The Alaska Vegetation Classification - Alaska Geobotany Center ...

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Photographs-Webber and Walker 1975, p. 89.Primary references-Bergman and others 1977, Webber and Walker 1975, Wigginsand Thomas 1962.Communities-Arctophila fulva (Batten 1977, Bergman and others 1977, Britton1967, Childs 1969, Clebsch 1957, Hultbn 1966, Komarkova and Webber 1978,Meyers 1985, Murray 1974, Potter 1972, Racine and Anderson 1979, Rausch andRausch 1968, Streveler and others 1973, Webber and others 1978. Wiggins andThomas 1962). Arctophila fulva-Carex aquatilis (Webber and Walker 1975, Wiggins1951). Arctophila fulva-Ranunculuspallasii(Johnson and others 1966, Spetzman1959, Webber 1978, Young
Figure €.&Subarcticlowland sedge wet meadow ofCommunities-Carex aquafilis (Ritchie and others 1981, Rosenberg 1986). Carexaquafilis-Menyanfhes trifoliafa/Scorpidium spp. (Ritchie and others 1981). Carexaquatilis-Equisetum arvense (Johnson and Vogel 1966, Murray 1974, Scott 1974a).Carex aquafilis-C. saxafilis (Hanson 1951, Pegau 1972). Carex saxafilis (Rosenberg1986). Carex saxati/is-Calamagrosfis canadensis/Calliergon giganteurn (Drury 1956).Carex rostrata (Craighead and others 1988; Racine 1976, 1978b; Ritchie and others1981; Rosenberg 1986). Carex rostrata-C. aquatilis (Calmes 1976, Dachnowski-Stokes 1941, Drury 1956, Hulten 1966, Rosenberg 1986, Tande 1983). Carexrostrata-€riophorum angusfifolium-Calamagrosfis canadensis (Racine 1978b). Carexrosfrata-Eriophorum angustifolium-Equisefurn fluviatile (Porsild 1939). Carex mstrata-Eriophorum angustifolium-Arctophila fulva (Porsild 1939). Carex rosfrata-Equisefumfluviatile (Craighead and others 1988). Carex roosffafa-C. saxafilis-Equisetum fluviatile(Porsild 1939). Carex lyngbyaei(Byrd 1984, Griggs 1936, Hultkn 1960, Scheierl andMeyer 1977). Carex lyngbyaei-C. aquatilis (Dachnowski-Stokes 1941, Streveler andothers 1973). Carex lyngbyaei-C. sifchensis (Neiland 1971b, Quimby 1972, Ritchieand others 1981). Carex lyngbyaei-C. saxafilis (Streveler and others 1973). Carexlyngbyaei-Calamagrostis canadensis (Batten and others 1978, Crow 1977b, Hanson1951). Carex lyngbyaei-Lathyruspalusfris (Batten and others 1978, Crow 1968).Carex lyngbyaei-Cicufa mackenziana (Crow 1968). Carex lyngbyaei-C. pluriflora-C. anfhoxanfbea-C. macrochaefa (Amundsen and Clebsch 1971, Shacklette andothers 1969). Carex lyngbyaei-C. macrochaeta/Cladina portenfosa (Amundsen 1977,Amundsen and Clebsch 1971, Everett 1971, Shacklette and others 1969). Carexplurif/ora-Deschampsia beringensis (Crow 1977b). Deschampsia beringensis-Carexlyngbyaei(McCarlney 1976). Carexsitchensis (Ritchie and others 1981). Carexsitchensis-Caltha palustris (Thomas 1957). Carex lasiocarpa (Rosenberg 1986).Eriophorum angustifolium-Carex livida (Rosenberg 1986).lll.A.3.g. Subarctic Lowland Sedge-Shrub Wet MeadowDescription-<strong>The</strong>se wetland types are dominated by sedges but have a conspicuousshrub component. Trees are absent or insignificant. Shrubs are conspicuousbut still total less than 25 percent cover. Lichens are scarce; mosses are occasionalto common. Carex lyngbyaeiis the only dominant sedge reported, but communitiesdominated by other coarse sedges probably exist. Important shrubs are commonlyMyrica gale or Salix spp.183
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~~ ~rForest ServicePacific Northwes
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AbstractViereck, L.A.; Dyrness, C.T
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IntroductionThe first draft of this
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General Descriptionof theClassifica
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Northwest’. Tenltoryf-Figure I-Ma
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Arctic AlaskaInterior AlaskaAn exte
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Figure 2-Vegetation type map of Ala
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Table 1-Alaska vegetation classific
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II. Scrub8a. Vegetation with at lea
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mn15
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FQ221
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n aa25
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mP35
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.I44
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Descriptions ofLevel I, II, 111,and
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Communities-Picea sifchensis/Oplopa
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LA. 1.d. Closed Western Hemlock-Sit
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Figure 6-Closed needleleaf forest o
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Distrlbutlon and site characteristi
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Communities-Picea glaucahathermosse
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LA. 1.1. Closed Black Spruce-White
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A lower well-developed shrub layer
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A layer of herbs and ferns provides
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Figure lS0pen needleleaf forest ofw
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Figure 1 64pen needleleaf forest of
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1.A.2.h. Open Black Spruce-Tamarack
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A.3.b. Siika Spruce WoodlandDescrlp
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and others 1988). Picea glaucdAlnus
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A well-developed tall shrub layer,
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Figure 24-Closed broadleaf forest o
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Occasionally, small stands of balsa
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Mature birch can survive low-intens
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Distribution and Site characteristl
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Distributlon and site characteristi
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Figure 314pen broadleaf forest ofba
