Open Access PDF - Sven Kullander

More documents

Recommendations

Info

336 Fig. 37. Cichla mirianae, paratype, NRM 12007, 78.7 mm SL; Brazil: Mato Grosso: tributary to Rio Suiá-Missu between São José do Xingu and Alô Brasil. Fig. 38. Cichla mirianae, paratype, USNM 199192, 96.3 mm SL; Brazil: Mato Grosso: upper Rio Juruena. Fig. 39. Cichla mirianae, paratype, USNM 199231, 152 mm SL; Brazil: Mato Grosso: upper Rio Juruena. below middle or posterior margin of orbit. Lateral line discontinuous; continuous on right side in one specimen only (NRM 50264). Dorsal spines 3-6 longest; soft dorsal fin rounded, not reaching to caudal fin base or slightly shorter. Soft anal fin rounded, reaching beyond middle of caudal peduncle. Caudal fin truncate or subtruncate. Pectoral fin pointed, <strong>Kullander</strong> & Ferreira: Review of Cichla
eaching halfway to middle of anal fin base. Pelvic fin pointed, first ray longest, reaching halfway to anal fin origin. Dorsal fin naked in all specimens to 152 mm SL, in larger specimens sparsely scaled on proximal | of soft portion, with single row of scales along anterior and posterior margin of rays. Anal fin densely scaled anteriorly in adults, on proximal half or less in specimens up to 152 mm SL. Caudal fin densely scaled, in adults scales covering almost all of fin except posterior margin and middle interradial membrane. Pelvic fin naked in young, progressively densely scaled on both sides along anterior margin. Pectoral fin scaled basally in specimens over 200 mm SL. Colouration in preservative. Smallest specimens, about 60-80 mm SL (Fig. 37) with dark brown to blackish lateral band from cleithrum to caudal fin base. White, partly contiguous spots bordering lateral band dorsally and ventrally; additional one or two rows of indistinct light spots on dorsum dorsal to lateral line. Short, narrow, dark brown vertical bars 1-3 (in one specimen indicated bar 4) from about lateral line, fading on abdominal side; expanded into oval or round blotch where crossing lateral band. Dark brown blotch immediately posterior to orbit and dark brown horizontal stripe dorsally on opercle. Dorsal fin dusky, both spinous and soft portion with large white or hyaline spots. Anal fin whitish anteriorly, colourless posteriorly. Black caudal blotch, small, rounded, contiguous with lateral band, and extended by blackish stripe along † of middle of caudal fin; blotch midbasal in 64.2 mm SL specimen, slightly superior in remainder. Rest of caudal fin grey with large white spots on dorsal half. Pelvic fin whitish. In specimens about 90 mm SL and larger (Figs. 38-39) lateral band much less distinct than vertical bars/blotches and gradually transformed to narrow stripe. Dorsum, nape and snout brown with yellow spots on top of snout, nape and in two rows on dorsum close to dorsal fin. Side of head light brownish, ventrally yellowish, large yellow spots in brownish area. A dark brown spot ventrally on opercle. Dark horizontal stripe from snout to orbit, from orbit horizontally across opercle, brownish and distinct. Stripe continued, indistinct, brownish, along middle of side, immediately above level of lower lateral line tube row, lighter anteriorly, to caudal fin base. Stripe crossed by three short vertical bars confined to Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol. 17, No. 4 337 middle third of side, containing an approximately round dark brown blotch at intersection. Large light spots in a row dorsally and ventrally along horizontal band; an irregular row of large light spots on dorsal side, another along abdominal side. Dorsal fin brown, spinous portion with two, soft portion with three rows of large hyaline spots. Anal fin hyaline, pelvic fin smoky on both sides. Large adult male, 330 mm SL (Fig. 40) with dark brown back, nape and snout dorsally, lighter brown side, chest yellowish white, abdomen dirty white, ventral aspect of caudal peduncle duskied. Side of head brown. Lower jaw grey, chest and throat dusky on white ground (unique for this specimen). Row of irregularly arranged black spot in horizontal succession from orbit to posterior margin of opercle, scattered black spots on opercle. Extrascapular series marked by a black oblique stripe. Spinous dorsal fin brown, soft portion brown with seven cross-rows of lighter spots and grey distal margin. Anal fin brown, darker distally. Caudal fin brown with about 10 vertical rows of lighter spots on