The Delft Sand, Clay & Rock Cutting Model, 2019a

The Delft Sand, Clay & Rock Cutting Model.
2.6.5. Triaxial Test. ....................................................................................................................................47
2.6.6. Shear Test.........................................................................................................................................49
2.6.7. Point Load Test. ...............................................................................................................................50
2.7. Nomenclature. .........................................................................................................................53
2.8. The Mohr Circle. .....................................................................................................................55
2.9. Active Soil Failure...................................................................................................................61
2.10. Passive Soil Failure. ................................................................................................................65
2.11. Summary. ................................................................................................................................69
2.12. Shear Strength versus Friction.................................................................................................71
2.13. Nomenclature. .........................................................................................................................73
Chapter 3: The General Cutting Process. ...................................................................................................75
3.1. Cutting Mechanisms................................................................................................................75
3.2. Definitions. ..............................................................................................................................76
3.3. The Flow/ Shear/Crushed Type...............................................................................................77
3.3.1. The Equilibrium of Forces. ..............................................................................................................77
3.3.2. The Individual Forces.......................................................................................................................79
3.4. The Curling Type. ...................................................................................................................80
3.5. The Tear Type and Chip Type.................................................................................................82
3.6. The Snow Plough Effect..........................................................................................................87
3.6.1. The Normal and Friction Forces on the Shear Surface and Blade....................................................87
3.6.2. The 3D Cutting Theory. ...................................................................................................................87
3.6.3. Velocity Conditions..........................................................................................................................87
3.6.4. The Deviation Force.........................................................................................................................90
3.6.5. The Resulting Cutting Forces...........................................................................................................91
3.7. Example Program in Visual Basic 6........................................................................................91
3.8. Finding the Shear Angle. .........................................................................................................92
3.9. Specific Cutting Energy E sp.....................................................................................................92
3.10. Nomenclature. .........................................................................................................................93
Chapter 4: Which Cutting Mechanism for Which Kind of Soil?..............................................................95
4.1. Cutting Dry Sand.....................................................................................................................95
4.2. Cutting Water Saturated Sand. ................................................................................................96
4.3. Cutting Clay. ...........................................................................................................................97
4.4. Cutting Rock Atmospheric. .....................................................................................................99
4.5. Cutting Rock Hyperbaric.......................................................................................................101
4.6. Summary. ..............................................................................................................................103
4.7. Nomenclature. .......................................................................................................................104
Chapter 5: Dry Sand Cutting. ....................................................................................................................105
5.1. Introduction. ..........................................................................................................................105
5.2. Definitions. ............................................................................................................................105
5.3. The Equilibrium of Forces.....................................................................................................106
5.4. An Alternative Shape of the Layer Cut. ................................................................................110
5.5. The Influence of Inertial Forces. ...........................................................................................111
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