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Table 3-List of sclentlflc and common names used In the text (continued)Scientific namesSphagnum recuwum P.-Beauv.Sphagnum squarrosum CromeSphagnum tenellurn Ehrh. ex Hoffm.Sphagnum teres (Schimp.) Angstr. ex C. HartmSphagnum warnstodii Russ.Jomenthypnum nitens (Hedw.) LoeskeUlota phyllantha Brid.LichewdAlectoria nigricans (Ach.) Nyl.Cetraria cucullata (Bellardi) Ach.Cetraria delisei (Boty ex Schaerer) Nyl.Cetraria islandica (L.) Ach.Cetraria nivalis (L.) Ach.Cladina arbuscula (Walk.) Hale & Culb.Cladinapollentosa (Dufour) Follm.(= Cladina impexa B. de Lesd.)Cladina rangiferina (L.) Nyl.(= Cladonia rangiferina (L.) Rabenh.)Cladina stellaris (Opiz) Brodo(= Cladina alpestris (L.) Nyi.)(= Cladonia alpestris (L.) Rabenh.)Cladonia Hill ex BrowneCladonia pyxidata (L.) Hoffm.Gxnicularia (Schreber) Hoffm.Dactylina arctica (Richardson) Nyl.Lecanora Ach. in LuykenMasonhalea richardsonii (Hook.) Karnef.(= Cetraria richardsonii Hook.)Nephroma arcticum (L.) Torss.Parmelia saxatilis (L.) Ach.Peltigera Willd.Peltigera aphthosa (L.) Willd.Peltigera canina (L.) Willd.Pseudephebe M. ChoisyRamalina almquistii VainioRamalina scoparia VainioRhizocarpon Ramond ex DC.Siphula ceratites (Wahlenb.) Fr.Sphaerophorus fragilis (L.) Pers.Sphaerophorus globosus (Huds.) VainioStereocaulon tomentosum Fr.Thamnolia subuliformis (Ehrh.) Culb.Thamnolia vermicularis (Swartz) Ach.ex SchaererUmbilicariaproboscidea (L.) SchraderXanthoria candelaria (L.) Th. Fr.Common nameSphagnum mossSphagnum mossSphagnum mossSphagnum mossSphagnum mossNo common nameNo common nameNo mmmon nameNo mmmon nameNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameReindeer lichenNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameDog lichenNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameWorm lichenNo common nameNo common name
~~~ ~Table %Listof Scientific and common names used in the text (continued)Scientific namesAlgae:'Alaria Grev.Chara ValliantFucus distichus L.Gigaflina Stackh.Laminaria Lamour.Porphyra C.A.Ulva L.Common nameNo mmmon nameNo mmmon nameNo mmmon nameNo common nameNo common nameNo common nameNo wmmon namea Nomenclature from Viereck and Little (1972).Nomenclature from Hulten (1968); some common names from Welsh (1974).Nomenclature from Crum and others (1973) for mosses and Stotler and Crandall-Stotler (1977) forhepatics.Nomenclature from Egan (1987).e Nomenclature for marine algae from Smith (1969) and for freshwater algae Smilh (1950).253
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~~ ~rForest ServicePacific Northwes
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AbstractViereck, L.A.; Dyrness, C.T
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IntroductionThe first draft of this
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General Descriptionof theClassifica
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Northwest’. Tenltoryf-Figure I-Ma
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Arctic AlaskaInterior AlaskaAn exte
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Figure 2-Vegetation type map of Ala
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Table 1-Alaska vegetation classific
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II. Scrub8a. Vegetation with at lea
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mn15
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FQ221
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n aa25
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mP35
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.I44
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Descriptions ofLevel I, II, 111,and
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Communities-Picea sifchensis/Oplopa
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LA. 1.d. Closed Western Hemlock-Sit
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Figure 6-Closed needleleaf forest o
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Distrlbutlon and site characteristi
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Communities-Picea glaucahathermosse
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LA. 1.1. Closed Black Spruce-White
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A lower well-developed shrub layer
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A layer of herbs and ferns provides
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Figure lS0pen needleleaf forest ofw
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Figure 1 64pen needleleaf forest of
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1.A.2.h. Open Black Spruce-Tamarack
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A.3.b. Siika Spruce WoodlandDescrlp
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and others 1988). Picea glaucdAlnus
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A well-developed tall shrub layer,
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Figure 24-Closed broadleaf forest o
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Occasionally, small stands of balsa
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Mature birch can survive low-intens
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Distribution and Site characteristl
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Distributlon and site characteristi
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Figure 314pen broadleaf forest ofba
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I.B.3.b. Balsam Poplar WoodlandDesc
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stands reach 120 years of age. A ta
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1.c.7.d. Closed Quaking Aspen-Spruc
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Figure 35-Closed mixed forest 01 ba
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I.C.2.b. Open Quaking Aspen-Spruce
