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advanced theory and practice in sport marketing - Marshalls University

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questions provides the <strong>sport</strong> consumer with the <strong>in</strong>formation they need to make<br />

an <strong>in</strong>formed decision about purchas<strong>in</strong>g the <strong>sport</strong> product or service.<br />

Organizational skills apply to plann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> manag<strong>in</strong>g the <strong>sport</strong> product <strong>and</strong><br />

service <strong>in</strong>formation <strong>in</strong> an efficient <strong>and</strong> effective manner. Sport salesperson often<br />

deal with multiple <strong>sport</strong> products <strong>and</strong> services. For example, ticket <strong>in</strong>ventory<br />

can range from <strong>in</strong>dividual game tickets to group tickets, to partial plans to season<br />

tickets, <strong>and</strong> vary <strong>in</strong> costs based on quantity or location. The <strong>sport</strong> salesperson<br />

must have the ability to keep this <strong>in</strong>formation organized by keep<strong>in</strong>g it <strong>in</strong> an easy<br />

<strong>and</strong> useable format so they can service the customer quickly <strong>and</strong> accurately.<br />

Time management skills refer to the ability control time. In general, the salesperson<br />

spends a limited amount of time with a customer. The way <strong>in</strong> which that<br />

time is used is crucial to the decision mak<strong>in</strong>g process of the buyer. Earlier <strong>in</strong> the<br />

book we discussed the Pareto Pr<strong>in</strong>ciple, or the 80/20 rule, where 80% of a <strong>sport</strong><br />

organization’s bus<strong>in</strong>ess comes from 20% of its customers. Salespersons learn to<br />

spend more time with <strong>in</strong>dividuals to ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong> the relationships, however they<br />

cannot forget about the other 80%, as they represent future potential sales.<br />

Knowledge skills are the collection of gather<strong>in</strong>g, organiz<strong>in</strong>g, <strong>and</strong> shar<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>formation.<br />

The knowledgeable salesperson will be able to answer most of the questions<br />

of potential <strong>and</strong> exist<strong>in</strong>g <strong>sport</strong> customers. This knowledge <strong>in</strong>cludes know<strong>in</strong>g<br />

the <strong>sport</strong> product <strong>and</strong> service be<strong>in</strong>g sold, underst<strong>and</strong><strong>in</strong>g the <strong>sport</strong> consumer, <strong>and</strong><br />

hav<strong>in</strong>g an <strong>in</strong>timate awareness of the <strong>in</strong>dustry, the competition, <strong>and</strong> the company<br />

itself.<br />

Manag<strong>in</strong>g the Sport Sales Force<br />

The manag<strong>in</strong>g of a sales force for a <strong>sport</strong> organization is an elaborate process<br />

that starts with the recruitment, selection, <strong>and</strong> tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g of salespersons. When tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g<br />

the salesperson, it is important that they have a significant knowledge about the<br />

company, their customers <strong>and</strong> products, the <strong>in</strong>dustry the company operates <strong>in</strong>, <strong>and</strong><br />

the competition present. In addition, tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g should focus on sell<strong>in</strong>g skills. New<br />

salespersons may have a range of sell<strong>in</strong>g skills – from none at all to expertise from<br />

previous employment. Regardless, the sales manager is responsible for ensur<strong>in</strong>g<br />

that the salesperson has the sell<strong>in</strong>g skills required for the <strong>in</strong>dividual organization.<br />

These skills are most often taught through on-the-job tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> job shadow<strong>in</strong>g.<br />

Some organizations will also utilize classroom tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g, role play<strong>in</strong>g, case studies,<br />

<strong>and</strong> experiential exercises to articulate the desired sell<strong>in</strong>g skills to salespersons.<br />

When work<strong>in</strong>g with salespersons, it is important that the sales manager communicates<br />

a clear purpose for the sell<strong>in</strong>g methods utilized, <strong>and</strong> motivates them to<br />

succeed. Practice <strong>and</strong> repetition are the most important methods for improvement,<br />

<strong>and</strong> re<strong>in</strong>forcement provided by the sales manager helps keep the salesperson<br />

on task. The sales manager may also use <strong>in</strong>centives to entice salespersons to<br />

reach predeterm<strong>in</strong>ed levels of productivity. However, it is important to remember<br />

that those sales goals need to be realistic, as sett<strong>in</strong>g the bar too high is a recipe<br />

for disaster <strong>and</strong> failure.<br />

As stated earlier, the <strong>sport</strong> manager is a crucial part of the evolution of the sales<br />

force by develop<strong>in</strong>g sales territories, forecast<strong>in</strong>g the potential to sell <strong>sport</strong> products<br />

SALES MANAGEMENT IN SPORT 159

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