downregulate all three GT43 clades individually and in combinations by RNAi, using both constitutive and wood-specific promoters. We are analyzing the effects on plant growth, cell morphology and fiber lengths, cell wall composition, saccharification / fermentation ability and mechanical properties. This work on xylan biosynthesis is increasing our basic understanding regarding wood development and properties, potentially leading to industrial applications.
Session 7.Development A B S T R A C T B O O K – A B S T R A C T S O F T A L K S OXIDATIVE PROCESSES ARE INVOLVED IN THE EARLY EVENTS LEADING TO SHOOT GRAVITROPIC BENDING BY MEDIATING AUXIN REDISTRIBUTION Neta Bashan 1 , Shimon Meir 1 , Haya Friedman 1 , Elisha Tel-Or 2 ,Sonia Philosoph-Hadas 1 1 Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, ARO, TheVolcani Center, Bet-Dagan, Israel 2 The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food & Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel E-mail: vtsoniap@volcani.agri.gov.il The stimulus transduction events occurring during shoot gravitropism are mediated through differential changes in the level and action of auxin, associated with differential growth leading to shoot curvature. Garvistimulated tomato (Solanumlycopersicum) shoots showed a visual upward bending after a lag of 5 h, which was preceded by an auxin gradient in favor of the lower shoot side. Both the auxin redistribution across the shoot and the subsequent bending were prevented by the antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), suggesting the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the process. Our microarray analysis of tomato shoots, using the Affymetrix Tomato GeneChip, revealed differential changes in expression of 266 genes, occurring during the initial 0.5-5 h of gravistimulation prior to bending. The differential changes in expression of auxin-related genes in favor of the lower shoot side occurred already following 0.5 h of gravistimulation, while those of cell wall-related genes, associated with shoot bending, occurred only 3 h following gravistimulation. Among the identified genes, 11 were related to auxin, and 36 were associated with oxidative processes. It seems therefore, that ROS mediate the early gravity-induced lateral auxin movement across the shoot, which is necessary for theauxin asymmetric distribution leading to shoot bending. 36 X X I V S P P S C O N G R E S S 2 0 1 1
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Page 3 and 4: Foreword eword ord A B S T R A C T
Page 5 and 6: Program of the Congress gram of the
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Page 11 and 12: Plenary session 1 A B S T R A C T B
Page 13 and 14: Plenary session 2 THE BIOLOGY OF AL
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Page 27 and 28: Pleanary session 4 A B S T R A C T
Page 29 and 30: Invited talk 4 A B S T R A C T B O
Page 31 and 32: Session 5.Cell biology A B S T R A
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Page 41 and 42: Pleanary session 6 A B S T R A C T
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A B S T R A C T B O O K - A B S T R
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SCF = A B S T R A C T B O O K - A B
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A B S T R A C T B O O K - L I S T O
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A B S T R A C T B O O K - L I S T O
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Sponsors onsors ors A B S T R A C T
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