7th World Congress on Mummy Studies University of San Diego San ...

ABSTRACTS.–.Symposia
162 <strong>World</strong>’s Fairs as Special Collections,.TAMMy LAU.(Head,.
Special. Collections. Research. Center,. California. State. University,.
Fresno,.5200.North.Barton.Avenue,.ML34,.Fresno,.CA.93740;.tammyL@csufresno.edu).This.will.be.a.brief.description.of.the.Donald.G..Larson.Collection.on.International.Expositions.and.Fairs,.the.largest.world’s.fair.collection.on.the.West.Coast.as.well.as.a.discussion.of.the.challenges.of.documenting.all.world’s.fairs.from.1851.to.the.present,.
the. promise. of. working. with. scholars. and. researchers. in. developing.
a. collection,. the. importance. of. collecting. primary. sources.
and.the.future.of.the.field.in.world’s.fair.research.and.collection.
development.
Facial Analysis and
Depiction of Preserved Remains
Wednesday, starting at 9:15 a.m. in KIPJ Theatre
163 The Craniofacial Analysis of the Possible Skull of Arsinoe,
Sister of Cleopatra,. CHRISTOPHER RyNN 1 *, CAROLINE
WILKINSON 1 , FABIAN KANz 2 , and JANICE P. AITKEN 1
( 1 Centre. for.Anatomy. and. Human. Identification,. College. of. Life.
Sciences,.University.of.Dundee,.DD1.5EH,.Dundee,.Scotland,.UK;.
2 Unit. of. Forensic. Anthropology,. Medical. University. of. Vienna,.
Department.of.Forensic.Medicine,.Austria;.chrisrynn@gmail.com).
The.remains.of.a.teenage.female,.dated.to.between.210.and.
20BC,.were.discovered.in.1926.by.Josef.Keil.(Austrian.Archaelogical.
Institute). at. the. “Oktogon”. -. a. Heroon. tomb. in. the. centre. of.
ancient. Ephesus..Thought. to. belong. to.Arsinoe. IV. of. Egypt,. the.
exiled.and.murdered.younger.sister.of.Cleopatra.VII,.the.skull.has.
been.lost.for.over.50.years..
Photographs. taken. of. the. skull. in. anatomical. planes. were.
scaled. and. imported. into. SensAble. Freeform. 3D. modelling. software..
Each. photograph. formed. one. wall. of. a. 3D. cuboid. shape,.
into. which. the. 3D. model. of. a. skull. of. similar. biological. profile.
was. imported,. aligned,. and. subsequently. manually. distorted. to.
fit.each.image.in.the.appropriate.elevation..Detailed.craniometric.
measurements.taken.before.the.skull’s.disappearance.in.1953.were.
employed.to.improve.the.accuracy.of.the.virtual.skull.model..The.
absent. mandible. was. estimated. using. roentgenographic. cephalometric.analysis,.and.modern.forensically-tested.methods.were.used.
to.reconstruct.the.face.
164 Facial Analysis of a Tsantsa: A Shrunken Head from the Shuar
Tribes of South America, TOBIAS HOULTON (College.of.Anatomy.and.Human.Identification,.MSI/TMW.Complex,.Dow.Street,.
University. of. Dundee,. DD1. 5EH,. Scotland;. tobias.houlton@hotmail.com).
Original.MSc.research.was.on.a.tsantsa.(shrunken.head).from.
the.McManus.Museum.in.Dundee.and.thought.to.be.from.the.Shuar.
Tribes.in.South.America..It.challenged.recent.speculation.that.the.
head. was. simian,. and. not. an. authentic. example. of. human. head.
shrinking..The.tsantsa.was.assessed.for.sex.and.age.and.the.effects.
of.shrinking.on.facial.morphology,.studied.using.pig.heads..A.3D.
facial. approximation. was. attempted. using. a. laser. scanner. (Fast-
SCAN.Scorpion).and.3D.modelling.software.(FreeForm.Modelling.
Plus)..
To.establish.the.identity.of.the.McManus.tsantsa,.morphologies.
of. extant. authenticated. human. tsantsa,. a. shrunken. monkey.
