7th World Congress on Mummy Studies University of San Diego San ...
7th World Congress on Mummy Studies University of San Diego San ...
7th World Congress on Mummy Studies University of San Diego San ...
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ABSTRACTS.–.C<strong>on</strong>tributed.Oral.Papers<br />
have.had.tuberculosis;.DNA.testing.for.this.is.pending..DNA.analysis.to.determine.the.genetic.relati<strong>on</strong>ship.between.all.three.individuals.has.been.inc<strong>on</strong>clusive.so.far.<br />
266 Relic, Ritual or Residue: the ‘Saint Achilles’ Remains at Torre<br />
de Palma, Portugal, MARy LUCAS POWELL 1 and DELLA<br />
COLLINS COOK 2 * ( 1 130. Hamilt<strong>on</strong>. Park,. Lexingt<strong>on</strong>,. KY;.<br />
2 Department.<strong>of</strong>.Anthropology,.Indiana.<strong>University</strong>,.701.East.Kirkwood.<br />
Avenue,. Bloomingt<strong>on</strong>,. IN. 47405;. paleomary@insightbb.<br />
com;.cook@indiana.edu).<br />
The.Torre.de.Palma.site.in.eastern.Portugal.includes.<strong>on</strong>e.<strong>of</strong>.the.<br />
earliest.double-apsed.basilicas.in.western.Europe,.dating.from.5 th .<br />
century.CE..A.total.<strong>of</strong>.255.individuals.represent.more.than.13.centuries.<strong>of</strong>.mortuary.activity..A.prominent.tomb.c<strong>on</strong>tained.eight.hand.<br />
and.foot.elements.from.a.male.<strong>of</strong>.advanced.age..Both.calcanei.are.<br />
included..We.c<strong>on</strong>sider.three.hypotheses:.that.these.elements.c<strong>on</strong>stituted.a.special.relic,.perhaps.with.s<strong>of</strong>t.tissue.preserved;.that.the.remainder.<strong>of</strong>.the.skelet<strong>on</strong>.was.translated.ritually.to.a.different.locati<strong>on</strong>.with.these.elements.left.intenti<strong>on</strong>ally.to.maintain.the.deceased.<br />
presence.in. the.church;.and. that.these.elements.were. left.behind.<br />
unintenti<strong>on</strong>ally.when.the.tomb.was.cleaned.to.prepare.it.for.a.new.<br />
occupant.<br />
267 Tattoos and a Scar: Visible Marks and Invisible Pathology <strong>of</strong> a<br />
South American Woman from the 14 th Century, HEATHER GILL-<br />
FRERKING*, ANNA-MARIA BEGEROCK, and WILFRIED<br />
ROSENDAHL (German.<strong>Mummy</strong>.Project,.D5,.Museum.Weltkulturen,.<br />
Reiss-Engelhorn. Museums,. 68159. Mannheim,. Germany;.<br />
Heather.Gill-Robins<strong>on</strong>@mannheim.de).<br />
Three.small.tattoos,.<strong>on</strong>e.<strong>on</strong>.the.face.and.<strong>on</strong>e.<strong>on</strong>.each.breast,.<br />
and.a.scar.<strong>on</strong>.the.left.breast,.are.visible.<strong>on</strong>.an.adult.woman.attributed.<br />
to. the. Chiu-Chiu. culture. <strong>of</strong>. South.America..As. part. <strong>of</strong>. the.<br />
evidence-based. examinati<strong>on</strong>. <strong>of</strong>. the. mummy,. the. tattoos. and. scar.<br />
were.recorded.and.interpretati<strong>on</strong>.attempted,.within.the.bioarchaeological.and.cultural.c<strong>on</strong>text.<strong>of</strong>.the.mummy..The.specific.meanings.<br />
<strong>of</strong>.the.simple.tattoos.<strong>on</strong>.this.particular.woman.have.not.yet.been.<br />
determined. and. multiple. interpretati<strong>on</strong>s. must. be. c<strong>on</strong>sidered..Tattoos.<strong>on</strong>.various.mummies.have.previously.been.interpreted.as.aesthetic.adornment,.indicators.<strong>of</strong>.social.status,.cerem<strong>on</strong>ial.or.religious.<br />
