7th World Congress on Mummy Studies University of San Diego San ...

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ABSTRACTS.–.Symposia 98 The Repelling Bose String, J.B. McGUIRE. (Department. of. Physics,. Florida. Atlantic. University,. 777. W.. Glades. Rd,. Boca. Raton.FL,.33431,.mcguj@me.com). There.is.a.body.of.conventional.wisdom.that.holds.that.a.solvable.quantum.problem,.by.virtue.of.its.solvability,.is.pathological. and.thus.irrelevant..It.has.been.difficult.to.refute.this.view.owing. to. the. paucity. of. theoretical. constructs. and. experimental. results.. Recent.experiments.involving.equivalent.ions.trapped.in.a.spatial. conformation. of. extreme. anisotropic. confinement. (longitudinal. extension. tens,. hundreds. or. even. thousands. of. times. transverse. extension).have.modified.the.view.of.relevancy,.and.it.is.now.possible.to.consider.systems.previously.thought.pathological,.in.particular.point.bosons.that.repel.in.one.dimension..It.has.been.difficult.for.the.experimentalists.to.utilize.existing.theory,.mainly.due.to. long-standing.theoretical.misunderstanding.of.the.relevance.of.the. permutation.group,.in.particular.the.non-commutativity.of.translations.(periodicity).and.transpositions.(permutation)..This.misunderstanding.is.most.easily.rectified.in.the.case.of.repelling.bosons.. 99 The Quantum Solar Cell: Using Quantum Thermodynamics to Mitigate Recombination and Enhance Efficiency, KONSTAN- TIN E. DORFMAN*, MARLAN O. SCULLy, and ANATOLy A. SVISzINSKy (Texas.A&M. University,. College. Station,. TX. 77843.and.Princeton.University,.Princeton,.NJ.08544;.dorfman@ physics.tamu.edu). The. fundamental. limit. to. solar. cell. efficiency. is. radiative. recombination.which.balances.radiative.absorption..This.detailed. balance.condition.yields.a.classical.Carnot.thermodynamic.limit.. We. here. show. that. it. is. possible. to. break. detailed. balance. via. quantum.coherence,.as.in.the.case.of.lasing.without.inversion.and. the. photo-Carnot. quantum. heat. engine.. This. yields,. in. principle,. a.quantum.Carnot.limit.to.solar.cell.operation.which.exceeds.the. classical.one.. The.efficiency.of.solar.energy.conversion.is.an.important.problem.of.twenty.first.century.quantum.science.and.engineering..The. first.p-n.junction.Si.solar.cells.had.an.efficiency.of.around.5%..The. (empirical).limit.at.that.time.was.thought.to.be.20%..Half.a.decade. later,.Shockley.and.Quiesser.(SQ).showed.that.the.limit.was.more. correctly.attributed.to.the.fact.that.electron-hole.pairs.generated.by. absorption.of.sunlight.are.often.lost.due.to.radiative.recombination. before.they.can.contribute.to.useful.work. Here.we.analyze.a.toy.photocell.illuminated.by.a.monochromatic.slice.of.the.solar.spectrum.to.show.how.we.can.mitigate.radiative.recombination.and.enhance.efficiency.via.quantum.coherence. 100 Experimental Challenge to the Second Law of Thermodynamics in High-Temperature, Gas-Surface Reactions,. D.P. SHEE- HAN*, D.J. MALLIN, and J.T. GARAMELLA.(Department.of. Physics,.University.of.San.Diego,.5998.Alcala.Park,.San.Diego,.CA. 92110;.dsheehan@sandiego.edu). It.is.well.known.that.gas.molecules.can.adsorb,.desorb,.dissociate.and.recombine.at.different.rates.on.different.chemical.surfaces;.the.world’s.catalyst.industry.relies.on.this..In.principle,.under. low-pressure. blackbody. cavity. conditions,. differences. in. these. rates. between. different. surfaces. can. give. rise. to. steady-state. gas. phase.nonequilibria,.thereby.challenging.of.the.second.law.