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Distribution and site characteristi
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Closely related types-Closed subalp
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ll.A.3.a. Black Spruce Dwarf Tree W
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Figure 38-Closed tall willow shrub
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hummocky substrate and usually are
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Primary references-Batten and other
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Figure 41-Open tall willow shrub of
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ll.B.2.c. Open Tall Shrub Birch Shr
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Figure 44-Closed low willow shrub o
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Communities-Betula nana-Salixplanif
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Successlonal status-Many of these c
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Primary referencecHanson 1951; Pega
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generally also have an abundance of
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Successional status-Communities on
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Communitles-Salix glauca/Arcfosfaph
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Primary references-Hogan and Tande
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Closely related types-Sagebrush-gra
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Figure 52-Oryas dwarf shrub tundraw
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ugosum (Hettinger and Janz 1974). D
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Oxyfropis nigrescens, Hierochlog al
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Closely related types-Vaccinium dwa
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ll.D.2.d. Mountain-Heath Dwarf Shru
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1984). Cassiope mertensiana-C. stel
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Figure SB--Dry graminoid herbaceous
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' , , .MA. 1.b. Dry FescueFigure 54
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Figure 60-Midgrass-shrub stand of t
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(Crow 1977b, Ritchie and others 198
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Successional status-In southwestern
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Primary references-Batten and other
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Primary reference-Hjeljord 1971.Com
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Closely related types-Sedge-birch t
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Figure 64-We1 sedge meadow tundraof
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Closely related types-Wet sedge mea
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Figure €.&Subarcticlowland sedge
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Closely related types-Halophytic gr
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Koppen 1977; del Moral and Watson 1
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Closely related types-These communi
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The sites themselves are covered wi
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Figure 70-A mesic forb herbaceous c
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Closely related types-These communi
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Closely related types-Herb wet mead
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Closely related types-Halophytic he
Page 205 and 206: III.C.1.6. Dly BryophyteFigure ? L
Page 207 and 208: lll.C.2.b. Foliose and Fruticose Li
Page 209 and 210: lll.D.I.b. Common MarestailFigure 7
Page 211 and 212: Photographs-Figure 79, this publica
Page 213 and 214: Communlties-Su~ularia aquafica-Call
Page 215 and 216: Figure 80(len)-A marine aquatic eel
Page 217 and 218: ReferencesWhile preparing the Alask
Page 219 and 220: Anderson, J.H. 1972. Phytocenology
Page 221 and 222: Brock, Steven; Burke, Ingrid. 1980.
Page 223 and 224: Crow, John Huber. 1968. Plant ecolo
Page 225 and 226: Fries, Janet A. 1977. The vascular
Page 227 and 228: Holowaychuk, N.; Smeck, Neil E. 197
Page 229 and 230: Kessler, Wlnlfred B. 1979. Bird pop
Page 231 and 232: Martin, Jon R.; Brady, Ward W.; Dow
Page 233 and 234: Neiland, Bonita J. 1971b. Survey of
Page 235 and 236: Raclne, Charles H.; Anderson, J.H.
Page 237 and 238: Selkregg, Lidla L. 1975a. Alaska re
Page 239 and 240: Stevens, M.E. 1965. Relation of veg
Page 241 and 242: Van Cleve, K.; Viereck, L.A. 1981.
Page 243 and 244: Walker, D.A.; Lederer, N.P. 1983. V
Page 245 and 246: Wiggins, Ira L. 1951. The distribut
Page 247 and 248: Table %Listof scientific and common
Page 249 and 250: Table &--List of scientific and com
Page 251 and 252: Table 3-Lis.t of scientific and com
Page 253 and 254: Table >Listof scientific and common
Page 255: Table %Listof scientific and common
Page 259 and 260: Assoclatlon, plant-A stand or group
Page 261 and 262: Bryold-(1) A moss, liverwort, or ho
Page 263 and 264: Ctyaquepts-Gray or olive soils with
Page 265 and 266: Edaphic-(adj.) Pertaining to the so
Page 267 and 268: Foliage cover-See cover.Foot slope-
Page 269 and 270: Herbaceous4n the Alaska vegetation
Page 271 and 272: Marsh-(1) A periodically wet or con
Page 273 and 274: Old-growth stand-Not synonymous wit
Page 275 and 276: Pioneer-Plant capable of invading b
Page 277 and 278: Sere-A sequence of plant communitie
Page 279 and 280: Submerged aquatic plant-Plant adapt
Page 281 and 282: ~ y p + kind ~ of vegetation; for e
Page 283 and 284: Viereck, L.A.; Dymess, C.T.; Batten
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