The Effect Of Using Concept Map s On Achieving English Grammar ...

1- Input :- It refers to all language that the learner is exposed to eitherspoken or written language , inside or out side the classroom , formal orinformal . The sources of input such as ( the teacher , friends ,TV ) .2- Noticing :- Learners can notice the language that they are exposed to ,some of these are already k nown by them and some may be new . Solearners can notice a gap in their learning or it may be brought to theirattention by their teachers .3- Recognising patterns and rules making :-Through practising learners can notice that the pattern of the verb can b eused to refer to the past , so they start to develop rules for themselves.Teachers also may tell them the rule and then give them a chance to use itin a writing or speaking activity .4- Use the rule modification :-In this stage learners start to generat e their own rules by producing theirown sentences , learners may commit some mistakes because these rulesdon’t include the exceptions of grammar , but later they might correct andmodify the rule to include these exceptions .5- Automating :- In this stage learners will be able to use the language withits complexity and exceptions especially in grammar without consciouslythinking of these difficulties . At this point the language has becomeautomatic , this means that the language has to be started in the m emory ,18