AEMI

120 AEMI JOURNAL 2015
Images of migrants to Australia and America 1850s- 1920s
supplies, richer diets. 32 The period also
saw the move away from sailing ships to
steam ships that were more conducive to
moving sizeable populations of people.
Drew Keeling notes in his book The
Business of Transatlantic Migration between
Europe and the United States
1900-1914, 2013 that eleven million
Europe-born migrants made nineteen
million ocean crossings on eighteen
thousand voyages by several hundred
vessels operated by two-dozen steamship
lines plying between Europe and
the principal ports of the USA. Keeling
describes the relocation of these Europeans
across the Atlantic as a human
drama, a major international demographic
shift, and a large-scale historical
experiment in ethnic transformation in
a period of unprecedented globalization.
Though smaller there were nonetheless
significant diaspora populations
en-route from the UK to Australia and
South Africa, possibly less so from NL
to the Netherlands East Indies (NEI)
the Dutch despite the VOC were less
likely to migrate in any sizeable numbers
until WWI.
Colonisation and Remittances:
A Different Flow of Revenue into
Europe
The Colonial Empires that followed on
from the East India Company trading
activities engendered a second more intense
migration out of Europe by peo-