[1,2].. This.paper.reports.on.a.laboratory.realization.of.this.scenario..Lowpressure.molecular.hydrogen.was.found.to.dissociate.and.desorb.preferentially.on.rhenium.compared.with.tungsten.at.elevated.temperatures..Inside.of.blackbody.cavities.lined.with.either.tungsten.or. 84 rhenium,.resistors.and.thermocouples.fashioned.from.rhenium.and. tungsten.filaments.are.being.monitored.for.changes.in.their.temperatures,.based.on.electrical.resistance.and.Seebeck.voltage..Under. hydrogen. atmospheres. --. but. not. under. either. vacuum. or. helium. atmospheres.--.Seebeck.voltages.indicate.large.temperature.differentials.(∆T.~.100K).can.be.maintained.between.the.metals.inside.the.cavities,.in.apparent.conflict.with.the.second.law..Theory,.experiment,.and.possible.applications.of.these.results.will.be.detailed. References:. 1).D.P..Sheehan,.Phys..Rev..E.57,.6660.(1998). 2).D.P..Sheehan,.Phys..Lett..A.280,.185.(2001). 101 Experimental Evidence Violating Laws of Thermodynamics In Magnetostrictive Materials, GERALD PELLEGRINI (Department.of.Electrical.and.Computer.Engineering,.Northeastern.University,. 360. Huntington.Ave.,. Boston,. MA. 02115;. gnpellegrini@ aol.com). There.have.been.a.number.of.experimental.results.which.show. that. the. magnetomechanical. coupling. in. certain. magnetostrictive. materials.do.not.satisfy.the.thermodynamic.“Maxwell.Relations”.. These.startling.results.have.come.from.different.laboratories.including.the.Naval.Surface.Warfare.Center,.Carderock.Division.and.the. University. of. Maryland,. College. Park.. If. these. experiments. are. correct,.and.the.“Maxwell.Relations”.are.violated,.the.experiments. represent.the.very.important.discovery.of.magnetic.materials.that. do.not.obey.the.standard.thermodynamic.laws..In.this.paper,.the. experimental.evidence.will.be.presented.along.with.the.theoretical. analysis.demonstrating.that.the.experimental.data.is.not.consistent. with.the.existence.of.the.standard.thermodynamic.potentials,.and. demonstrating.how.magnetomechanical.cycles.may.be.constructed. by. which. energy. can. be. extracted. from. the. ambient. temperature. environment.. Experimental. measurements. of. an. extraction. of. energy.in.such.magnetomechanical.cycles.will.also.be.presented. 102 The Proell Effect: A Macroscopic Maxwell’s Demon,. KEN- NETH M. RAUEN.(1005.Huron,.Lubbock,.TX.79416;.kmpr27@ yahoo.com). Maxwell’s.Demon.is.a.legitimate.challenge.to.the.Second.Law. of.Thermodynamics.when.the.“demon”.is.executed.via.the.Proell. effect.. Thermal. energy. transfer. according. to. the. Kinetic. Theory. of.Heat.and.Statistical.Mechanics.that.takes.place.over.distances. greater. than. the. mean. free. path. of. a. gas. circumvents. the. microscopic. randomness. that. leads. to. macroscopic. irreversibility.. No. information.is.required.to.sort.the.particles.as.no.sorting.occurs;.the. entire.volume.of.gas.undergoes.the.same.transition. The.Proell.effect.achieves.quasi-spontaneous.thermal.separation.without.sorting.by.the.perturbation.of.a.heterogeneous.constant. volume.system.with.displacement.and.regeneration..The.classical. analysis.of.the.constant.volume.process,.such.as.found.in.the.Stirling.Cycle,.is.incomplete.and.therefore.incorrect..There.are.extra. energy. flows. that. classical. thermo. does. not. recognize.. When. a. working.fluid.is.displaced.across.a.regenerator.with.a.temperature. gradient.in.a.constant.volume.system,.complimentary.compression. and.expansion.work.takes.place.that.transfers.energy.between.the. regenerator.and.the.bulk.gas.volumes.of.the.hot.and.cold.sides.of. the. constant. volume. system.. Heat. capacity. at. constant. pressure. applies.instead.of.heat.capacity.at.constant.volume..The.resultant. increase.in.calculated,.recyclable.energy.allows.the.Carnot.Limit.to. be.exceeded.in.certain.cycles..Super-Carnot.heat.engines.and.heat. pumps.have.been.designed.and.a.US.patent.has.been.awarded.