symbols.and.possible.indicators.<strong>of</strong>.therapeutic.treatment..The.scar.<br />
<strong>on</strong>.the.breast.is.clearly.well-healed,.indicating.that.the.woman.survived.for.a.l<strong>on</strong>g.period.<strong>of</strong>.time.following.the.event.that.led.to.the.<br />
scar..<br />
This.paper.will.describe.the.tattoos.and.scar.and.<strong>of</strong>fer.potential.bioarchaeological.and.cultural.interpretati<strong>on</strong>s.for.both.the.deliberate.body.modificati<strong>on</strong>.and.the.scar,.including.the.results.<strong>of</strong>.the.<br />
medical.image.analysis.<strong>of</strong>.the.area.<strong>of</strong>.the.scar..This.paper.will.also.<br />
summarize.other.pathology.identified.during.the.medical.imaging,.<br />
in.an.attempt.to.understand.the.health.status.<strong>of</strong>.this.woman.<br />
268 An Interesting and Indeterminate Disease from the Nubian<br />
Pathological Collecti<strong>on</strong>, MERVyN HARRIS (KNH. Centre. for.<br />
Biomedical. Egyptology,. The. <strong>University</strong>. <strong>of</strong>. Manchester,. Room.<br />
3.507A,.Stopford.Building,.Oxford.Rd.,.Manchester.M13.9PT,.UK;.<br />
mervyn.harris@manchester.ac.uk)..<br />
The.Nubian.Pathological.Collecti<strong>on</strong>.is.a.collecti<strong>on</strong>.<strong>of</strong>.specimens.<br />
excavated. by. Elliot-Smith. and. Wood-J<strong>on</strong>es. during. their.<br />
extensive.“Archaeological.Survey.<strong>of</strong>.Nubia”.which.took.place.during.the.early.years.<strong>of</strong>.the.20<br />
th .century..The.collecti<strong>on</strong>.c<strong>on</strong>sists.<strong>of</strong>.<br />
specimens.included.because.<strong>of</strong>.their.particular.pathological.interest.<br />
122<br />
and.do.not.provide.insight.into.the.prevalence.<strong>of</strong>.any.particular.disease.am<strong>on</strong>gst.the.populati<strong>on</strong>.<strong>of</strong>.ancient.Nubia.<br />
One.specimen.<strong>of</strong>.particular.interest.c<strong>on</strong>sisted.<strong>of</strong>.a.pelvis,.two.<br />
femora,.two.humerii.and.two.ulnae.and.radii.all.from.the.same.adult.<br />
individual.. Provenance. is. uncertain. but. may. date. from. the. Predynastic.period..The.specimen.itself.might.not.be.Nubian.although.<br />
it.is.c<strong>on</strong>tained.am<strong>on</strong>gst.the.collecti<strong>on</strong>..The.pelvis.dem<strong>on</strong>strated.a.<br />
tri-radiate. deformity. and. the. developmental. abnormality. spina.<br />
bifida.occulta..Gross.callus.formati<strong>on</strong>.was.noted.al<strong>on</strong>g.both.femoral.shafts.giving.the.appearance.<strong>of</strong>.extensive.s<strong>of</strong>t.tissue.ossificati<strong>on</strong>..Both.ulnae.and.radii.were.bowed.and.ossificati<strong>on</strong>.<strong>of</strong>.the.intraosseous.membrane.was.noted.<br />
The.appearance.<strong>of</strong>.the.remains.suggested.a.number.<strong>of</strong>.possible.<br />
diseases.but.was.not.exactly.typical.<strong>of</strong>.any.<strong>on</strong>e.in.particular..However,.<br />
the. specimen. dem<strong>on</strong>strated. several. specific. features. which.<br />
suggested.a.possible.diagnosis.<strong>of</strong>.type.V.osteogenesis.imperfecta.<br />
which.is.particularly.interesting.as.type.V.has.<strong>on</strong>ly.been.identified.<br />
within.the.last.decade.<br />
269 The Ankhpakhered <strong>Mummy</strong> Project, SABINA MALGORA 1 *<br />
and LUCA BERNARDO 2 ( 1 Egyptologist,.Curator,.and.Co-director.<strong>of</strong>.the.“<strong>Mummy</strong>.Project,”<br />
