WHO InternatIOnal Standard termInOlOgIeS On tradItIOnal medIcIne

WHO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD TERMINOLOGIES ON TRADITIONAL MEDICINE IN THE WESTERN PACIFIC REGION 127Code Term Chinese Definition/Descriptionthe chest, epigastrium and abdomen, and pale tonguewith white slippery coating2.7.19pattern/syndromeof qi deficiency withexternal contraction氣 虛 外 感 證a pattern/syndrome marked by aversion to cold,fever, spontaneous sweating, headache, stuffy nose,feeble voice, lassitude, lack of strength and shortnessof breath2.7.20pattern/syndrome ofdual deficiency of qiand yin氣 陰 兩 虛 證 ;氣 陰 虧 虛 證a pattern/syndrome marked by listlessness, lack ofstrength, shortness of breath, reluctance to speak, drythroat and mouth, vexing thirst, flushed cheeks in theafternoon, short voidings of small amount of urine,constipation, emaciation, scanty dry tongue coatingand vacuous pulse2.7.21blood deficiencypattern/syndrome血 虛 證a pattern/syndrome marked by pale or sallowcomplexion, pale lips and nails, dizziness, dimmedvision, palpitations, numbness of extremities and finepulse2.7.22blood collapsepattern/syndrome血 脫 證a critical pattern/syndrome occurring in cases ofacute massive bleeding, marked by pallor, dizziness,palpitations, faint and short breathing, cold extremitiesand even mental confusion, pale tongue, hollow pulseor hardly perceptible pulse2.7.23blood stasis pattern/syndrome血 瘀 證a pattern/syndrome marked by formation of visiblepainful and tender purple mass, or abdominal masswith stabbing pain and tenderness, or bleeding ofdark purple blood with clots, dark purple tongue, andfine choppy or irregular pulse2.7.24blood amassmentpattern/syndrome蓄 血 證a pattern/syndrome caused by stagnated bloodaccumulated in a meridian/channel or an organ, e.g.,in the uterus, manifested by distention and pain inthe lower abdomen, chills and fever, delirium or othermental disorders at night, or in the middle energizer,manifested by pain and tenderness to touch over theepigastrium2.7.25blood heat pattern/syndrome血 熱 證a pattern/syndrome that occurs when exuberantpathogenic heat enters the blood aspect and ismanifested by fever, nose-bleeds, vomiting of blood,expectoration of blood, bloody stool, skin eruptions,or advanced periods with profuse bright-red menstrualdischarge, vexation, or even delirium and convulsions,deep crimson tongue and rapid string-like pulse