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Michigan Department of History, Art and Libraries (2007). Great Lakes Arts, Culture, and Heritage Participation Survey Report. Canada: Recreation Industries Research Center, Michigan State University. Accessed at: http://www.michigan.gov/documents/hal/GLACHPSurveyReport091307_211765_7.pdf Culture is broadly defined as an untapped economic development resource. This survey associates cultural participation with the following domains: attendance at music, dance, and theatrical performances; participation in various arts; art purchases and employment of artists and design professionals; membership, donations, and volunteer service to arts and cultural organizations; use of libraries; participation in arts education as children and adults; exposure to arts as a child; cultural tourism; professional artists; and demographics. ______ Istat (2008). Spettacoli, musica e altre attività del tempo libero. Indagine multiscopo sulle famiglie "I cittadini e il tempo libero" - Anno 2006. Roma: Istat. Accessed at: http://www3.istat.it/dati/catalogo/20081031_00/inf_08_06_spettacoli_musica_tempo_libero_2006.p df No definition of cultural participation is given but the cultural activities considered for the survey involved traditional aspects as well as newer ones, and the scope of the questionnaire goes from watching TV to reading literature, using new technologies or devoting time to learning activities. ______ Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication – Département des études, de la prospective et des statistiques (2008). Les pratiques culturelles des français. Questionnaire 2008. Paris. Accessed at: http://www.pratiquesculturelles.culture.gouv.fr/doc/08questionnaire.pdf The survey considers as cultural participation all the different ways of participating in cultural life (reading, listening to music, going to cultural events, amateur practices, etc.) focusing on the uses of traditional media as well as new media technologies for cultural purposes. ______ DANE – Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (2009). Encuesta de Consumo Cultural 2008. Informe de Resultados. República de Colombia: Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística. Accessed at: http://www.dane.gov.co/daneweb_V09/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=107&Itemi d=78 Cultural consumption is associated with those dynamics involving the circulation and purchasing of messages and contents. It involves not only the production of these messages and contents but active reception and the process of giving new significance. Cultural goods and services include: performances and cultural events (dance, theatre, music concerts, fairs and craft exhibitions); cultural infrastructures (Libraries, Cultural Centers, Museums, Art Galleries, historic and archaeological sites); reading and editorial activities, audiovisual (Cinema, Video, Videogames, Recorded music); training and artistic education. ______ - 123 -
National Endowment for the Arts (2009). 2008 Survey of Public Participation in the Arts. National Endowment for the Arts, Washington, DC: National Endowment for the Arts. Accessed at: http://www.nea.gov/research/2008-SPPA.pdf The 2008 survey considers traditional forms of live arts participation—gallery visits or attendance at performing arts events, for example—and alternative forms of participation that have grown popular in recent years. Arts participation includes: - Attending arts events; - Experiencing recorded or broadcast live performances; - Exploring arts through the Internet; - Personally performing or creating art; and - Taking arts-related classes. ______ Fecomércio-RJ (2010). O hábito de lazer cultural do brasileiro. São Paulo: Fecomércio RJ. Accessed at: http://www.fecomercio-rj.org.br/publique/media/Pesquisa%20Cultura.pdf Though no clear definition is given the survey considers cultural participation as a pillar of social inclusion and economic development in Brazil and it has a broader scope going beyond the élitist practices. ______ Uganda Bureau of Statistics (2010). Uganda National Household Survey 2009/2010. Questionnaire. Kampala: Uganda Bureau of Statistics. Accessed at: http://www.ubos.org/UNHS0910/Appendix%20III-%20Questionnaire.pdf Based on the UNESCO Framework on Cultural Statistics, the survey states that Cultural Participation includes all elements of cultural activity or practices, whether they are through formal employment or attendance at formal (i.e. performance in a theatre or subject to entrance charges) or informal cultural events (community events, family events) not subject to monetary transactions, or through cultural activities at home. For this survey data were collected on religion, listening to/watching music-making, reading culture and involvement of household members in different social activities. ______ Great Britain. Department for Culture, Media and Sport (2010). Taking Part: The National Survey of Culture, Leisure and Sport. Jan-Dec 2010 Statistical Release. London: Department for Culture, Media and Sports. Accessed at: http://www.culture.gov.uk/images/research/Taking_Part_Y6_Q3_Jan-Dec10.pdf The Annex B from the Taking Part Survey, which give us the sector definitions used for the questionnaire regards Arts Participation as participating in the following list of activities: • Dance – live performance or rehearsal/practice (ballet, other dance but not for fitness) • Singing – live performance or rehearsal/practice (not karaoke) • Musical instrument – live performance, rehearsal/practice or played for own pleasure • Written music • Theatre – live performance or rehearsal/practice (e.g. play or drama) • Opera/musical theatre – live performance or rehearsal/practice • Carnival • Street arts (art in everyday surroundings like parks, streets, shopping centres) • Circus (not animals) • Visual art – (e.g. painting, drawing, printmaking or sculpture) • Photography – (as an artistic activity, not family or holiday ‘snaps’) - 124 -
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2695 mEaSUriNG CUltUral PartiCiPati
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UNESCO The constitution of the Unit
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Acknowledments The handbbook is bas
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3.3 Methodological considerations .
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The Rights conferred in the Constit
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1.1.4 Changing context and definiti
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spread of piracy easier and more th
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1.3.2. Guidelines for using the han
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Chapter 2. Defining, measuring and
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Figure 1. Cultural values and ident
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iv) Observational Arts Participatio
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- A profile of the cultural and her
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Did you go to a live ballet perform
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“omnivores” and “univores”
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When you accessed the Internet, was
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The implication of these observatio
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other cultural relations and phenom
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During the last 3 years, have you b
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Cultural participation is about ind
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Which of the following activities y
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When you were a child, did you take
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- I’m going to read some statemen
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(for respondents who did not go to
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2.2.8 Cross-country comparison Cros
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Another complementary field which h
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Chapter 3. Measuring cultural parti
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The contrast between the core appro
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� Cultural expenditure: typically
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While audience and visitor surveys
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The Living Standards Measurement Su
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Cultural considerations themselves
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3.3.3 Timing, frequency and period
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In developed countries, it is custo
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A. PURPOSE B. INDICATORS C. SAMPLE
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Active participation through volunt
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paid to re-shaping the definition o
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