Technical Studies on the Head of an Egyptian Child Mummy Tuesday, starting at 10:30 a.m. in KIPJ Theatre 103 Digital.Extraction of Surface Volumes Rendered from the CT Scans of a Late Period Egyptian Mummy,.ANITA PETTy.(Director,.Digital.Manufacturing,.3M.Unitek,.5620.Venice.Ave.NE,.Suite. G,.Albuquerque,.NM.87113;.anitapetty@comcast.net). This. project. is. part. of. a. multidisciplinary. study. of. a. Late. Period. Egyptian. child. mummy. head. (MCCM. 1921.56). collected. from.Egypt.during.the.1920.Shelton.Expedition..Its.purpose.is.to. demonstrate.the.efficacy.of.a.non-destructive.method.for.digitally. extracting.3-D.volumetric.data.sets.from.CT.scans..In.this.study,. the.primary.and.unerupted.permanent.dentition.of.a.four.year-year. old.child.mummy.were.digitally.extracted,.separated,.and.rendered. using.advanced.surfacing.algorithms.and.3-D.engineering.software.. The.resulting.teeth.models.were.then.physically.reproduced.using. stereo-lithography.to.allow.for.follow-on.odontology.studies.. 104 Chemical Analysis of the Resin on Wrappings of a Late Period Egyptian Mummy, DAVE SEAPy 1 , ADEL SAIED 1 , MARVIN ROWE 1,2 *, and ANITA PETTy 3 ( 1 Science.Program,.Texas.A&M. University. (Qatar. campus);. 2 Conservation. Lab,. Museum. of. New. Mexico,.706.Camino.Lejo,.Santa.Fe,.NM.87505;. 3 Digital.Operations,.3M.Unitek,.5620.Venice.Ave.NE,.Suite.G,.Albuquerque,.NM. 87113;.anitapetty@comcast.net).. This. analysis. is. part. of. a. multidisciplinary. study. of. a. Late. Period. Egyptian. child. mummy. head. (MCCM. 1921.56). collected. from.Egypt.during.the.1920.Shelton.Expedition..Its.purpose.is.to. derive.information.on.the.chemical.composition.and.potential.origin. of.the.resin.collected.from.this.mummy.using.gas.chromatography. -.mass.spectrometry.(CG-MS),.Fourier.Transform.Infrared.(FTIR). and.Nuclear.Magnetic.Resonance.(NMR).Spectroscopy..Samples. of. the. resin-coated. wrappings. were. obtained. from. the. mummy. head.and.prepared.for.analysis..Solid.state.FTIR.was.performed.to. obtain.a.molecular.fingerprint.and.qualitative.analysis.of.the.materials.present..The.resin.was.then.extracted.from.the.wrappings.using. dichloromethane. (CH 2 Cl 2 ). and. other. solvents. which. allowed. the. molecules.present.to.be.studied..CG-MS.and.NMR.spectroscopy. studies.of.the.resin.are.complementary.techniques.to.the.FTIR.analysis.as.they.are.capable.of.yielding.specific.identities.of.substances. present.in.test.samples..Test.data.collected.will.then.be.compared. with.the.chemical.signatures.and.compositions.of.resins.known.to. be.used.in.the.ancient.Egyptian.mummification.process. 105 Radiocarbon Dating of a Late Period Egyptian Mummy Using Plasma Oxidation, MARVIN ROWE 1,2 *, KAREN L. STEEL- MAN 3 , JERRy KING 4 , and ANITA PETTy 5 . ( 1 Conservation. Lab,.Museum.of.New.Mexico,.706.Camino.Lejo,.Santa.Fe,.NM. 87505;. 2 Science.Program,.Texas.A&M.University,.Qatar,.P.O..Box. 23874,. Doha. Qatar;. 3 Department. of. Chemistry, . Central.Arkansas. University,. Conway,.AR. 72035;. 4 Department. of. Chemical. Engineering, . University.of.Arkansas,.Fayetteville,.AR.72701; 5 Digital. Operations,.3M.Unitek,.5620.Venice.Avenue.NE,.Suite.G,.Albuquerque,.NM.87113;.marvin.rowe@qatar.tamu.edu).This.study.seeks.to.determine.the.radiocarbon.date.of.a.sample.of.the.wrappings.collected.from.a.Late.Period.Egyptian.child. mummy. (MCCM. 1921.56).. Plasma. oxidation,. a. non-destructive. radiocarbon.dating.method.that.offers.an.alternative.to.conventional. ABSTRACTS.