rologie i - European Congress of Virology

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5 th European Congress of VirologyFriday 13 th September 2013, 13h30 – 14h45SYMPOSIUM QIAGEN“ACHIEVING CLINICAL AND OPERATIONALEXCELLENCE THROUGH WORKFLOW OPTIMISATION”Chairpersons:Martin SCHUTTEN (Rotterdam, THE NETHERLANDS),David BOUTOLLEAU (Paris, FRANCE)Room Prestige Gratte-CielKEYNOTE: Modernizing in house developed molecular assays, theneed for automationMartin SCHUTTENRotterdam, The NetherlandsDetection and quantification of CMV DNA in peripheral blood andamniotic fluid in pregnancy complicated by primary CMV infectionFausto BALDANTIPavia, ItalyImproving laboratory efficiency and output: Comparison of artus QS-RGQ and established in-house workflowsTim CONIBEARLondon, United KingdomVirologie, Vol 17, supplément 2, septembre 2013S81
5 th European Congress of VirologyFriday 13 th September 2013, 13h30 – 14h45SYMPOSIUM SANOFI PASTEUR“NEW PARADIGM FOR DENGUE PREVENTION”Chairpersons: Nicholas JACKSON (FRANCE)& Patrick MAVINGUI (FRANCE)Room Tête d’OrCharacterization of the Sanofi Pasteur dengue vaccine candidate:hypotheses and investigations to explain results of the Phase IIb proofof-conceptefficacy trial in RatchaburiBruno GUYSanofi Pasteur, Lyon, FRANCEThe Sanofi Pasteur CYD tetravalent dengue vaccine candidate has beenextensively characterized at the microbiological and immunological levels,both in preclinical models and in clinical trials. The results from theseinvestigations showed that the vaccine induces broad and significantimmune response. However, the proof-of-concept efficacy trial of thisvaccine—a Phase IIb trial conducted in Thailand between 2009–2012(ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00842530)—showed that this does not necessarilytranslate into protection against disease caused by all viruses of all 4serotypes. Indeed, despite high PRNT50 titers against DENV2, protectionwas not observed against the circulating DENV2 viruses. The researchprogram initiated to understand this unexpected result was built assumingthat the underlying explanation involves one or more of four key factorsinfluencing vaccine-induced immunity: the circulating viruses, the vaccine,the mosquito vector, and host immunity. Ongoing investigations, inpartnership with academic laboratories, are exploring the contributionsof: interference between vaccine serotypes, host immunity prior to vaccination,quantitative and qualitative immune responses (e.g., heterotypicand homotypic responses; enhancing and neutralizing responses), and cellmediated immunity.Role of the vector in dengue epidemic dynamicPatrick MAVINGUIMicrobial Dynamics and Virus Transmission Team, Microbial EcologyLaboratory, UMR CNRS 5557, USC INRA 1364, VetAgro Sup, UniversityLyon 1, Lyon, FRANCEMosquitoes are major vectors of arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses) tohuman and animals. The species Aedes aegypti is recognized as the primaryepidemic vector of dengue virus (DENV). Recently, the sister taxon Aedesalbopictus, known as a secondary DENV vector, has been involved indengue outbreaks in several countries in Africa and Asia. These outbreakscoincided with a high increase in reports on the presence of Aedes albopictusthat seems to outcompete Aedes aegypti. Indeed, the last twenty years,Aedes albopictus originated from South-East Asia has become one of themost invasive mosquito species with an extending worldwide distribution,including in temperate regions such as Europe where it was incriminatedin the transmission of dengue cases. We will report the role of the twoAedes species in relation to recent data on spatiotemporal dynamics ofdengue epidemics.Arbovirus emergence caused by small genetic changes in the viralgenomeAnna-Bella FAILLOUXInstitut Pasteur, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors Laboratory, Departmentof Virology, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, Paris, FRANCEEmergence of arboviruses could result from their ability to exploit newenvironments, for example a new host. This ability is facilitated by the highmutation rate occurring during viral genome replication. The last emergenceof chikungunya (CHIK) in the Indian Ocean region corroboratesthis statement since a single amino acid change at the position 226 in theE1 glycoprotein in a region predicted to interact with the target membrane,has been selected for efficient transmission by an unusual mosquito speciesAe. albopictus, mostly in areas where the main vector Ae. aegypti wasabsent or less abundant. The variant harbouring the amino acid change hasmediated enhanced transmission by Ae. albopictus which is able to deliverinfectious viral particles by its saliva two days after ingesting an infectiousblood-meal. We demonstrated that the midgut barrier plays a key role inselecting this emerging CHIK variant. Thus, some point mutations in theviral genome may contribute to facilitate the adaptation to a particular vector.We are testing using experimental transmission if dengue virus can beselected for an enhanced transmission potential by the secondary vector,Ae. albopictus.Functional genomic study of asymptomatic versus symptomaticdengue viral infectionAnavaj SAKUNTABHAIFunctional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Genomeand Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, FRANCEA recent study of the global dengue burden estimated 390 million dengueviral (DENV) infection per year of which 96 million were apparent(symptomatic and come to medical attention). The key immunoprotectionagainst DENV could be identified from these inapparent DENVinfections who can clear the virus without developing symptoms. Weperformed a household investigation of patients with apparent DENVinfection in Cambodia and Cuba to detect individuals who had dengue viremiawithout clinical symptoms. We performed a whole genome study andtranscriptomic analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells comparingasymptomatic and symptomatic DENV infection. We identified naturalkiller cells and cytotoxic T cells activated in individuals with asymptomaticinfection whereas patients with dengue disease showed T helper 2 immunologicalresponses and activation of neutrophils. In addition, we foundevidence of genetic susceptibility to severe dengue in the European descentin Cuba.S82 Virologie, Vol 17, supplément 2, septembre 2013
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Contents5 th European Congress of V
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i r o l o g i eList of Keynote Spea
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i r o l o g i eWelcomeWelcome to th
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i r o l o g i eExhibitorsThe indust
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i r o l o g i eGeneral Information
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PROGRAMME AT A GLANCEWednesday 11th
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