Food Security - National Agricultural Biotechnology Council ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

• Food-waste reduction. It is estimated that about a third of the food producedworldwide is wasted. In high-income countries, waste occurs at the consumerend, and in low-income countries at the production end due to crop failures andlack of infrastructure.Taking all of these recommendations together, great strides towards a comprehensivesolution can be made. Foley stated:The task is to feed the world while sustaining the planet. Failure is not an option.Civilization depends on solving this problem literally. We have to get it right andwe get only one try at it.Water is an issue that needs to be addressed at various geographical scales; however, itis widely recognized that changes/actions in water management and conservation needto start at the local level, with the understanding that it affects, in comparable measure,the regional and continental scales. Water is perhaps the most important natural resourceand agriculture uses most of the available fresh water. It is becoming scarce in someregions of the world and it must be managed and preserved if food production is to bedoubled sustainably.Minnesota is at the headwaters of three of the largest North American river basins,which are replenished largely from rain and snow. Minnesotans are conscious of theirwater heritage and of their responsibility to care for their state’s water resources and foreffects on users downstream. Three years ago (2008) Minnesotans added the Clean Water,Land and Legacy Amendment to the state constitution and part of a small increase inthe state’s sales tax goes to the Clean Water Fund to protect and enhance water resources.In her presentation, Looking Far into the Future: The Minnesota Water SustainabilityFramework, Deborah Swackhamer (University of Minnesota) described the Frameworkas providing…a long-range plan that frames major water sustainability issues and providesstrategies and recommendations for addressing them. It is not a specific spendingplan for the Minnesota Clean Water Fund, nor should it be limited by theavailability of Clean Water Funds; rather, it includes recommendations forinvestments that may come from sources beyond the Clean Water Fund (otherstate funds, private funds, etc.), as well as recommendations that require littleor no investment by the state.The Framework is not a set of strategies and recommendations that are applicable acrossthe globe because there are factors that affect different regions in different ways. However,it can serve as a model for other states in the Union and beyond.Terry Stone (Syngenta, Developed and Developing World Sustainability Perspectives)presented several examples of progress achieved in developing countries by application ofnew technologies and also of continued stagnation and poor efficiencies caused by lackof infrastructure, poor resources and restrictions to adoption of modern technologies dueto lack of information and low literacy. If the goal to double food production is to beachieved, then increases in agricultural productivity in both developing and developednations are essential.Ponce de León
In the developed world, it will require sustaining gains in agricultural productivitythrough continued investment and implementation of advanced technologies,measuring agricultural productivity holistically and harnessing the marketpower of major players to create farm-to-fork incentives for sustainability. Themost problematic barriers in the developed world will likely continue to be overzealous,under-informed and unsynchronized regulatory strictures. Many of thecatalysts that can help accelerate the evolution of smallholder, subsistence farmersinto viable commercial farmers are likely to come in the form of new hybrids, newtraits, new seed treatments and new crop-protection chemistries.Development of extension services to educate the approximately 1.5 billion smallholdersand subsistence farmers in the use of these technological advances is a must if sustainableincreases in productivity are to be realized.Plenary Session 2. Systems-Based Approaches to Food Protectionand Security.This session was opened by June Medford (Colorado State University) with a keynotepresentation, Detector Plants for Agriculture, Food and Environmental Monitoring. Plantsare being developed as sentinels to monitor human and natural environments for thepresence of pollutants, chemical contaminants and explosives that are intentionally orunintentionally introduced. To achieve this,…sentinel plants need to have a reporting system which is easily detectable, allowsremote monitoring and is re-settable.Medford’s laboratory has engineered a synthetic de-greening system that causes rapidchlorophyll loss when sensing a specific input. The chlorophyll loss can be detectedwithin hours by remote sensing by induction of a white plant phenotype that is easilyrecognizable.The de-greening circuit functions via light-dependent damage to photosystem coresand the production of reactive oxygen species.These de-greened plants are also able to re-green after removal of the inducer agent.Hence, it provides the first easily re-settable reporter system for plants and the capacityto make re-settable biosensors.The second component of this system is based on the conserved histidine kinase (HK)signal-transduction system. The Medford laboratory demonstrated thatHK sequence conservation and cross talk can extend across kingdoms and can beexploited to produce a synthetic plant signal-transduction system.Hence, in response to exogenous cytokinin, the HK-engineered system is activated and abacterial response regulator is translocated to the nucleus and activates gene transcription.The last piece of this integrated system uses computationally designed periplasmic bindingproteins that allow specific small-molecule ligand-sensing capabilities on plant-leaf receptors.When the HK signal-transduction system is activated by these proteins, it prompts Food Security: The Intersection of Sustainability, Safety and Defense
Page 2: 2011National Agricultural Biotechno
Page 5 and 6: NABC Report 23Food Security: The In
Page 7 and 8: AcknowledgmentsNABC’s twenty-thir
Page 9 and 10: Participants in the Student Voice a
