rologie i - European Congress of Virology

5 th European Congress of Virologyof 35 and 27 FCoV asymptomatically infected and FIP cats, respectively.However, no polymorphism was identified in all cats at fIFNG+886. Investigation was further expended to identify other SNPs onfIFNG and 15 SNPs were identified on the intron regions. The associationbetween identified SNPs and the outcome of FCoV infection will bediscussed.that this superinfection exclusion was mediated by differential inhibitionof cp and ncp viruses by type I interferon (IFN), as recombinant IFNalpha inhibited both biotypes to a similar extent. However, the underlyingmechanism of this ncp specific superinfection exclusion remains to bedetermined.REF 323Arboviruses pathogenic for domestic and wild animalsZdenek HUBÁLEK 1 , Ivo RUDOLF 1 , Norbert NOWOTNY 21 Institute of Vertebrate Biology ASCR, v.v.i., Brno, CZECH REPUBLIC;2 Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, AUSTRIAThis review contains background data on taxonomy, history, arthropodvectors, vertebrate hosts, animal disease, and geographic distribution ofall arboviruses known to date causing disease in endotherm vertebrates(except those viruses affecting exclusively man). Nearly 50 arbovirusespathogenic for animals have been documented worldwide, belongingto seven families: Togaviridae, Flaviviridae, Bunyaviridae, Reoviridae,Rhabdoviridae, Orthomyxoviridae and Asfarviridae. They are transmittedto animals by five groups of haematophagous arthropods (ticks Ixodidaeand Argasidae; mosquitoes Culicidae; biting midges Ceratopogonidae;sandflies Phlebotominae; cimicid bugs Cimicidae. Important arboviraldiseases in endotherm animals are tick borne louping ill, Nairobi sheepdisease (NSD), African swine fever (ASF); mosquito borne Eastern, Westernand Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitides (EEE, WEE, VEE), WestNile encephalitis (WNE), Israel turkey meningoencephalitis, Cache Valleydisease, Rift Valley fever (RVF); sandfly borne (vesicular stomatitis(VS); midge borne Akabane disease, Schmallenberg disease, African horsesickness (AHS), bluetongue (BT), epizootic haemorrhagic disease of deer.Diseases due to some of these viruses occasionally cause very significanteconomic losses in domestic animals – e.g., EEE, WEE and VEE, WNE,NSD, RVF, Akabane fever, Schmallenberg disease (emerging recently inEurope), AHS, BT, VS, or ASF; all of these (except for Akabane andSchmallenberg diseases) are notifiable to the World Organisation for AnimalHealth (OIE).REF 324Biotype Specific Superinfection Exclusion in Bovine Viral DiarrheaVirus InfectionsLinda HÜSSER, Kay Sara SAUTER, Matthias SCHWEIZERInstitute of Veterinary Virology, University of Berne, Berne,SWITZERLANDThe pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) exists as two biotypes,cytopathic (cp) and noncytopathic (ncp).Ncp BVDV may infect fetusesin utero leading to the birth of persistently infected (PI) animals that areat risk of developing fatal mucosal disease (MD).From animals sufferingfrom MD both, an ncp and the antigenically homologous cp biotype canbe isolated (called a “virus pair”).We aimed to clarify the interactions ofsuch virus pairs in PI animals. We superinfected PBMCs isolated from PIor control animals with either ncp or cp BVDV of a virus pair that is nothomologous to the persistent BVDV strain and assessed the efficiency ofviral replication.The cp biotype grew to similar titers in control and in PIPBMCs whereas the growth of superinfecting ncp BVDV was severelysuppressed only in PI PCMCs.This selective viral growth was confirmedusing strain specific RT PCR that permits the differentiation of thesuperinfecting biotypes from the persisting ncp virus.These ex vivo experimentscould be confirmed in an in vitro model.Furthermore FACS analysisusing a strain specific antibody revealed that only the cp biotype wasable to superinfect persistently BVDV infected turbinate cells, whereasno cells harboring superinfecting ncp virus were detectable. It is unlikelyREF 325Derivation of a complete louping ill virus genome sequence from thespinal cord of an infected lambNicholas JOHNSON 1 , Denise MARSTON 1 , Karen MANSFIELD 1 ,Rebecca MEARNS 2 , Richard ELLIS 1 , Anthony FOOKS 1,31 Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Addlestone, UNI-TED KINGDOM; 2 Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency,Penrith, UNITED KINGDOM; 3 National Consortium for ZoonosisResearch, Leahurst, UNITED KINGDOMLouping ill virus (LIV) causes a febrile illness primarily in sheep andgrouse that can lead to fatal encephalitis. There is also evidence that thisvirus is zoonotic. LIV is found predominantly within the upland areas of theUK and is transmitted by Ixodes ricinus ticks. The only published sequenceof the LIV genome was submitted to GenBank in 1996 from a virus thathad been serially passaged following its isolation from a tick caught inScotland in 1963 (isolate 369/T2/GenBank NC 001809). In order to assessthe ability to derive full length genomes from a clinical sample we haveextracted total RNA from a spinal cord removed from a young sheep thatdied suddenly near Penrith, England. LIV was confirmed in the spinal cordby immunohistochemistry and detection of flavivirus by RT PCR. NextGeneration Sequencing recovered a partial genome sequence with only77 reads (0.1% of total) being of LIV origin reflecting the relatively smallproportion of virus genome in relation to host nucleic acid. The remainingsequence was obtained using directed PCR. The genome is 10865 basepairs in length and shares 95.6% sequence identity with the published LIVgenome (NC 001809). This study represents the first attempt to recovercomplete LIV genome from a clinical sample.REF 326Phylogenetic analysis of two novel Mengo virus strains isolated fromMarmosets in The United Arab EmiratesJolanta KOLODZIEJEK 1 , Tom BAILEY 2 , Ulrich WERNERY 3 , NicolaHEIDLER 1 , Helga LUSSY 1 , Norbert NOWOTNY 1,41 Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, AUS-TRIA; 2 Dubai Falcon Hospital, Dubai, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES;3 Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, UNITED ARAB EMI-RATES; 4 College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan QaboosUniversity, Muscat, OMANCytopathic viruses were isolated from brain tissues of several marmosets(Callithrix jacchus), which succumbed due to neurological diseasebetween 2005 and 2006, and were submitted to our institute for furtherinvestigations. Two virus isolates were selected for detailed genetic characterizationand phylogenetic analysis. For the initial RT PCR investigations,encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) specific primers were used. Basedon the nucleotide sequences of the obtained amplification products and ofMengo virus reference strain sequence L22089, further 56 primer pairswere designed in order to amplify the complete viral genomes. All RTPCR products were sequenced. The obtained sequences were aligned andverified by BLAST search. The phylogenetic analysis was performed byemploying the MEGA4 program. The two isolates exhibited 99% identityto each other at both nucleotide and amino acid levels. Complete aminoacid sequences of their polyproteins revealed 95% identity to Mengo virusstrain “M” and 89 94% identities to the porcine, murine and simian EMCviruses. The identities to rat Theilo and human Cardio and Saffold virusesS210 Virologie, Vol 17, supplément 2, septembre 2013