CREATING ENTREPRENEURIAL MINDSETCHAPTER 8Environmental aspects of entrepreneurship- necessity in business eduationHanna KRUK * 111. IntroductionThe awareness of the fact that proper, rational management of the natural resourcesaccompanied by the necessity to take care of the environment are conditions contributingto permanent economic development and improving the quality of life is growing.Contemporary questions connected with environmental protection and the so-called“greening” of the economy is more and more frequently included in the national law ofdeveloped countries and – moreover – they should be also taken into considerationduring enterprises’ activities. Such a state stems from spreading the idea of the sustainabledevelopment and more frequent implementation of its principles in strategicdocuments or in domestic and international legislation. In spite of the fact that sustainabledevelopment concerns three dimensions: economic, social and ecological, onlytwo of them are mentioned in the following chapter: the relationship between economyand environment. These interactions between natural values and resources and theirinfluence on possibility of conducting economic activity in different branches, as wellas an effect of economic activity on environmental state have been already identified[i.e. Kistowski, Staszek, 1999, p. 97; Madej 2002, p. 85-87]. However, knowledge inthis topic and familiarisation with legal regulations are not commonly transmitted duringuniversity studies during management or economics fields.* Gdynia Maritime University (h.kruk@wpit.am.gdynia.pl)103
Environmental aspects of entrepreneurship – necessity in business educationThis chapter is an attempt to review study programmes in randomly selected publicuniversities and technical universities across Poland, in order to check whether thetopics connected with environment protection, the use of natural resources and sustainabledevelopment are included and, if that is the case, what their ranges are. Curriculahave been analysed in two fields of studies: economics and management, both regardingI (bachelor) and II (master) degree of studies.2. Principles of sustainable development and enterprises’ activitiesThe knowledge about foundations of sustainable development and ability to usethem for improving economic activity is important for businesses operating in developedcountries (i.e. European Union), where environmental law is strict and consumers,while making their decisions, take into considerations not only product prices butalso their “environmental friendliness”.Implementation of sustainable development in economic practice is related to severalprinciples that should be observed by enterprises. The following cardinal onescould be distinguished [Borys, Śleszyński 1999, p. 84-91]:1. principle of ecologisation – it is assumed that environmental protection is indispensableto perform proper economy; moreover, economic activity must be adjusted tonatural conditions and the use of natural resources should be reasonable and effectiveas well as ought to take the needs of future generations into consideration,2. principle of environmental integrity – there are many interactions among componentsof the environment; knowledge about them and their respecting allows to restrainnegative effect that economy has over nature; the necessity to estimate andassess natural resources and values as well as full balancing of economic effects(benefits and costs) seems to be indispensable as well,3. principle of social participation – local societies and non-governmental organisationsshould be involved in environmental protection; also, they have the right tobe informed about environmental state,4. principle of economisation – achieving ecological aims (related to nature protectionand preservation of the environment) should be linked to the smallest socialcost; that means, for instance, the use of market mechanisms but also includes fundamentalinterference of authorities (i.e. market does not take into external costsinto account); the principle is also joined with others: “the author of the damage(pollutions) pays”, “the user pays” and the rule of “joint responsibility”,5. prevention (active ecological policy) – prevention of environmental damages owingto implementation of new technologies which allow to avoid pollutions, theirneutralisation and recycling,6. principle of lawfulness – all agents (individuals, authorities and enterprises) shouldrespect the law.104
- Page 2 and 3:
VIA UNIVERSITY COLLEGEDENMARKCREATI
- Page 4:
Table of contentIntroduction . . .
