Parties, Candidates and Citizens On-Line - Åbo Akademi

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Notes 1 Hallin & Mancini (2004: 67) mention the Mediterranean countries as examples of the Polarized Pluralist model, the Scandinavian and Central-European countries as examples of the Democratic Corporatist model and Britain, Ireland, USA and Canada as examples of the Liberal model. 2 For example the Freedom House index and the UNDP human development index. 3 In order to increase the validity of the study, the QCA analysis was also tested using the alternative coding value for Ukraine and Russia: the result of this analysis is briefly presented in the findings section. The whole reduction procedure is presented in the appendix. 4 Source: Nua Internet surveys: http://www.nua.com/surveys/how_many_online/Europe.html 5 In order to increase the validity of the study, the QCA analysis was also tested using the alternative coding value for Scenario 4: the result of this analysis is briefly presented in the findings section. The full reduction procedure is presented in the appendix. 53
References Altheide, D. & Snow, R. (1991) Media worlds in the Postjournalism Era. New York: Aldine de Gruyter. Aquila, P. (2004) ‘Analysis of the Electoral Web Sphere 2004 Australian Federal Election’, final report, Internet & Elections Project. Bimber, B. & Davis, R. (2003) Campaigning Online: The Internet in U.S. Elections. New York: Oxford University Press. Blumler, J. & Gurevitch, M. (1995) The Crisis of Public Communication. London & New York: Routledge. Carlson, T. & Djupsund, G. (2001) ‘Old Wine in New Bottles? The 1999 Finnish Election Campaign on the Internet’, The Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics 6(1): 68-87. Coverdill, J. & Finlay, W. (1995) ‘Understanding Mills Via Mill-Type Methods: An Application of Qualitative Comparative Analysis to a Study of Labor Management in Southern Textile Manufacturing’, Qualitative Sociology 18(4): 457-78. Cunha, C., Martín, I., Newell, J. & Ramiro, L. (2003) ‘Southern European parties and party systems, and the new ICTs’, in Gibson, R., Nixon, P. & Ward, S. (eds) Political Parties and the Internet: Net Gain?, pp. 70-97. London: Routledge. Farrell, D. & Webb, P. (2000) ‘Political Parties as Campaign Organizations’, in Dalton, R. & Wattenberg, M. (eds) Parties without Partisans. Political Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies, pp. 102-128. New York: Oxford University Press. Gibson, R. (2004) ‘Web Campaigning from a Global Perspective’ manuscript submitted to Asia Pacific Review. Gibson, R., Margolis, M., Resnick, D. & Ward, S. (2003) ‘Election Campaigning on the WWW in the USA and UK: a Comparative Analysis’, Party Politics 9(1): 47-75. Gibson, R. & Römmele, A. (2003) ‘Regional Web campaigning in the 2002 German Federal Election’, German Politics 12(1): 79-108. Gibson, R. & Ward, S. (2000) ‘A Proposed Methodology for Studying the Function and Effectiveness of Party and Candidate Web Sites’, Social Science Computer Review 18(3): 310-9. Gibson, R. & Ward, S. (2002) ‘Virtual Campaigning: Australian Parties and the Impact of the Internet’, Australian Journal of Political Science 37(1): 99-129. Golder, M. (2004) ‘Codebook: Democratic Electoral Systems Around the World, 1946-2000’, appendix for article in Electoral Studies 24(1): 103-121. Greer, J. & LaPointe, M. (2003) ‘Cyber-Campaigning grows up. A comparative content analysis of websites for US Senate and gubernatorial races, 1998-2000’, in Gibson, R., Römmele, A. & Ward, S. (eds) Electronic Democracy, pp.116-32. London: Routledge. Hallin, D. & Mancini, P. (2004) Comparing Media Systems: three models of media and politics. Cambridge: 54 Cambridge University Press.