Page 11 and 12: 123 Preparing for Emerging and Unkn
Page 13 and 14: Food Security: The Intersection of
Page 15: These interconnected threads demand
Page 19 and 20: On the other hand, his definition o
Page 21 and 22: Plenary Session 4. Emerging Biotech
Page 23 and 24: 12 Food Security: The Intersection
Page 27 and 28: The participants’ responses did n
Page 29 and 30: they are safe. Cultural barriers ca
Page 31 and 32: • Hydrological mapping, as in Min
Page 33 and 34: • Food security is a multidiscipl
Page 39 and 40: awareness beyond anything that advo
Page 41 and 42: • Some research results indicate
Page 43 and 44: change, reduce or remove GHG emissi
Page 45 and 46: perspectives and priorities differ
Page 49 and 50: Water• Withdrawals from the Color
Page 51 and 52: Efficient Use of Resources• We ne
Page 53 and 54: • Foley is working with Google to
Page 55 and 56: drinking water, stormwater, agricul
Page 57 and 58: Table 1A. Issues, strategies and de
Page 59 and 60: The Framework in Summary—A Ten- a
Page 61 and 62: If funded, Research Implementation
Page 63 and 64: If funded, Research Implementation
Page 65 and 66: to be initiated in the first five y
Page 67 and 68:
Deborah Swackhamer is professor and
Page 69 and 70:
These under-nutrition woes are not
Page 71 and 72:
gies. Agricultural sustainability r
Page 73 and 74:
Investment in TechnologyImproved pe
Page 75 and 76:
Last November, the Forum announced
Page 77 and 78:
Syngenta Foundation for Sustainable
Page 79 and 80:
Food and Agriculture Organization (
Page 81 and 82:
70 Food Security: The Intersection
Page 83 and 84:
Richard Isaacson (University of Min
Page 85 and 86:
possibility of cross-pollination th
Page 87 and 88:
in part to companies like Cargill w
Page 89 and 90:
Ralph Hardy (National Agricultural
Page 91 and 92:
and the impacts those things have o
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Analyses of multiple de-greening ci
Page 97 and 98:
June Medford, a professor of biolog
Page 99 and 100:
Genetically Modified CropsIt is cle
Page 101 and 102:
the toxin levels are higher than wo
Page 103 and 104:
• Separate common species• Sepa
Page 105 and 106:
We have a similar situation in the
Page 107 and 108:
ReferencesLövei GL et al. (2009) T
Page 109 and 110:
Figure 1. Canada’s food-safety sy
Page 111 and 112:
However, significant challenges rem
Page 113 and 114:
confirmed cases in seven provinces,
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
and from the IIASA Strategic Plan 2
Page 119 and 120:
provided software support. We also
Page 121 and 122:
Figure 4. Biological agents (classi
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Detlof von Winterfeldt is the direc
Page 127 and 128:
Medford: For things like explosives
Page 129 and 130:
Robert Buchanan (University of Mary
Page 131 and 132:
Ishimaru: In particular with wheat,
Page 133 and 134:
Duplessis: In terms of microfluidic
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Emergence/Re-EmergenceRegarding eme
Page 139 and 140:
• Anticipate and prevent the emer
Page 141 and 142:
AcuteWith a new emergence, the need
Page 143 and 144:
Assessing Immune StatusDuring an ou
Page 145 and 146:
Table 1. Recent zoonotic agents ide
Page 147 and 148:
Figure 2. The impact of culling she
Page 149 and 150:
ecognized as a new disease among ca
Page 151 and 152:
The West Nile virus is another dram
Page 153 and 154:
deer in an attempt to limit the tra
Page 155 and 156:
disease centers for training, resea
Page 157 and 158:
Lanciotti RS et al. (1999) Origin o
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Plant diseases still affect human h
Page 163 and 164:
Climate ChangeThe predicted transit
Page 165 and 166:
In addition to the NPDRS and the NP
Page 167 and 168:
arely have a realistic understandin
Page 169 and 170:
National Research Council (NRC) (20
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
our universities we can increase aw
Page 175 and 176:
evidence and no microbiologic evide
Page 177 and 178:
food-preservation technologies and
Page 179 and 180:
concern, particular products of con
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
PreventionMuch can and should be do
Page 187 and 188:
Figure 3. Selected recent multi-sta
Page 189 and 190:
Figure 6. PulseNet electronic commu
Page 191 and 192:
Figure 10. All Salmonella Typhimuri
Page 193 and 194:
Figure 13. Listeriosis in the Unite
Page 195 and 196:
Figure 15. Case definitions for clu
Page 197 and 198:
Figure 18. The surveillance process
Page 199 and 200:
Figure 20. Etiology of acute gastro
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
I will discuss emerging intentional
Page 205 and 206:
low-level contamination is on-going
Page 207 and 208:
Sometimes these supply chains fall
Page 209 and 210:
Clearly, the food system is globall
Page 211 and 212:
Figure 13. 2010 Cocoa and cocoa-pre
Page 213 and 214:
damage on those who profit from the
Page 215 and 216:
target population. In their lives,
Page 217 and 218:
it before it reaches the consumer.
Page 219 and 220:
Shaun Kennedy is director of the Na
Page 221 and 222:
ing replacements for cream, for exa
Page 223 and 224:
safety system in reality by guarant
Page 225 and 226:
Figure 2 shows the types of identif
Page 227 and 228:
on better standards for Chinese sta
Page 229 and 230:
Figure 6. Skim-milk-powder project:
Page 231 and 232:
Jeffrey C. Moore is a scientific li
Page 233 and 234:
John Besser: I was a little mystifi
Page 235 and 236:
forensic purposes, as used with OJ
Page 237 and 238:
Page 239 and 240:
my farmer friends thought I was cra
Page 241 and 242:
Minnesota’s HeritageAs to why som
Page 243 and 244:
in reality, legislation alone won
Page 245 and 246:
The other aspect of this challenge
Page 247 and 248:
private industry, enhancing the pro
Page 249 and 250:
But it does seem that the United St
Page 251 and 252:
Cathie Woteki is under secretary fo
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
We offer the following comments and
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Ehlke, NancyUniversity of Minnesota
Page 263 and 264:
Lumor, StephenUniversity of Minneso
Page 265:
National Agricultural Biotechnology
show all

Food Security - National Agricultural Biotechnology Council ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?