- Page 7 and 8:
the reader toward better perception
- Page 9 and 10:
Enhancing the Global Classroom for
- Page 11 and 12:
Enhancing the Global Classroom for
- Page 13 and 14:
Enhancing the Global Classroom for
- Page 15 and 16:
Enhancing the Global Classroom for
- Page 17 and 18:
Enhancing the Global Classroom for
- Page 19 and 20:
Enhancing the Global Classroom for
- Page 21 and 22:
Enhancing the Global Classroom for
- Page 23 and 24:
Methodology of enterpreneurship tea
- Page 25 and 26:
Methodology of enterpreneurship tea
- Page 27 and 28:
Methodology of enterpreneurship tea
- Page 29 and 30:
Methodology of enterpreneurship tea
- Page 31 and 32:
Methodology of enterpreneurship tea
- Page 33 and 34:
Methodology of enterpreneurship tea
- Page 35 and 36:
Methodology of enterpreneurship tea
- Page 38 and 39:
CREATING ENTREPRENEURIAL MINDSETCHA
- Page 40 and 41:
A. Ziółkowski, K.Ziółkowskidedi
- Page 42 and 43:
A. Ziółkowski, K.ZiółkowskiThe
- Page 44 and 45:
A. Ziółkowski, K.ZiółkowskiFig.
- Page 46 and 47:
A. Ziółkowski, K.ZiółkowskiFig
- Page 48:
9. ReferencesA. Ziółkowski, K.Zi
- Page 51 and 52:
Design of a learning process for SM
- Page 53 and 54: Design of a learning process for SM
- Page 55 and 56: Design of a learning process for SM
- Page 57 and 58: Design of a learning process for SM
- Page 59 and 60: Design of a learning process for SM
- Page 62 and 63: CREATING ENTREPRENEURIAL MINDSETCHA
- Page 64 and 65: T. KurbanowOERs are Massive Open On
- Page 66 and 67: T. Kurbanowdictionaries, word lists
- Page 68 and 69: T. KurbanowDoctor's Degree (28%). 5
- Page 70 and 71: T. KurbanowFig. 3. Categorization o
- Page 72 and 73: T. KurbanowThe next question was re
- Page 74 and 75: T. KurbanowFig. 8. Services and sof
- Page 76 and 77: T. Kurbanownation may rest in the v
- Page 78 and 79: T. Kurbanow2. Britt A.M., & Gabrys
- Page 80 and 81: CREATING ENTREPRENEURIAL MINDSETCHA
- Page 82 and 83: V. Marcinovátime, tomorrow each pe
- Page 84 and 85: V. MarcinováIt is difficult to qua
- Page 86 and 87: V. Marcinovádevelopment. It is evi
- Page 88 and 89: V. Marcinováincreases the rate of
- Page 90 and 91: V. Marcinovámaking perspective. Hu
- Page 92 and 93: CREATING ENTREPRENEURIAL MINDSETCHA
- Page 94 and 95: J. Czerna-Grygielate an organizatio
- Page 96 and 97: J. Czerna-GrygielMillward Brown SMG
- Page 98 and 99: J. Czerna-GrygielEducation continui
- Page 100 and 101: J. Czerna-Grygielis the implementat
- Page 102 and 103: J. Czerna-GrygielResearch conducted
- Page 106 and 107: H. KrukOther principles connected w
- Page 108 and 109: H. Kruk2014/2015 while some for pre
- Page 110 and 111: H. Krukin programmes in economics f
- Page 112 and 113: H. Krukplaces”, “Fuel and energ
- Page 114 and 115: H. Krukuniversities of technology a
- Page 116 and 117: CREATING ENTREPRENEURIAL MINDSETCHA
- Page 118 and 119: S.BadowskaWith this approach, resea
- Page 120 and 121: 4. Results and discussionS.Badowska
- Page 122 and 123: S.Badowskaown professional interest
- Page 124 and 125: S.BadowskaAn academics’ propensit
- Page 126 and 127: S.Badowskaacademic staff will spend
- Page 128 and 129: S.BadowskaSecondly, tested research
- Page 130 and 131: S.Badowska13. Kruss G. (2012). Reco
- Page 132 and 133: AbstractsAbstractsChapter 1. Bryan
- Page 134 and 135: Abstractstransfer a certain body of
- Page 136 and 137: Abstractsinclude courses concerning