Castello.del.Bu<strong>on</strong>c<strong>on</strong>siglio.di.Trento,.<br />
Trento,.Italy;. 2 Head.<strong>of</strong>.the.Department.<strong>of</strong>.Maternal.Fetal.Science,.<br />
Co-director.<strong>of</strong>.the.“<strong>Mummy</strong>.Project,”.Fatebenefratelli.and.Macedorio.Mell<strong>on</strong>i.Hospital,.Milan,.Italy;.sabinamalgora@libero.it).<br />
The.mummy.<strong>of</strong>.Ankhpakhered,.a.priest.<strong>of</strong>.Min.in.the.Temple.<br />
<strong>of</strong>.Akhmin,.had.been.placed.inside.a.painted.wooden.sarcophagus,.<br />
dated.to.the.XXII-XXIII.dynasties..The.mummy.and.sacrcophagus,.<br />
c<strong>on</strong>served. in. the.Archaeological. and. Pale<strong>on</strong>tological. Museum. <strong>of</strong>.<br />
Asti,. underwent. c<strong>on</strong>servati<strong>on</strong>. and. radiographic. examinati<strong>on</strong>..The.<br />
study. revealed. the. skelet<strong>on</strong>ized. body. <strong>of</strong>. an. adult. individual..The.<br />
essential.parts.<strong>of</strong>.the.body.are.completely.disturbed,.with.canes.supporting.the.b<strong>on</strong>es..No.amulets.and.jewellery.were.found.<br />
The. 3D. rec<strong>on</strong>structi<strong>on</strong>s. <strong>of</strong>. the. CT. scans. c<strong>on</strong>firm. the. radiographic.survey..The.collected.data.suggest.that.this.individual.had.<br />
underg<strong>on</strong>e.heavy.work.activities,.with.the.lower.part.<strong>of</strong>.the.body.<br />
showing.marked.stresses..These.aspects.do.not.seem.suitable.for.the.<br />
activities.<strong>of</strong>.a.high.priest.<br />
An.endoscopy.was.made.to.collect.samples.for.analysis.to.provide.more.reliable.data..The.tool.used:.Video-Br<strong>on</strong>coscope.STORZ,.61.cm.in.length,.external.diameter.5.9.mm,.with.operating.channel.<strong>of</strong>.2.2.mm.and.Br<strong>on</strong>coscope.STORZ,.44.cm.in.length,.external.<br />
diameter.10.5.mm.with.3.operating.channels..The.samples.taken.<br />
were:. fragments. <strong>of</strong>. b<strong>on</strong>es,. canes,. bandages,. and. a. tooth.. Further.<br />
research.will.include:.DNA,.C14,.and.toxicology.testing..The.specialized.<br />
team. c<strong>on</strong>sists. <strong>of</strong>. a. toxicologist,. an. anthropologist,. and. a.<br />
forensic.pathologist,.with.the.use.<strong>of</strong>.a.diagnostic.centre..Future.tests.<br />
will.allow.us.to.understand.this.individual:.his.age.at.death,.cause.<br />
<strong>of</strong>.death,.other.pathologies,.when.he.was.buried,.reas<strong>on</strong>.for.skelet<strong>on</strong>izati<strong>on</strong>,.<br />
and. where. the. body. was. before. being. buried. in. this.<br />
sarcophagus.<br />
270 Teeth Used as a Tool: Evidence <strong>of</strong> Task-related Dental Modificati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
from an Ancient Cemetery at Saqqara, Egypt, IWONA<br />
KOzIERADzKA-OGUNMAKIN (KNH.Centre.for.Biomedical.<br />
Egyptology,. <strong>University</strong>. <strong>of</strong>. Manchester,. Faculty. <strong>of</strong>. Life. Sciences,.<br />
3.507.Stopford.Building,.Oxford.Road,.Manchester,.England,.M13.<br />
9PT;.Iw<strong>on</strong>a.kozieradzka-ogunmakin@postgrad.manchester.ac.uk)..<br />
Human.dentiti<strong>on</strong>.is.a.valuable.source.<strong>of</strong>.informati<strong>on</strong>.regarding.age,.diet.and.health..A.detailed.examinati<strong>on</strong>.<strong>of</strong>.teeth.could.also.
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