rologie i - European Congress of Virology

5 th European Congress of Virology21. VIRUS DISCOVERY ANDMETAGENOMICS (EMPERIE)Posters: REF 397 to REF 416REF 397The pathogenesis and genetic diversity of rodent torque teno virusesShoko NISHIYAMA 1 , Bernadette DUTIA 1 , Peter SIMMONDS 1,2 ,Colin SHARP 11 Department of infection and immunity, The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS,University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UNITED KINGDOM; 2 Centre forImmunity, Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh,UNITED KINGDOMTorque teno virus (TTV) is a single stranded circular DNA virus and,despite its widespread nature in the human population, its pathogenesis isstill unknown. Factors complicating TTV research include its huge geneticdiversity, difficulties identifying an uninfected control population, the lackof a small animal model and lack of a good cell culture system for viralpropagation. Recently we have identified a TTV homologue (RoTTV)in wild rodents. RoTTV was frequently observed in wood mice (Apodemussylvaticus) and field voles (Microtus agrestis). RoTTV infectionswere also found in bank voles (Myodes glareolus) but not in Mus musculuspopulations. Analysis of complete genome sequencing shows thatseveral genetic variants are found in wild rodent population with two distinctspecies containing several diverse genotypes. Furthermore, multiplevariants were present in single individuals, consistent with infection patternsseen in humans. RoTTV transcripts in infected wild wood mice havealso been detected and fully sequenced. Predicted protein coding regionsfrom these transcripts have been expressed in cell culture and show thedifferent expression patterns. Using cloned genomic DNA, it has also beenpossible to observe the transcription from the virus in vitro and develop anin vivo model system in naïve laboratory wood mice. This research representsthe first detailed characterisation of anellovirus diversity in the wildUK rodent population and the establishment of a tractable small animalmodel for the study of viral pathogenesis.REF 398Isolation and characterization of novel orthobunyavirus (Californiaencephalitis virus) in Finnish mosquitoesNiina PUTKURI 1 , Satu KURKELA 1,2 , Lev LEVANOV 1 , EiliHUHTAMO 1 , Antti VAHERI 1 , Tarja SIRONEN 1 , Olli VAPALAHTI 1,2,31 Haartman Institute, Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Universityof Helsinki, Helsinki, FINLAND; 2 HUSLAB, Helsinki UniversityCentral Hospital, Helsinki, FINLAND; 3 Department of Veterinary Biosciences,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki,FINLANDWe have recovered a new California encephalitis virus isolate of the genusorthobunyavirus in Finland. Genus orthobunyavirus (family bunyaviridae)includes a large group of mosquito borne viruses found all over the worldwhich many are important human and veterinary pathogens. Inkoo virus(INKV) has been the only representative of the genus in Finland sinceits isolation 1964. However, ongoing research and laboratory diagnosticshave been neglected for decades. We recovered 5 orthobunyavirus isolatesfrom altogether 1940 mosquitoes collected from eastern Finland duringat early autumn in 2007 and 2008 by inoculating Vero cells. We sequencedcomplete S and M segments and partial L segments and analyzedphylogenetic and serological relationships between the new isolates andother California encephalitis group viruses. Genetic and serological findingssuggest that the new virus isolates,called Möhkö virus (MÖHKV),are most closely related to clusters of Russian orthobunyavirus isolatesnamed Chatanga virus and further to Snowshoe hare virus and La Crossevirus. Some Chatanga virus isolates appear very similar to MÖHKV isolates(polyprotein similarity 98%) but majority are considerably divergent(polyprotein similarity 89-92%). S segment N protein identity to SSHVand LACV is 92-93% and 90-91%, M segment polyprotein identity 87%and 82%, respectively. MÖHKV is not closely related to INKV, whichwas not found in this study. Many of the California encephalitis groupviruses are well known human pathogens but the association of MÖHKVto human infection requires more investigation.REF 399Two Novel Parvoviruses in Frugivorous New and Old World BatsMarta CANUTI 1 , Anna Maria EIS HUEBINGER 2 , Martin DEIJS 1 ,Michel DE VRIES 1 , Jan Felix DREXLER 2 , Samuel K. OPPONG 3 ,Marcel A. MÜLLER 2 , Stefan M. KLOSE 2,4 , NeleWELLINGHAUSEN 5 , Veronika M. COTTONTAIL 4,6 , Elisabeth K. V.KALKO 4,7 , Christian DROSTEN 2 , Lia VAN DER HOEK 11 Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Centre (AMC),Amsterdam, THE NETHERLANDS; 2 Institute of Virology, University ofBonn Medical Centre, Bonn, GERMANY; 3 Department of Wildlife andRange Management, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology,Kumasi, GHANA; 4 Institute of Experimental Ecology, University ofUlm, Ulm, GERMANY; 5 Gaertner & Collegues Laboratory, Ravensburg,GERMANY; 6 Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Universityof Ulm, Ulm, GERMANY; 7 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute,Balboa, PANAMABats, a globally distributed group of mammals with high ecologicalimportance, are recognized as natural reservoir hosts for viral agents ofsignificance to human and animal health. We evaluated pools of bloodsamples obtained from two phylogenetically distant bat families: flyingfoxes (Pteropodidae), Eidolon helvum in West Africa, and two speciesof New World leaf nosed fruit bats (Phyllostomidae), Artibeus jamaicensisand Artibeus lituratus in Central America. A sequence independentvirus discovery technique (VIDISCA) was used in combination with highthroughput sequencing to detect two novel parvoviruses: a PARV4 likevirus (Eh BtPV 1) in E. helvum from Ghana and the first member of aputative new genus in A. jamaicensis from Panama (Aj BtPV 1). Thoseviruses were circulating in the corresponding bat colony at rates of 7–8%.Aj BtPV 1 was also found in Artibeus lituratus (5.5%). Both viruses weredetected in the blood of infected animals at high concentrations: up to10E8 and to 10E10 copies/ml for Aj BtPV 1 and Eh BtPV 1 respectively.Eh BtPV 1 was also detected in all organs collected from bats (brain, lungs,liver, spleen, kidneys and intestine) and spleen and kidneys were identifiedas the most likely sites where viral replication takes place. Our studyshows that bat parvoviruses share common ancestors with known parvovirusesof humans and livestock. We also provide evidence that a varietyof Parvovirinae are able to cause active infection in bats and that theyare widely distributed in these animals with different geographic origin,ecologies and climatic ranges.REF 402Identification of a novel herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV 2) variantSonia BURREL 2 , Nathalie DESIRE 1 , Laurent DACHEUX 3 , LaureDIANCOURT 4 , Marie Edith LAFON 5 , Emiliana ABRAO 1 , SophieSEANG 6 , Eric CAUMES 6 , Valérie CARO 4 , Hervé BOURHY 3 , HenriAGUT 1,2 , David BOUTOLLEAU 1,21 UPMC Univ Paris 06, ER1 DETIV, Paris, FRANCE; 2 Service de Virologie,Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière, Charles Foix, AP HP,Paris, FRANCE; 3 Unité de Dynamique des Lyssavirus et Adaptation àVirologie, Vol 17, supplément 2, septembre 2013S231