dorsal lobe. Pelvic fin dark brown on posterior side, grey on anterior side. Pectoral fin greyish. Indistinct dark vertical bars (bars 2-3) containing distinct irregular black blotches at level slightly above upper lateral line. Anteriorly on side, above pectoral fin, a large black blotch. Side close to major black blotches partially, especially anterior blotch, slightly lighter than rest of side. Caudad from cleithrum an irregular row of irregularly shaped black spots connecting major black blotches, continued beyond posterior blotch as gradually narrower band of blotches to about middle of caudal peduncle. Numerous irregularly arranged and irregularly shaped black blotches on lower side associated with bars 2 and 3, on pectoral fin base and under adpressed pect oral fin. Caudal blotch slightly elongate, margined by narrow silvery circle; on both sides of fin also minute dark spot dorsally on ventral lobe, margined by light spots. Other large males similarly dark with dark brown to black spinous dorsal fin and black spots on anterior abdominal side. Lower jaw, throat and branchiostegal membrane whitish or yellowish without blackish pigmentation. Breeding female, 207 mm SL (Fig. 41) similar to male, but anterior two blotches brown, posterior blotch black and most prominent. Five series of light spots in dorsal fin. Only some indistinct brownish markings on abdominal side. No light
Page 1 and 2: Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil ISSN 093
Page 3 and 4: Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol.
Page 5 and 6: that of Ringuelet et al. (1967) cle
Page 7 and 8: except in C. intermedia. Occipital
Page 9 and 10: Prominent rostral fold on maxilla (
Page 11 and 12: Principal Component 2 2 1 0 -1 -2 -
Page 13 and 14: Frequency 50 40 30 20 10 0 60 70 80
Page 15 and 16: soft dorsal fin; bars 1 and 2 divid
Page 17 and 18: Fig. 7. Cichla ocellaris, NRM 28389
Page 19 and 20: 10° 0° -10° -20° -30° -80° Ci
Page 21 and 22: uito, Rio Aguaro on the way towards
Page 23 and 24: Fig. 13. Cichla orinocensis, MCNG 2
Page 25 and 26: confluent elongate yellow or white
Page 27 and 28: Fig. 19. Cichla orinocensis, MNHN A
Page 29 and 30: Cichla nigromaculata Jardine, 1843
Page 31 and 32: 10° 0° -10° -20° -30° -80° Ci
Page 33 and 34: of the principal vertical bars in C
Page 35 and 36: Fig. 26. Cichla monoculus, freshly
Page 37 and 38: on back, nape and dorsally on cauda
Page 39 and 40: Diagnosis. Distinguished from all o
Page 41 and 42: Several light spots on proximal hal
Page 43 and 44: Fig. 30. Cichla kelberi, NRM 42401,
Page 45 and 46: ar in large specimens, absence of b
Page 47 and 48: Fig. 35. Cichla pleiozona, paratype
Page 49: of Cichla, and the stock must have
Page 53 and 54: Fig. 42. Cichla mirianae, holotype,
Page 55 and 56: dark roundish blotch formed at inte
Page 57 and 58: Fig. 47. Cichla melaniae, not prese
Page 59 and 60: in Marabá, river bank; 18 Sep 1990
Page 61 and 62: Fig. 52. Cichla piquiti, paratype,
Page 63 and 64: SL from same sample. It is not obvi
Page 65 and 66: Fig. 55. Cichla thyrorus, paratype,
Page 67 and 68: Fig. 57. Cichla thyrorus, paratype,
Page 69 and 70: Cichla jariina, new species (Figs.
Page 71 and 72: Fig. 62. Cichla jariina, paratype,
Page 73 and 74: idge. - BMNH 1902.11.7:15, 1, 197 m
Page 75 and 76: Fig. 67. Cichla pinima, paratype, N
Page 77 and 78: dark spot included in band at root
Page 79 and 80: Fig. 73. Cichla pinima, fresh caugh
Page 81 and 82: 10° 0° -10° -20° -30° -80° -7
Page 83 and 84: zoler. - MZUSP 5501, 1; Rio Trombe
Page 85 and 86: Fig. 78. Cichla vazzoleri, holotype
Page 87 and 88: ocellated blotch. Bar 2 represented
Page 89 and 90: Fig. 81. Cichla temensis, NRM 22921
Page 91 and 92: two middle rows may be contiguous t
Page 93 and 94: Fig. 88. Cichla temensis, NRM 11308
Page 95 and 96: ion; belly lighter than the other p
Page 97 and 98: Fig. 90. Cichla intermedia, MBUCV-V
Page 99 and 100: ibid., fig. 7). Winemiller (2001: 9
Page 101 and 102:
as tubed scales, may thus be influe
Page 103 and 104:
(Kullander & Nijssen, fig. 10). Cic
Page 105 and 106:
specimens, the lower rays of the ca
Page 107 and 108:
Autapomorphies of Cichla. Stiassny
Page 109 and 110:
munity function would be selected a
Page 111 and 112:
Kullander, S. O. & E. J. G. Ferreir
Page 113 and 114:
399
Page 115 and 116:
Ichthyological Exploration of Fresh
show all

Open Access PDF - Sven Kullander

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?