Dissertation - Michael Becker

d/ → gaIdId), while some verbs repair the cluster by deletion (e.g. /sprEd + d/ → sprEd).Verbs like guide require *DD ≫ MAX ≫ DEP, while verbs like spread require the oppositeranking of the faithfulness constraints, i.e. *DD ≫ DEP ≫ MAX.4.5.3 Exceptional emergence of the unmarkedThe fourth and last kind of lexical trend involves a faithfulness constraint that dominatestwo conflicting markedness constraints. In roots, the effect of the markedness constraints isnot felt, due to the overriding faithfulness. In affixed forms, however, allomorph selectionallows the markedness effect to emerge without a faithfulness cost. This kind of lexicaltrend is schematized in (203).(203) Allomorph selection responds to competing markedness effectsIn roots: F ≫ M1, M2In affixed forms: some roots require F ≫ M1 ≫ M2, some F ≫ M2 ≫ M1Trends that are structured as in (203), where there is no faithfulness cost to the irregularbehavior, are expected in irregular allomorph selection. Since allomorphs are selected withno faithfulness cost (Mascaró 1996 et seq.), the effect of different markedness constraintscan emerge.One case that is described in the terms of (203) is plural allomorph selection in Hebrewnouns (see chapter 3 for a full discussion). Masculine nouns usually take the masculineplural affix –im, but some masculine nouns exceptionally select the feminine plural affix–ot. Most of those exceptional nouns have [o] in them, which I suggest is done to satisfyLICENSE(o), a markedness constraint that requires unstressed [o] to be licensed by astressed [o]. Since Hebrew roots allow unstressed [o] in them freely, faithfulness outranksLICENSE(o) generally in the language. In affixed forms, regular nouns take –im due toMATCH(gender), a morphological markedness constraint that requires the masculine suffixon masculine stems, so for those nouns, MATCH(gender) ≫ LICENSE(o). Masculine nounswith [o] in their root that select the feminine –ot require LICENSE(o) ≫ MATCH(gender).214