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A B S T R A C T B O O K – A B S T R A C T S O F T A L K S 45 X X I V S P P S C O N G R E S S 2 0 1 1 Session 10/14. Bioenergy and primary and secondary metabolism APOPLASTIC H2O2 GENERATION MECHANISMS DURING EXTRACELLULAR LIGNIN FORMATION IN NORWAY SPRUCE CELL CULTURE; EFFECT OF H2O2 REMOVAL ON PHENOLIC METABOLISM Anna Kärkönen 1,2 , T. Pehkonen 1 , T. Warinowski 1 , S. Holmström 1 , G. Brader 3 , C.N. Meisrimler 4 , S. Lüthje 4 , T.H. Teeri 1 1 Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland 2 MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland 3 Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland 4 University of Hamburg, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Hamburg, Germany E-mail: anna.karkonen@helsinki.fi Apoplastic H2O2 is required for extracellular lignin production in Norway spruce tissue culture as removal of H2O2 with potassium iodide (KI) repressed extracellular lignin synthesis. This suggests that peroxidases activate monolignols for lignin polymerisation. At least two mechanisms for H2O2 formation were present in spruce apoplast: the one having characteristics of a haem-containing enzyme, and the other of that of a flavincontaining enzyme [1]. Purified spruce plasma membranes contained several enzymes able to generate superoxide that can dismutate to H2O2.Naphthoquinones, juglone and menadione strongly stimulated superoxide production. Full-length gene for spruce respiratory burst oxidase homologue (Parboh1, NADPH oxidase) was cloned. It had a stable expression during lignin formation and was two-fold induced by elicitation [1]. Phenolic dimers accumulated in both cells and in the culture medium when lignin biosynthesis was inhibited. Cells also started to divide which is in contrast to ligninforming conditions where cells died soon after lignin formation. Interestingly, removal of KI after a 3-week-treatment restored extracellular lignin formation. The inducible cell culture system enables us to study regulation behind lignin and dilignol formation. These data will be discussed. References [1] Kärkönen et al., Planta 2009
A B S T R A C T B O O K – A B S T R A C T S O F T A L K S Session 10/14. Bioenergy and primary and secondary metabolism THE BIOIMPROVEPROGRAMMEAIMS AT IMPROVED BIOMASS AND BIOPROCESSING PROPERTIES OF WOOD Rishi Bhalerao, Leif Jönsson, EwaMellerowicz,BjörnSundberg, HanneleTuominen Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden E-mail: hannele.tuominen@plantphys.umu.se "Bioimprove-Improved biomass and bioprocessing properties of wood" is a research programme financed by the Swedish Research Council Formasfor the years 2011-2014. The programme aims at identification of some of the molecular mechanisms that control biomass production and chemical composition of the wood in forest trees, and how this knowledge can be utilised to improve production of materials and green chemicals from the lignocellulosic raw material in biorefinery type of applications. We have produced a large number of genetically modified hybrid aspen trees in order to improve biomass production and to test the performance of selected lines also in field conditions. In addition to the biomass production capacity of forest trees, an important factor for bioprocessing of lignocellulosic material in biorefineries is its susceptibility to the acid and enzymatic treatments required to break down the cellulose to glucose molecules. The susceptibility is largely determined by the chemical properties of the lignocellulosic raw material. We have therefore focused on modification of the composition and content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in transgenic hybrid aspen trees, and started analysing the effects on the bioprocessing properties on a laboratory-scale. The expected outcome of the programme is the creation of a new research environment where wood biologists, wood chemists and ecologists interact to create a sustainable production of trees with new and enhanced properties to meet the requirements for new products, sustainable energy use and decreased CO2 emissions. 46 X X I V S P P S C O N G R E S S 2 0 1 1
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Page 3 and 4: Foreword eword ord A B S T R A C T
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Page 17 and 18: Session 1. Biotechnology and synthe
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Page 27 and 28: Pleanary session 4 A B S T R A C T
Page 29 and 30: Invited talk 4 A B S T R A C T B O
Page 31 and 32: Session 5.Cell biology A B S T R A
Page 33 and 34: Session 6.Organelle biology A B S T
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Page 37 and 38: Session 7.Development A B S T R A C
Page 39 and 40: Session 8.Signalling A B S T R A C
Page 41 and 42: Pleanary session 6 A B S T R A C T
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