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Kim Strandberg Studies of Politics
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PARTIES, CANDIDATES AND CITIZENS ON
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CIP Cataloguing in Publication Stra
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Jag vill även ta tillfället i akt
Page 11 and 12: C. Summary & Conclusions ..........
Page 13 and 14: List of tables Article I: Table 1.
Page 16: A. Introduction
Page 19 and 20: 26; Römmele 2003, 9-11). Therefore
Page 21 and 22: these scholarly visions (e.g. Corra
Page 23 and 24: 2003b; Gibson & Ward 2002). Regardi
Page 25 and 26: Some further comments regarding the
Page 27 and 28: for citizens’ participation and p
Page 29 and 30: providing the kind of structure for
Page 31 and 32: To further examine the central comp
Page 33 and 34: Scholars have noted that some of th
Page 35 and 36: • In the third article (Strandber
Page 37 and 38: References Barber, B. 1984. Strong
Page 39 and 40: Lusoli, W. 2005b. “The Internet a
Page 42: B. The articles
Page 45 and 46: Introduction Two specific theories
Page 47 and 48: proportional systems. It is therefo
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Page 51 and 52: Because the study is case-oriented
Page 53 and 54: the discussion of the variable, the
Page 55 and 56: Table 1. Operationalizations of the
Page 57 and 58: There were no contradicting cases f
Page 59 and 60: dramatically if a different coding
Page 61: of democratic status and the usage
Page 65 and 66: Norris, P. (2003) ‘Preaching to t
Page 67 and 68: Appendix B: studies associated with
Page 69 and 70: ABdE+AbdE = AdE BCdE+BcdE = BdE Fin
Page 71 and 72: 1. Introduction Voter turnout in th
Page 73 and 74: integration [9,10]. A study by Tiil
Page 75 and 76: 3. Data and methodology Our focus o
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Page 81 and 82: 4.4. The on-line candidates: a clos
Page 83 and 84: 4.4.3. What kind of candidates did
Page 85 and 86: sources during the campaign. The qu
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Page 89 and 90: ecome involved in their campaigns.
Page 91 and 92: References [1] H. Schmitt, The Euro
Page 93 and 94: Appendix A. Abbreviated coding temp
Page 95 and 96: Introduction Party communication ha
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Page 103 and 104: finally, engaging communication 3.
Page 105 and 106: Finally, concerning the informative
Page 107 and 108: Nousiainen 1998, 55-59; Sundberg 19
Page 109 and 110: sophistication index. These parties
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identified two groups of parties on
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Notes: 1 As of November 16th 2005,
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Kitchelt, H. 2001. ‘Partisan Comp
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Appendix: Questionnaire scales Labo
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Targeting of specific voter segment
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Article IV On-line Campaigning - An
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Patterns of candidate on-line elect
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elements of interest pluralism (cf.
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The Finnish context As was briefly
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RQ1: How much predicting power do i
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stored locally two weeks prior to t
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Table 2. Logistical regression mode
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Table 4. Candidate website function
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Table 5. OLS multiple regression mo
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Table 6. OLS multiple regression mo
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affiliated party, even in the candi
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than their rivals (Margolis et al.
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References Altheide, David and Robe
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Norris, Pippa (2001a) A Virtuous Ci
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Campaigning Additive index: 1 point
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Article V “Town Hall” Meetings
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Hence, one must question whether th
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(Coleman and Goetze, 2001: 16; Norr
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Barber mentions that it is only whe
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of user preferences. If internet po
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Table 2. Average degree of liveline
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5. Citizen Participation in the deb
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Over time, there is also a slight,
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would significantly enhance our und
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Notes 1 According to the Nua Intern
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Kamarck, E. 1999. ”Campaigning on
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C. Summary and conclusions A discus
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perspective, the articles have been
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predicting candidate website functi
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articles in the thesis. In general,
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Finnish voters’ propensity to loo
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they did not appear to “become mo
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organizational, financial […] res
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The real impact of internet politic
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Norris, P. 2003. “Preaching to th
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