98
head,.and.living.simian.morphologies.were.assessed..Microscopic.
hair.analysis.confirmed.the.tsantsa.as.human,.of.Mongoloid.ancestry..Population.demographics.resulted.in.the.head.being.estimated.
as.male,.age.20-30.years..
The.tsantsa.scan.was.constructed.utilizing.craniofacial.measurements,.obtained.from.the.McManus.tsantsa.and.superimposed.
subject.photographs..A.scanned.template.cranium.was.manipulated.
in.FreeForm.to.conform.to.extant.Peruvian.craniofacial.measurements,.and.a.template.mandible.developed.using.Sassouni.Analysis,.providing.a.hypothetical.scaffold.for.reconstruction..Texturing.and.tribal.decoration.was.applied.with.Autodesk.Maya.2010..Verification.of.the.reconstruction.was.not.possible.due.to.the.absence.of.
ante-mortem.photographs.
165 The Texturing of a Facial Depiction of Clonycavan Man – A
Bog Body from Ireland,. JANICE P. AITKEN 1 *, CAROLINE
WILKINSON 2 , and C. D. EROLIN 2 ( 1 Duncan. of. Jordanstone.
College. of. Art. and. Design,. University. of. Dundee,. Perth. Road,.
Dundee,. Scotland,. DD1. 4HT;. 2 Center. for. Anatomy. and. Human.
Identification,. MS1/TMW. Complex,. Dow. Street,. University. of.
Dundee,.Scotland,.DD1.5EH;.j.z.aitken@dundee.ac.uk).
The.facial.morphology.and.proportions.of.the.bog.body.‘Clonycavan.
Man’. were. established. from. CT. scans,. including. a. 3D.
model.of.the.preserved.soft.tissues,.and.high.quality.photographs.
taken.at.the.time.of.discovery..The.soft.tissue.model.was.used.to.
recreate.the.facial.appearance.whilst.referring.to.the.skeletal.material.for.basic.proportions..The.digital.3D.facial.model.was.manipulated.in.Freeform.Modelling.Plus.software.to.produce.a.head.
Skin.textures,.eyes.and.hair.were.added.to.the.3D.model.using.
Maya. 3D. animation. software. and. Adobe. Photoshop.. Digitally.
painted.images.or.‘texture.maps’.were.added.to.the.model.using.
a. subsurface. scattering. shading. group. designed. to. simulate. the.
appearance.of.the.translucence.of.skin..The.texture.of.the.skin.was.
simulated.by.adding.a.‘bump.map’.which.gives.the.appearance.of.
pores,. wrinkles. and. marks..The. bump. map. simulated. textures. in.
a.relatively.shallow.depth.and.the.geometry.of.the.model.was.not.
changed.and.so.retained.the.integrity.of.the.original.forensic.facial.
reconstruction.
Eyes. were. created. as. 3D. models. and. colour. added. according.to.that.estimated.by.the.National.Museum.of.Ireland..Hairstyle.
and. facial. hair. were. created. using. the. ‘Paint. Effects’. tool. within.
Maya.to.the.style.and.colour.suggested.in.the.report.provided.by.
the.Museum.of.Ireland..A.final.rendered.animation.was.created.of.
a.rotation.of.the.head.to.allow.the.viewer.to.see.the.model.from.a.
range.of.angles.
166 Body Snatchers – The Analysis of a Mummified Human Child
as an Anatomical. Specimen,. CAROLINE WILKINSON, SUE
BLACK, XANTHE MALLETT, and WOLFRAM MEIER-
AUGENSTEIN (Centre. for. Anatomy. and. Human. Identification.
and.Duncan.of.Jordanstone.College.of.Art,.University.of.Dundee,.
Dundee,.DD1.4HN,.Scotland;.c.m.wilkinson@dundee.ac.uk).
This.paper.describes.the.analysis.of.a.dissected.and.preserved.
child.thought.to.be.a.19th.century.anatomical.specimen..The.analysis.
included. historical. research,. stable. isotope. assessment,. resin.
content.assessment.and.facial.depiction..The.research.follows.an.
interesting.path.in.darkest.Victorian.Britain,.and.the.story.leads.to.a.
possible.murder.victim.