–.Symposia destructive.combustion.methods,.has.been.shown.to.be.extremely. accurate. in. dating. organic. samples—there. is. no. statistical. difference. between. combustion. and. plasma. oxidation. derived. results.. This.technique.was.employed.as.part.of.a.multidisciplinary.study. to. help. verify. the. mummy’s. age. and. to. demonstrate. the. efficacy. of.plasma.oxidation.in.analyzing.vary.rare.or.valuable.organic.test. samples.. A.sample.of.the.wrappings.obtained.from.the.mummy.head. was. first. treated. with. dichloromethane. (CH 2 Cl 2 ). and. other. solvents. to. remove. surface. contaminants. and. the. resin. coating. that. was.applied.to.the.wrappings.in.the.mummification.process..The. collected.sample.appears.to.have.been.conserved.in.recent.years. with.subsequent.application(s).of.resin,.therefore,.additional.super. critical.fluid.cleaning.steps.were.employed.to.carefully.remove.all. resinous.layers.prior.to.dating..Using.low-temperature.(~50-150 o C). electrically.excited.ionized.gases.(non-reactive.argon.and.reactive. oxygen),.minute.samples.of.organic.carbon.dioxide.from.the.flax. (linen).gauze.wrapping.were.collected.and.analyzed.without.any. detectable.change.to.the.original.test.specimen 106 Nondestructive X-ray Fluorescence Analysis of the Head of an Egyptian Child Mummy, MARVIN ROWE 1,2 *, ANITA PETTy 3 , and MARK MACKENzIE 1 . ( 1 Conservation. Lab,. Museum. of. New. Mexico,. 706. Camino. Lejo,. Santa. Fe,. NM. 87505;. 2 Science. Program,. Texas.A&M. University,. Qatar,. P.O.. Box. 23874,. Doha. Qatar;. 3 Digital.Operations,.3M.Unitek,.5620.Venice.Ave.NE,.Suite. G,.Albuquerque,.NM.87113;.marvin.rowe@qatar.tamu.edu). This. analysis. is. part. of. a. multidisciplinary. study. of. a. Late. Period. Egyptian. child. mummy. head. (MCCM. 1921.56). collected. from.Egypt.during.the.1920.Shelton.Expedition..The.mummified. skull.in.this.study.was.covered.with.linen.wrappings.coated.with.a. dark.brown,.resinous.material..Using.portable,.Bruker.Tracer.III- V,. X-ray. fluorescence. spectroscopy. (pXRF),. low-level. radiation. was.applied.to.various.regions.of.the.surface.wrappings.to.obtain. the. elemental. composition. at. those. sites.. This. analysis. (see. figure.below),.indicated.that.beneath.the.wrappings,.both.orbits.had.been.covered.with.gold.(Au).foil.during.the.mummification.process..Physical.inspection.revealed.that.a.thin.layer.of.this.material. extended.from.the.superciliary.to.the.zygomatic.arches.of.the.right. orbit.with.a.smaller.foil.overlaying.the.left.orbit. The.two.major.gold.peaks.at.energies.at.9.71.And.11.44.keV. are.among.the.most.prominent.of.the.elements.seen..The.one.exception.is.that.for.iron.(Fe).at.energies.of.6.403.and.7.057.keV..The.iron.may.have.been.added.as.iron.ocher.to.provide.an.initial.red.coloration.to.the.mummy..Another.explanation.for.the.presence.of.iron. is.that.it.is.a.post-depositional.remnant.resulting.from.the.subject’s. exposure. to. soil. after. burial.. Other. elements. are. observed. are. at. relatively.low.levels.and.are.likely.just.due.to.soil/dirt.contamination..All.peaks.occurring.at.energies.over.16.keV.are.disregarded.in. this.analysis.as.they.are.caused.by.instrumental.artifacts.and.are.not. representative.of.the.sample.. 107 An Analysis of Mummified Intracranial Content, OTTO APPENzELLER 1 *, MIKE SPILDE 2 , ANITA PETTy 3 , CLIF- FORD QUALLS 4 , GENEVIEVE PHILLIPS 5, PETER APPENzELLER 6 , and BOB BRIER 7 ( 1 NMHEMC.Research.Foundation,. Albuquerque. NM;. 2 Institute. of. Meteoritics,. University. of. New. Mexico,. Albuquerque. NM;. 3 Digital. Manufacturing,. 3M. Unitek,. Albuquerque,. NM;. 4 Department. of. Mathematics. and. Statistics,. University. of. New. Mexico,.Albuquerque. NM;. 5 Cancer. Research. 85
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Proceedings of the AMericAn AssociA
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2 CONTENTS 92 nd ANNUAL MEETING of
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POLICIES Publication Publication.of
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PACIFIC DIVISION SECTIONS AND AFFIL
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ANNUAL MEETING REGISTRATION The.Reg
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at.the.top,.pass.the.turn.into.the.
