The Effect Of Using Concept Map s On Achieving English Grammar ...

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So that it is necessary to know how learners learn the language and toprepare suitable situations and environment for learners to have aneffective learning , in these situations learners should feel secure . Securityis needed in the classroom , it helps learners to learn more effectively( Kristmanson : 2000 , 1-5 ) .2.2 Definition of learning :<strong>The</strong> word learning covers a range of different meaning for people ,Harlen ( 2006 : 3 ) says that there are two views of what learning mean s .1- Adding more knowledge and skills as a result of being taught .2- Making sense of new experience by learners themselves, incollaboration with others .Carnell and Lodge ( 2002 : 8 ) added some views to what it means3- Memorizing and reproducing4- Applying facts or procedures .5- Understanding .6- Changing as a person .From these views different definitions were given to the term learning . Wecan notice that most of these definitions concentrated on the change s thathappen with the learners’ behaviour as a result of experience .Catania ( 1992 : 1 ) believes that learning can be defined as a relativelypermanent change in behaviour resulting from experience .10
Abed AL – Khalek ( 2001 : 20 )sees that learning is an intended processwhich aims to make a relatively permanent change in the learners’behaviour as a result of experience .Seidel et .al ( 2005 : 12 ) think learning is a relatively permanent changein behavioural tendency … based on … reinforcement practice .Sluckin ( 1972 : 101 ) maintains learning refers to the relatively lastingchanges in behaviour resultin g from practice .2.3 Language acquisition :Language with all its complexity is one of the most greatest gifts that wecan give to our learners , Wik kipedia ( 2008 )says that languageacquisition is the process by which the language capability deve lops in ahuman , first language acquisition concerned with development of languagein children , while second language acquisition focuses on languagedevelopment in adults , so language acquisition is a product of exposion tothe natural language .Wilkins ( 1974 : 26 ) maintains the term language acquisition refer s tothe process where a language is acquired as a result of natural and largelyrandom exposure to language . Yule ( 1996 : 191 ) assumes acquisitionrefers to the gradual development of a bility in a language by using itnaturally in communicative situations .11
Page 1 and 2: The Islamic university - GazaGradua
Page 3 and 4: ACKNOWLEDGMENTIN THE NAME OF ALLAH
Page 5 and 6: " The Effect Of Using Concept Maps
Page 7 and 8: تحصيل.()(113).().(2008 -2007)(
Page 9 and 10: TABLE OF CONTENTSDEDICATION……
Page 11 and 12: 2.2.11 Attitudes to Grammar ……
Page 13 and 14: LIST OF APPENDIXAPPENDIX ( A) TOOLS
Page 15 and 16: LIST OF TABELS ( continued )Table p
Page 17 and 18: IINTRODUCTION1.1 Study statement an
Page 19 and 20: others, so knowledge of grammar enh
Page 21 and 22: our students , especially within ou
Page 23 and 24: 2- Familiarizing English language t
Page 25: IILITRETURE REVIEW2.1 Learning and
Page 29 and 30: 2- Learning is the product of direc
Page 31 and 32: 8. Some times the best learning is
Page 33 and 34: Carnell ( 2002: 18-20 ) said that e
Page 35 and 36: learners need to keep using new rul
Page 37 and 38: 2.11.2 Metacognitive learning :Hism
Page 39 and 40: Theoretical point of view saw gramm
Page 41 and 42: Thornbury ( 2004 : 1 ) grammar is t
Page 43 and 44: than other , so teachers will face
Page 45 and 46: grammar to the form of structures ,
Page 47 and 48: of the language or a subject that t
Page 49 and 50: 1. Implicit knowledge , it enables
Page 51 and 52: mentioned that descriptive grammar
Page 53 and 54: description of forms , but not to t
Page 55 and 56: Types of morphemes :There are two t
Page 57 and 58: 4. Syntax :The word syntax meant "
Page 59 and 60: 1. The open clauses :-1.1. Verb :-
Page 61 and 62: 2.1.4 Determinative :- Nasr (1980:1
Page 63 and 64: have as learners; their active unde
Page 65 and 66: Hussin et.al ( 2000 : 2 ) believe t
Page 67 and 68: Principles of the grammar translati
Page 69 and 70: Kohli ( 199 9 : 51 ) sees that the
Page 71 and 72: The principles of audio-lingual met
Page 73 and 74: Principles of communication approac
Page 75 and 76: 4.1 Concept MapsIntroductionConcept
Page 77 and 78:
knowledge that are comprised of con
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4.5 The use of concept maps :Leou a
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4.5.3 Concept map as an assessment
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7. Communicate complex ideas .8. Ai
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concept maps ( before Ausubels’ a
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were involved in the study. The res
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students) mapping concepts prior to
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that concept mapping has a positive
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males on chemistry tests, especiall
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questionnaire and metacognition ( p
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Lonning and Marko (1998 )The proble
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and one experimental group, each in
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(p
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mapping and by better visualization
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In this thesis, it is proposed that
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The researcherfound that students i
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understanding in different school s
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The first scope a brief idea about
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a purposive sample from AL- Zaitun
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B- comprehension :This scope includ
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(communication skills) and grammar.
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According to tables (3) and (4) , t
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comprehension to grammar according
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A: The two groupstable ( 5 )T-test
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A: the two groups:Table ( 9)T-test
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B: the high and low achievers:B/1)
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etween the experimental and control
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IVDATA ANALYSISIntroductionThe stud
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Also the researcher calculated "d"
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The result of (η 2 ) and (d) value
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positive effect on improving the sk
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the content of the syllabus and the
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5.1 Findings :1- There were statist
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school students’ motivation in bi
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(Mann-Whitney test ) results showed
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Supervisors are recommended to :- p
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REFERANCESAAAS . ( 1990 ) : Effecti
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Catania . Ch .A . ( 1992 ) : Learni
Page 153 and 154:
Francis , R. .W ( 2006 ) : Using Co
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Hung ,H. and Manah.m( 2006 ) :The d
Page 157 and 158:
Leou , Sh. and Liu, J. C ( 2004 ) :
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Mumford , A. ( 1999 ) : Effective L
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Pill , M. and et .al ( 2005 ) : Enh
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Snead .V.L and Snead .D ( 2004 ) :
Page 165 and 166:
Wikkipedia , The Free Encyclopedia,
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():(2002).ة:(2005).:(2003). (22):(
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APPENDIX ( A -1 )Future :-1. Rememb
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APPENDIX ( A . 2 )Unit Aims Structu
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APPENDIX ( A . 4 )Achievement testZ
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3-make sentences by using the words
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F) I'm going shopping next Monday .
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+futurewillGoing toQuickdecisionaff
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pastsimpleperfectActions happened a
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6) Make concept mapping by using th
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8) put the connecters in the suitab
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APPENDIX ( A.5 )Table (25)Difficult
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APPENDIX ( A. 7 )Table (27)Correlat
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Table (29)Correlation coefficient o
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APPENDIX ( B.1 )Suggested lesson pl
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Follow-up activities1. At the concl
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futureUsed forCould beGoing to+infi
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pastAs soon asCould beperfectTo tal
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Condition ifCould beandsecondUsed f
Page 203 and 204:
لا(‏لا(‏APPENDIX ( C .1 )ا
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APPENDIX (D . 1 )REFEREE COMMITTEE1
Page 207:
C.VMazen Khalil Diab Abu NadaAL-she
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