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I.B.3.b. Balsam Poplar WoodlandDesc
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stands reach 120 years of age. A ta
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1.c.7.d. Closed Quaking Aspen-Spruc
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Figure 35-Closed mixed forest 01 ba
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I.C.2.b. Open Quaking Aspen-Spruce
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Distribution and site characteristi
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Closely related types-Closed subalp
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ll.A.3.a. Black Spruce Dwarf Tree W
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Figure 38-Closed tall willow shrub
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hummocky substrate and usually are
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Primary references-Batten and other
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Figure 41-Open tall willow shrub of
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ll.B.2.c. Open Tall Shrub Birch Shr
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Figure 44-Closed low willow shrub o
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Communities-Betula nana-Salixplanif
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Page 135 and 136: Successlonal status-Many of these c
Page 137 and 138: Primary referencecHanson 1951; Pega
Page 139 and 140: generally also have an abundance of
Page 141 and 142: Successional status-Communities on
Page 143 and 144: Communitles-Salix glauca/Arcfosfaph
Page 145 and 146: Primary references-Hogan and Tande
Page 147 and 148: Distribution and site characteristi
Page 149 and 150: Closely related types-Sagebrush-gra
Page 151 and 152: Figure 52-Oryas dwarf shrub tundraw
Page 153 and 154: ugosum (Hettinger and Janz 1974). D
Page 155 and 156: Oxyfropis nigrescens, Hierochlog al
Page 157 and 158: Closely related types-Vaccinium dwa
Page 159 and 160: ll.D.2.d. Mountain-Heath Dwarf Shru
Page 161 and 162: 1984). Cassiope mertensiana-C. stel
Page 163 and 164: Figure SB--Dry graminoid herbaceous
Page 165 and 166: ' , , .MA. 1.b. Dry FescueFigure 54
Page 167 and 168: Figure 60-Midgrass-shrub stand of t
Page 169 and 170: (Crow 1977b, Ritchie and others 198
Page 171 and 172: Successional status-In southwestern
Page 173 and 174: Primary references-Batten and other
Page 177 and 178: Primary reference-Hjeljord 1971.Com
Page 179 and 180: Closely related types-Sedge-birch t
Page 181 and 182: Figure 64-We1 sedge meadow tundraof
Page 183 and 184: Distribution and site characteristi
Page 185: Closely related types-Wet sedge mea
Page 189 and 190: Closely related types-Halophytic gr
Page 191 and 192: Koppen 1977; del Moral and Watson 1
Page 193 and 194: Closely related types-These communi
Page 195 and 196: The sites themselves are covered wi
Page 197 and 198: Figure 70-A mesic forb herbaceous c
Page 199 and 200: Closely related types-These communi
Page 201 and 202: Closely related types-Herb wet mead
Page 203 and 204: Closely related types-Halophytic he
Page 205 and 206: III.C.1.6. Dly BryophyteFigure ? L
Page 207 and 208: lll.C.2.b. Foliose and Fruticose Li
Page 209 and 210: lll.D.I.b. Common MarestailFigure 7
Page 211 and 212: Photographs-Figure 79, this publica
Page 213 and 214: Communlties-Su~ularia aquafica-Call
Page 215 and 216: Figure 80(len)-A marine aquatic eel
Page 217 and 218: ReferencesWhile preparing the Alask
Page 219 and 220: Anderson, J.H. 1972. Phytocenology
Page 221 and 222: Brock, Steven; Burke, Ingrid. 1980.
Page 223 and 224: Crow, John Huber. 1968. Plant ecolo
Page 225 and 226: Fries, Janet A. 1977. The vascular
Page 227 and 228: Holowaychuk, N.; Smeck, Neil E. 197
Page 229 and 230: Kessler, Wlnlfred B. 1979. Bird pop
Page 231 and 232: Martin, Jon R.; Brady, Ward W.; Dow
Page 233 and 234: Neiland, Bonita J. 1971b. Survey of
Page 235 and 236: Raclne, Charles H.; Anderson, J.H.
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Selkregg, Lidla L. 1975a. Alaska re
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Stevens, M.E. 1965. Relation of veg
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Van Cleve, K.; Viereck, L.A. 1981.
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Walker, D.A.; Lederer, N.P. 1983. V
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Wiggins, Ira L. 1951. The distribut
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Table %Listof scientific and common
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Table &--List of scientific and com
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Table 3-Lis.t of scientific and com
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Table >Listof scientific and common
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Table %Listof scientific and common
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~~~ ~Table %Listof Scientific and c
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Assoclatlon, plant-A stand or group
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Bryold-(1) A moss, liverwort, or ho
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Ctyaquepts-Gray or olive soils with
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Edaphic-(adj.) Pertaining to the so
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Foliage cover-See cover.Foot slope-
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Herbaceous4n the Alaska vegetation
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Marsh-(1) A periodically wet or con
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Old-growth stand-Not synonymous wit
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Pioneer-Plant capable of invading b
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Sere-A sequence of plant communitie
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Submerged aquatic plant-Plant adapt
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~ y p + kind ~ of vegetation; for e
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Viereck, L.A.; Dymess, C.T.; Batten
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