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Courtesy.himself Courtesy.Vitamin.D
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Wednesday, 15 June Field Trip #4: M
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Future Meetings Pacific Division An
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GENERAL SESSIONS Sunday, 12 June 20
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Thursday, 16 June 2011 CLOSING CONV
Page 25 and 26:
Monday, 13 June 2011 The Forensic S
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State.University,.San.Jose,.CA),.Pe
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Tuesday, 14 June 2011 Human Leishma
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increased.occurrences.of.large.iceb
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11:00 105 Radiocarbon Dating of a L
Page 35 and 36: 2:45 129 Swiss Mummy Project: Exper
Page 37 and 38: Wednesday, 15 June 2011 Princess Ta
Page 39 and 40: Panelists: WILLIAM B.N. BERRy. (Uni
Page 41 and 42: 1:45 178 Psychoneuroendocrine-osteo
Page 43 and 44: Thursday, 16 June 2011 Mexican Mumm
Page 45 and 46: -. Institute. for. Mummies. and. th
Page 47 and 48: II. WORKSHOPS Monday, 13 June 2011
Page 49 and 50: Sunday, 12 June 2011 III. CONTRIBUT
Page 51 and 52: 10:00 BREAK 10:30 254 The Mummy Tis
Page 53 and 54: 9:00 283 A New Honey Bee Threat - t
Page 55 and 56: Administrations and Mathematics Edu
Page 57 and 58: IV. CONTRIBUTED POSTER PRESENTATION
Page 59 and 60: ( 1 Lincoln.Public.Schools.Science.
Page 61 and 62: 380 Examination of Physiological an
Page 63 and 64: ABSTRACTS Abstracts are grouped by
Page 65 and 66: stakeholders.might.vary.according.t
Page 67 and 68: exposed.to.adultery,.physical.abuse
Page 69 and 70: 2).D.P..Sheehan.and.D.H.E..Gross,.P
Page 71 and 72: and.reinterpret,.the.usual.concepts
Page 73 and 74: Ventura. County. environmental. and
Page 75 and 76: ‘Hypertext’. is. a. broad. term
Page 77 and 78: 63 Evolutionary Origin of Phlebotom
Page 79 and 80: esponsible. for. most. of. the. ver
Page 81 and 82: Yukio.Kaneda,.Lukas.Liechtenstein,.
Page 83 and 84: trophic.levels..Morphological.measu
Page 85: 93 Causality is Inconsistent with Q
Page 89 and 90: and. these. may. be. described. as.
Page 91 and 92: has.them.try.to.do.the.field.tests.
Page 93 and 94: of. the. level. of. DNA. fragmentat
Page 95 and 96: further.support.a.role.for.minocycl
Page 97 and 98: Princess Takabuti - Analylsis, Inte
Page 99 and 100: 158 Documenting the New Colony thro
Page 101 and 102: 167 Historical/Archaeological Digit
Page 103 and 104: excellent.preservation.at.these.sit
Page 105 and 106: e-hydration. solutions. with. skin.
Page 107 and 108: Science Teachers,. JOHN CzWORKOWSKI
Page 109 and 110: culturally..One.of.the.infants.was.
Page 111 and 112: Since.the.18 th .century,.lifespans
Page 113 and 114: affecting.both.forearms.and.lower.l
Page 115 and 116: hair.samples.is.used.here.to.explor
Page 117 and 118: compared..Additionally.contrast-to-
Page 119 and 120: were.seen..Fat.droplets.could.be.id
Page 121 and 122: attributed.to.the.increase.in.the.r
Page 123 and 124: A.“wax.dummy”.at.an.amusement.p
Page 125 and 126: eveal.evidence.of.past.activity.pat
Page 127 and 128: a.part.of.STEM.graduate.education.a
Page 129 and 130: introgression,.predation,.and.compe
Page 131 and 132: ecoming.increasingly.important.for.
Page 133 and 134: CHERyL L. JORCyK*. (Department. of.
Page 135 and 136: 1188,.Princeton,.NJ.08542-1188;.dmi
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Because.the.fully.temporal.system.p
Page 139 and 140:
CONTRIBUTED POSTERS World</
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of. infesting. agents.. The. tissue
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that.mummy..The.database.will.not.b
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a.depth.between.one.to.two.and.a.ha
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that.rodents.were.eaten..Previously
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samples. were. in. a. quite. good.
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vector.commands.to.navigate.around.
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that.tree-growth.fluctuated.between
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a. role. in. oral. cancer. tumoroge
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A Aali, Abulfazi ..................
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Guillon, Francois .................
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Rauen, Kenneth M. .................
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