Methods in Anopheles Research - MR4

Chapter 3 : Specific Anopheles Techniques3.3 Determining the Sex of Anopheles Larvae and PupaePage 3 of 4Pupal sex identificationAnopheles pupae are much simpler to sex thanlarvae. The pupa should be lying on its side semidryin order to see the genitalia easily, and it maybe necessary to use a small brush or forceps togently lift the paddles.1. Using a pipette, gently transfer 1 pupae toeither a depression well plate or a piece ofdamp filter paper. If using a depression wellplate, remove as much water as possible sothat the pupa is lying on its side.2. Under a stereoscope, observe the prominentgenitalia for comparison with Figure 3.3.4.ReferencesBenedict MQ, McNitt LM, Collins FH (2003)Genetic traits of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae:Red stripe, frizzled, and homochromy1 Journal ofHeredity 94 227-235Jones JC (1956) A Simple Method for sexing livingAnopheles larvae (Diptera, Culicidae). Annals ofthe Entomological Society of America 50:104-106Figure 3.3.4. The terminalia of the pupae are verydistinctive. However, the paddles can easily get inthe way making it difficult to distinguish. Gentlypoking the pupa will usually make them changeposition to reveal the terminalia.