Full set of Notes with Fill-Ins - San Jose State University

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Chem 155 Unit 5 Page 110 of 316In single photon counting:Accept only those pulses originating at thephotocathode.RetainsignalRejectnoiseRecall: Detection limitS MIN = S BLANK + 3σ BLANKLarge and small pulses are all noise!These contribute to both S BLANK and σ BLANK !Limitations to the PMT and to single photon counting:1. Wavelength limitations:Same as phototube - hν ≥ φ2. Intensity limitations:In general, the PMT is used inLOW LIGHT ONLY – ambientlight will destroy the tube.In Single Photong Counting,light levels must be lowenough that light pulses donot pile up or overlap.Page 110 of 316
Chem 155 Unit 5 Page 111 of 316Semiconductor-Based Light Detectors:Photodiodes:p-type Sip-n junctionn-type Si+P + -B - +B -P + -The only carriers ofcurrent in p-type Si are:The only carriers ofcurrent in n-type Si are:Holes!Electrons!Why does B (or Al) become (-) and P become (+)?Both B and P are forced to become tetravalentby the bounding atoms in the lattice – this leavesa curious formal charge!B(p-dopant)Mobileholes.P(n-dopant)MobileelectronPage 111 of 316
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Full set of Notes with Fill-Ins - San Jose State University

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